A November to Remember
Astronomical highlights for the month of November 2024
Well now into the season of Autumn. As if from all directions, a mighty wind blows, to strip the land bare for the arrival of the next season. A bracing cold will indeed descend across the land, but will invigorate those for whom the journey though Winter will be a time of joyous seasonal celebration. Here and there during that joyous season, a blanket of pure white will drape and cloak our passage from the scattered litter of Autumn past to a fresh greening next Spring.
And, as in every season, but more so than ever at this time, bright sunlight will stream across the land by day, to light the dark corners and expose clear, stark lines for all to see; to complete those sunny days, clear nights will beckon for eyes to search the heavens and, among the starry lights, to find quiet solace and sincere thankfulness.
For this month, several planets still appear to grace our skies. In early evening’s eastern sky, Jupiter in Taurus (the Bull) shines brightly. Saturn (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) is seen due south just after sunset and sets just after midnight. Tiny Mercury (in Scorpius, the Scorpion) is lost in the glare of the setting Sun, but brilliant Venus (next door in Sagittarius, the Archer) appears in the southwest sky just after sundown.
By the Old Farmer’s Almanac, the folklore name of the Moon is traditionally the best known as the Full Beaver Moon, named for the large furry rodent that builds its lodge ahead of the Winter season.
In addition to its folklore significance, the Full Moon in November is also a Supermoon, which means that extra light after sunset will be a bit brighter from a slightly wider Moon, owing to the fact that a Supermoon is so named when the Moon's closest monthly approach to Earth coincides with its full phase.
While each season holds its own set of splendors, it’s worth noting the constellations that mark the season, and, even to explore Autumn’s deep-sky objects with a decent telescope.
This month there is so much for which to be thankful. Find solace in the stars; give thanks to the heavens.
And, as in every season, but more so than ever at this time, bright sunlight will stream across the land by day, to light the dark corners and expose clear, stark lines for all to see; to complete those sunny days, clear nights will beckon for eyes to search the heavens and, among the starry lights, to find quiet solace and sincere thankfulness.
For this month, several planets still appear to grace our skies. In early evening’s eastern sky, Jupiter in Taurus (the Bull) shines brightly. Saturn (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) is seen due south just after sunset and sets just after midnight. Tiny Mercury (in Scorpius, the Scorpion) is lost in the glare of the setting Sun, but brilliant Venus (next door in Sagittarius, the Archer) appears in the southwest sky just after sundown.
By the Old Farmer’s Almanac, the folklore name of the Moon is traditionally the best known as the Full Beaver Moon, named for the large furry rodent that builds its lodge ahead of the Winter season.
In addition to its folklore significance, the Full Moon in November is also a Supermoon, which means that extra light after sunset will be a bit brighter from a slightly wider Moon, owing to the fact that a Supermoon is so named when the Moon's closest monthly approach to Earth coincides with its full phase.
While each season holds its own set of splendors, it’s worth noting the constellations that mark the season, and, even to explore Autumn’s deep-sky objects with a decent telescope.
This month there is so much for which to be thankful. Find solace in the stars; give thanks to the heavens.
Sky Roundup Almanac for November 2024
November 01: New Moon at 13:47 UTC (or, 7:47 a. m. CDT on 11/1).
November 03: Daylight Saving Time ends; Standard Time returns. Clocks go back 1 hour (before bed on 11/2).
November 09: First Quarter Moon at 05:55 UTC (or, 11:55 p. m. CST on 11/08).
November 15: Full Moon at 21:28 UTC (or, 3:28 p. m. CST on 11/15).
November 22: Last Quarter Moon at 01:27 UTC (or, 7:27 p. m. CST on 11/22).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, and Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
November 03: Daylight Saving Time ends; Standard Time returns. Clocks go back 1 hour (before bed on 11/2).
November 09: First Quarter Moon at 05:55 UTC (or, 11:55 p. m. CST on 11/08).
November 15: Full Moon at 21:28 UTC (or, 3:28 p. m. CST on 11/15).
November 22: Last Quarter Moon at 01:27 UTC (or, 7:27 p. m. CST on 11/22).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, and Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Slower in October
Astronomical highlights for the month of October 2024
Seasons change. If you're one to embrace warm weather and engage in many outdoor activities, then the fast pace of Summer perhaps gives way to a less hectic daily pace now that Fall is here. Or, if you relish the brace of a chilly morning and a gaze skyward on a crisp evening, the present season can be just your kind of enjoyment as well.
But you may find that Autumn, now in full swing, does seem to slow things down a bit, as the days get shorter, nights grow longer, temperatures moderate and fall, and leaves on trees begin their quiet riot of annual color.
Like last month, several planets still appear in the eastern pre-dawn sky, namely, Jupiter in Taurus (the Bull) and Mars in Gemini (the Twins). Saturn (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) heads west after sunset and sets before dawn. As in previous months, tiny Mercury and brilliant Venus are still fairly close to the Sun, as viewed from Earth. Venus (in Libra, the Scales) appears just after sundown.
By the Old Farmer's Almanac, the folklore name of the Moon is traditionally the best known as the Full Hunter's Moon, the name for this month given for the Full Moon in this month after the Harvest Moon of the previous month.
The Moon’s October name of the Hunter Moon harks back to the frontier need to have some extra light after sunset, to catch, dress, and preserve any available game for the coming Winter months and to add to the foodstuffs already to the larder.
In addition to its folklore significance, the Full Moon in October is also a Supermoon, which means that extra light after sunset will be a bit brighter from a slightly wider Moon, owing to the fact that a Supermoon is so named when the Moon's closest monthly approach to Earth coincides with its full phase.
While there are many seasonal splendors on the rise at this time of year, our pace of observing should not slow down. Get out under the stars and take advantage of seeing a lazy orange Moon lingering over the treetops, the bright planets from dusk till dawn, the occasional meteors streak across the sky, and the gradual spiin of the night sky, as Summer’s seasonal constellations head to the west and Autumn star patterns rise in the east.
But you may find that Autumn, now in full swing, does seem to slow things down a bit, as the days get shorter, nights grow longer, temperatures moderate and fall, and leaves on trees begin their quiet riot of annual color.
Like last month, several planets still appear in the eastern pre-dawn sky, namely, Jupiter in Taurus (the Bull) and Mars in Gemini (the Twins). Saturn (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) heads west after sunset and sets before dawn. As in previous months, tiny Mercury and brilliant Venus are still fairly close to the Sun, as viewed from Earth. Venus (in Libra, the Scales) appears just after sundown.
By the Old Farmer's Almanac, the folklore name of the Moon is traditionally the best known as the Full Hunter's Moon, the name for this month given for the Full Moon in this month after the Harvest Moon of the previous month.
The Moon’s October name of the Hunter Moon harks back to the frontier need to have some extra light after sunset, to catch, dress, and preserve any available game for the coming Winter months and to add to the foodstuffs already to the larder.
In addition to its folklore significance, the Full Moon in October is also a Supermoon, which means that extra light after sunset will be a bit brighter from a slightly wider Moon, owing to the fact that a Supermoon is so named when the Moon's closest monthly approach to Earth coincides with its full phase.
While there are many seasonal splendors on the rise at this time of year, our pace of observing should not slow down. Get out under the stars and take advantage of seeing a lazy orange Moon lingering over the treetops, the bright planets from dusk till dawn, the occasional meteors streak across the sky, and the gradual spiin of the night sky, as Summer’s seasonal constellations head to the west and Autumn star patterns rise in the east.
Sky Roundup Almanac for October 2024
October 02: New Moon at 18:49 UTC (or, 1:49 p. m. CDT on 10/2).
October 10: First Quarter Moon at 18:55 UTC (or, 1:55 p. m. CDT on 10/10).
October 17: Full Moon at 11:26 UTC (or, 6:26 a. m. CDT on 10/17).
October 24: Autumnal Equinox at 8:03 UTC (or, 3:03 a. m. CDT on 10/24).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
October 10: First Quarter Moon at 18:55 UTC (or, 1:55 p. m. CDT on 10/10).
October 17: Full Moon at 11:26 UTC (or, 6:26 a. m. CDT on 10/17).
October 24: Autumnal Equinox at 8:03 UTC (or, 3:03 a. m. CDT on 10/24).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Remember September
Astronomical highlights for the month of September 2024
Labor Day typically marks the "unofficial" end of Summer, but the Autumnal Equinox, on September 22 in 2024, marks the season’s end on the astronomical calendar.
For now, several planets still appear in the eastern pre-dawn sky, namely, Jupiter and Mars in Taurus (the Bull) and Saturn (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer); by month’s end, Mars moves into the next constellation to the east, namely, Gemini (the Twins).
As in previous months, tiny Mercury and brilliant Venus are fairly close to the Sun, as seen from our earthly advantage; but, after having been unseen for some weeks, by month’s end Mercury (in Leo, the Lion) rises ahead of the Sun and Venus appears in the evening sky just after sundown. By mid-month, Venus (in Virgo, the Maiden) has moved into the western evening sky just after sunset, setting shortly after the Sun; by month’s end, Venus lingers in Libra (the Scales) at sundown.
By the Old Farmers Almanac, the folklore name of the Moon is traditionally the Full Corn Moon, to mark the emergence and early harvest of that avidly crossbred yellow vegetable. September is especially remembered as that month for the Harvest Moon, when Earth’s nearest neighbor, looming large and orange, lingers over treetops on rising just after sundown.
The Moon’s relative girth and hue, as seen at its rising, are due to potential effects of the atmosphere; that is, as we see the Moon rising amid objects (such as trees) at the horizon, by comparison the more distant Moon appears huge against the nearer foreground objects. Also, the light of the rising Moon is absorbed somewhat, or filtered, as seen through intervening layers of air; so, the longer wavelengths of light, such as orange and red, reach our eyes to make the Moon appear an orange hue.
The Moon’s September moniker of the Harvest Moon arises from the angle to the horizon at which it rises; that is, the angle of the Moon’s path at this time of year makes the Moon rise at relatively short intervals from day-to-day; so, on successive days around Full Moon phase, the Moon appears to be full for those several successive days, offering extra light after sundown for farmers to bring in the harvest.
For now, several planets still appear in the eastern pre-dawn sky, namely, Jupiter and Mars in Taurus (the Bull) and Saturn (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer); by month’s end, Mars moves into the next constellation to the east, namely, Gemini (the Twins).
As in previous months, tiny Mercury and brilliant Venus are fairly close to the Sun, as seen from our earthly advantage; but, after having been unseen for some weeks, by month’s end Mercury (in Leo, the Lion) rises ahead of the Sun and Venus appears in the evening sky just after sundown. By mid-month, Venus (in Virgo, the Maiden) has moved into the western evening sky just after sunset, setting shortly after the Sun; by month’s end, Venus lingers in Libra (the Scales) at sundown.
By the Old Farmers Almanac, the folklore name of the Moon is traditionally the Full Corn Moon, to mark the emergence and early harvest of that avidly crossbred yellow vegetable. September is especially remembered as that month for the Harvest Moon, when Earth’s nearest neighbor, looming large and orange, lingers over treetops on rising just after sundown.
The Moon’s relative girth and hue, as seen at its rising, are due to potential effects of the atmosphere; that is, as we see the Moon rising amid objects (such as trees) at the horizon, by comparison the more distant Moon appears huge against the nearer foreground objects. Also, the light of the rising Moon is absorbed somewhat, or filtered, as seen through intervening layers of air; so, the longer wavelengths of light, such as orange and red, reach our eyes to make the Moon appear an orange hue.
The Moon’s September moniker of the Harvest Moon arises from the angle to the horizon at which it rises; that is, the angle of the Moon’s path at this time of year makes the Moon rise at relatively short intervals from day-to-day; so, on successive days around Full Moon phase, the Moon appears to be full for those several successive days, offering extra light after sundown for farmers to bring in the harvest.
Update: The image (right) shows the Moon nearly at Full Moon phase, one day before this month's combo Supermoon and Harvest Moon on September 17. This is just one of four successive Supermoons this season! And at the same time, a partial lunar eclipse will also occur during that Supermoon / Harvest Moon combo!
Image taken on 9-15-24, just before midnight. Note the Moon just fills the circular field of view (almost to the round edge) in the scope used for this shot, a Newtonian reflector with a 10-inch mirror at 72x. Note the craters along the left edge, still in shadow. When we next see the full lunar phase as the Supermoon, it'll be Noon on the Moon, since one day on the Moon equals one month here on Earth.
Image taken on 9-15-24, just before midnight. Note the Moon just fills the circular field of view (almost to the round edge) in the scope used for this shot, a Newtonian reflector with a 10-inch mirror at 72x. Note the craters along the left edge, still in shadow. When we next see the full lunar phase as the Supermoon, it'll be Noon on the Moon, since one day on the Moon equals one month here on Earth.
For this month, remember September as the month when the hot days begin to lessen and cool nights begin to lengthen, inviting us out for a comfortable time to observe the evening sky and to welcome the season of Autumn.
Sky Roundup Almanac for September 2024
September 02: New Moon at 1:55 UTC (or, 8:55 p. m. CDT on 09/2).
September 11: First Quarter Moon at 6:05 UTC (or, 1:05 a. m. CDT on 09/11).
September 17: Full Moon at 2:34 UTC (or, 9:34 p. m. CDT on 09/17).
September 22: Autumnal Equinox at 12:43 UTC (or, 7:43 a. m. CDT on 9/22).
September 24: Last Quarter Moon at 18:49 UTC (or, 1:49 p. m. CDT on 08/26).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
September 11: First Quarter Moon at 6:05 UTC (or, 1:05 a. m. CDT on 09/11).
September 17: Full Moon at 2:34 UTC (or, 9:34 p. m. CDT on 09/17).
September 22: Autumnal Equinox at 12:43 UTC (or, 7:43 a. m. CDT on 9/22).
September 24: Last Quarter Moon at 18:49 UTC (or, 1:49 p. m. CDT on 08/26).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
August Observing
Astronomical highlights for the month of August 2024
As a fairly typical Summer moves along, weatherwise, its occasional hazy, humid nights are still good for observing, especially the relatively nearby Moon and planets, which have some area of roundness to them.
By contrast, objects that are hugely distant from us, such as star and galaxies, appear as pinpoints of light to our eyes, and, are more subject to the heat rising from buildings and the open ground after sunset, which can certainly roil the atmosphere and these distant objects as telescopic images.
So a Summer’s evening air, though sultry with humidity, can be fairly stable, which allows fair-to-good views of the relatively close-by celestial objects, which are not pinpoints of distant light, and that means telescopic images that might not twinkle much. That is, viewing the span and grandeur of celestial objects in the night sky this month can indeed be august.
For now, several planets appear in the eastern pre-dawn sky, namely, Jupiter and Mars in Taurus (the Bull) and Saturn (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer). A pleasing apparition occurs at the start of this month, as Jupiter and Mars draw together and appear with a slim, waning crescent Moon. (See the chart, just below, for this month.)
By contrast, objects that are hugely distant from us, such as star and galaxies, appear as pinpoints of light to our eyes, and, are more subject to the heat rising from buildings and the open ground after sunset, which can certainly roil the atmosphere and these distant objects as telescopic images.
So a Summer’s evening air, though sultry with humidity, can be fairly stable, which allows fair-to-good views of the relatively close-by celestial objects, which are not pinpoints of distant light, and that means telescopic images that might not twinkle much. That is, viewing the span and grandeur of celestial objects in the night sky this month can indeed be august.
For now, several planets appear in the eastern pre-dawn sky, namely, Jupiter and Mars in Taurus (the Bull) and Saturn (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer). A pleasing apparition occurs at the start of this month, as Jupiter and Mars draw together and appear with a slim, waning crescent Moon. (See the chart, just below, for this month.)
On the morning of August 14th before sunup, Mars and Jupiter will appear less that one-quarter degree (of angular measure) apart; that’s less than one-half the width of the Moon, as seen from Earth. This pairing, called a planetary conjunction, ought to make a splendid sight in a binocular or low-power in a good telescope. It’ll be worth the chance to attempt astrophotography of this conjunction.
Like last month, tiny Mercury and brilliant Venus are fairly close to the Sun, as seen from our earthly advantage; but, after having been unseen for some weeks, by month’s end Mercury emerges in the morning sky just before sunup and Venus appears in the evening sky just after sundown.
Like last month, tiny Mercury and brilliant Venus are fairly close to the Sun, as seen from our earthly advantage; but, after having been unseen for some weeks, by month’s end Mercury emerges in the morning sky just before sunup and Venus appears in the evening sky just after sundown.
With all of the planets recently in the morning sky, several coalesce by month’s end to make for a spectacular display before sunup on August 28th. That is, that morning’s line-up will include, up from the horizon, Mercury, Mars, Jupiter, Uranus, Neptune, and Saturn across the sky from the east-northeast to the west-southwest. (See the chart, just below, for this month.) Quite a span of sky to observe!
The closer planets will be visible by eye and binocular; the more distant Solar System neighbors will require a fair telescope to spot well. The entire display should be a delight to view with a binocular or to attempt capture with wide-field astrophotography, especially since the apparition will include our nearest celestial neighbor as well.
By the Old Farmers Almanac, the folklore name of the Moon is traditionally the Full Sturgeon Moon, to mark that time of year when various species of this fish (described here) make their spawning runs through fresh and marine waters.
And this month also brings us the famed annual meteor shower of the Perseids. Peaking in intensity on or about mid-August, these meteors are often seen as occasional bright fireballs leaving long, smoky trains. Likely the better times to observe will be late in the evening after sundown and into the wee hours of the morning before sunup on August 11th through the 13th; an hourly peak count of perhaps 100 meteors per hour is anticipated to occur by August 12th.
For this month, look to set up and observe the august grandeur of the night sky.
And this month also brings us the famed annual meteor shower of the Perseids. Peaking in intensity on or about mid-August, these meteors are often seen as occasional bright fireballs leaving long, smoky trains. Likely the better times to observe will be late in the evening after sundown and into the wee hours of the morning before sunup on August 11th through the 13th; an hourly peak count of perhaps 100 meteors per hour is anticipated to occur by August 12th.
For this month, look to set up and observe the august grandeur of the night sky.
Update: The image (right) shows this week's conjunction of planets this week. As seen from Earth, both Mars and Jupiter appear close together in the eastern sky before sunup, which is somewhat rare to see. Cell phone held up to the eyepiece of a homebuilt telescope (10-inch f /9 Dobsonian) took this shot.
Mars in upper left, Jupiter in lower right. Three starry dots near Jupiter are several of its large moons (aka Galilean satellites).
Up to the right: Ganymede, Europa, and Callisto. (Io was visible earlier, but moved behind the disk of Jupiter.)
This shot was taken 8-14-24, 5:10 a. m. CDT. Magnification: 72x.
Mars in upper left, Jupiter in lower right. Three starry dots near Jupiter are several of its large moons (aka Galilean satellites).
Up to the right: Ganymede, Europa, and Callisto. (Io was visible earlier, but moved behind the disk of Jupiter.)
This shot was taken 8-14-24, 5:10 a. m. CDT. Magnification: 72x.
Sky Roundup Almanac for August 2024
August 04: New Moon at 11:13 UTC (or, 6:13 a. m. CDT on 08/4).
August 12: First Quarter Moon at 15:18 UTC (or, 10:18 a. m. CDT on 08/12). Perseid meteor peak!
August 19: Full Moon at 18:25 UTC (or, 1:25 p. m. CDT on 08/19). Supermoon and a "Blue Moon"!
August 26: Last Quarter Moon at 9:25 UTC (or, 4:25 a. m. CDT on 08/26).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
August 12: First Quarter Moon at 15:18 UTC (or, 10:18 a. m. CDT on 08/12). Perseid meteor peak!
August 19: Full Moon at 18:25 UTC (or, 1:25 p. m. CDT on 08/19). Supermoon and a "Blue Moon"!
August 26: Last Quarter Moon at 9:25 UTC (or, 4:25 a. m. CDT on 08/26).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Eyes on the Skies in July
Astronomical highlights for the month of July 2024
The Summer season’s afoot, and if the weather’s clear at night, then all eyes should scan the skies in this month of July.
During this month, bright-white Jupiter (in Taurus, the Bull), orangey Mars (in Aries, the Ram), and pale Saturn (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) continue to aim up from the eastern horizon before sunup; by month’s end, Jupiter approaches Mars and distant Uranus (all in Taurus, the Bull, though the latter requires a fair-sized telescope aperture to view). Like last month, tiny Mercury and brilliant Venus set with the Sun, and are difficult to spot.
By the Old Farmers Almanac, the folklore name of the Moon is traditionally the Full Buck Moon, to mark that time of year when a deer’s antlers grow fast.
Look to sky in July before deers’ antlers point skyward first.
During this month, bright-white Jupiter (in Taurus, the Bull), orangey Mars (in Aries, the Ram), and pale Saturn (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) continue to aim up from the eastern horizon before sunup; by month’s end, Jupiter approaches Mars and distant Uranus (all in Taurus, the Bull, though the latter requires a fair-sized telescope aperture to view). Like last month, tiny Mercury and brilliant Venus set with the Sun, and are difficult to spot.
By the Old Farmers Almanac, the folklore name of the Moon is traditionally the Full Buck Moon, to mark that time of year when a deer’s antlers grow fast.
Look to sky in July before deers’ antlers point skyward first.
Update: As you aim your scope skyward, like deer antlers pointing skyward, here are the kinds of photos one can snap, say, of just the Moon, with a phone held up to the eyepiece of a fair-sized telescope.
These images, taken on 7-27-2024 before sunup and just before Last Quarter phase (or 21 days after New Moon phase), show the Moon as waning gibbous in appearance. To see this phase in a dark sky, one must observe before sunup (in this case, about 4 a. m., CDT. Within this coming week, the Moon will appear slimmer as a waning crescent before sunup.)
All these images were taken through a homebuilt reflecting telescope, the aperture of which is a mirror 6 inches wide. Its focal ratio is f / 5.7.
Note the entire image (right) of the Moon in the orientation as it appears in the sky; the area separating light from dark on the Moon's surface is called the terminator. Along the terminator is the best place to see crater walls and mountains, where the relief is greatest for those features to cast shadows. In this image, the telescope magnified the Moon 36x.
These images, taken on 7-27-2024 before sunup and just before Last Quarter phase (or 21 days after New Moon phase), show the Moon as waning gibbous in appearance. To see this phase in a dark sky, one must observe before sunup (in this case, about 4 a. m., CDT. Within this coming week, the Moon will appear slimmer as a waning crescent before sunup.)
All these images were taken through a homebuilt reflecting telescope, the aperture of which is a mirror 6 inches wide. Its focal ratio is f / 5.7.
Note the entire image (right) of the Moon in the orientation as it appears in the sky; the area separating light from dark on the Moon's surface is called the terminator. Along the terminator is the best place to see crater walls and mountains, where the relief is greatest for those features to cast shadows. In this image, the telescope magnified the Moon 36x.
The latter two images (herein) are close-ups along the terminator, with some overlap between images. In both images, the direction North is at the top, South is at the bottom. These two images were taken at 110x magnification. Many lunar craters are named after various famous historical persons, scientists, and discoverers; mountains chains are named after their earthly counterparts.
The shot (at right) includes the lunar north pole and the upper half of the Moon. The dark oval crater (in the upper left) is named Plato; the flat-floored crater (about the same relative size) directly to its south is Archimedes. The arc of mountains trending away to the lower left are the lunar Apennine Mountains. That mountain chains ends at the neat round crater Eratosthenes.
The shot (at right) includes the lunar north pole and the upper half of the Moon. The dark oval crater (in the upper left) is named Plato; the flat-floored crater (about the same relative size) directly to its south is Archimedes. The arc of mountains trending away to the lower left are the lunar Apennine Mountains. That mountain chains ends at the neat round crater Eratosthenes.
The shot (at right) shows the Apennines again and part of the lunar equatorial region; the upper half of the large crater, Albategnius, appears in strong relief just at the bottom of the frame.
South of Albategnius, the lunar south pole appears heavily cratered. That wide flat crater (with several smaller craters within it) is Clavius.
To its north (or somewhat above Clavius) is the neat, round crater Tycho (with a central peak). This crater appears to have a whitish stream of material extending away from it, up to the left. That "material" (also called "rays") is thought to be ejecta, blasted out in all directions, when the crater was formed by tremendous impact long ago. The "rays" are best seen fully at Full Moon phase.
These are the kinds of pix you can take with just a handheld phone and a fair-sized telescope. If the phone were affixed to the scope, the features might've appeared a bit crisper in focus, but this is still a good demo of what you can do. And all this was done in a matter of minutes; in the days of film cameras, one would have to take a number of shots, bracketed for different exposure times and lens apertures, just to get the right balance of light and shadow. No polarizing filter was used to obtain these images.
South of Albategnius, the lunar south pole appears heavily cratered. That wide flat crater (with several smaller craters within it) is Clavius.
To its north (or somewhat above Clavius) is the neat, round crater Tycho (with a central peak). This crater appears to have a whitish stream of material extending away from it, up to the left. That "material" (also called "rays") is thought to be ejecta, blasted out in all directions, when the crater was formed by tremendous impact long ago. The "rays" are best seen fully at Full Moon phase.
These are the kinds of pix you can take with just a handheld phone and a fair-sized telescope. If the phone were affixed to the scope, the features might've appeared a bit crisper in focus, but this is still a good demo of what you can do. And all this was done in a matter of minutes; in the days of film cameras, one would have to take a number of shots, bracketed for different exposure times and lens apertures, just to get the right balance of light and shadow. No polarizing filter was used to obtain these images.
And just to show that a phone held to a telescope can capture other night-sky objects, inserted (at right) is an image of Saturn, taken at the same scale and pre-dawn time as the close-ups of the Moon posted previously in this update.
This shows how the size of an object as distant as Saturn compares with the size of a nearby object like the Moon at the same magnification of 110x. At nearly a billion miles away, Saturn appears small in the frame, compared to the Moon which is about 240,000 miles away; but, it's worthwhile to get such an image with just a phone and a scope.
So, while this Saturn image (above, right) may not look like much; it gives a real sense of the scale at which a telescope has to operate, to give any semblance of distant objects at all. That is, the fine pix we've often seen previously might be those taken by huge telescopes, which is certainly fine; but, for the amateur astronomer, one ought to know in advance how the telescope performs.
This shows how the size of an object as distant as Saturn compares with the size of a nearby object like the Moon at the same magnification of 110x. At nearly a billion miles away, Saturn appears small in the frame, compared to the Moon which is about 240,000 miles away; but, it's worthwhile to get such an image with just a phone and a scope.
So, while this Saturn image (above, right) may not look like much; it gives a real sense of the scale at which a telescope has to operate, to give any semblance of distant objects at all. That is, the fine pix we've often seen previously might be those taken by huge telescopes, which is certainly fine; but, for the amateur astronomer, one ought to know in advance how the telescope performs.
Sky Roundup Almanac for July 2024
July 05: New Moon at 22:57 UTC (or, 5:57 p. m. CDT on 07/5).
July 13: First Quarter Moon at 22:18 UTC (or, 5:48 p. m. CDT on 07/13).
July 21: Full Moon at 10:07 UTC (or, 5:17 a. m. CDT on 07/21).
Jul7 27: Last Quarter Moon at 2:51 UTC (or, 9:51 p. m. CDT on 07/27).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
July 13: First Quarter Moon at 22:18 UTC (or, 5:48 p. m. CDT on 07/13).
July 21: Full Moon at 10:07 UTC (or, 5:17 a. m. CDT on 07/21).
Jul7 27: Last Quarter Moon at 2:51 UTC (or, 9:51 p. m. CDT on 07/27).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Moon in June
Astronomical highlights for the month of June 2024
While a fine new season starts this month on the Summer Solstice, the astronomical start of the Summer season, it’ll be a fine time, too, to point eyes and scopes skyward and take in the splendor of night skies all Summer long.
The Moon gets some special notice this month. Not only is our nearby celestial neighbor in folklore known this month appropriately as the Full Strawberry Moon, while groceries fill with the ripened tart red fruit, but it is also the lowest Full Moon.
That is, this Full Moon month is considered a special Solstice Moon, which occurs just after the Summer Solstice. So, while the Sun is highest in the sky at that time in the day sky, the Moon appears lowest in the night sky.
The Moon's path, as seen in our sky in Summer, mirrors the path of the Sun as seen in our sky in Winter. For example, during this month of June while the Moon rides low, just barely above the trees, it shows the path the Sun will take six months later in Winter. The same visual effect in the sky is seen in Winter. That is, during December the Moon appears high in the sky at night, perhaps lighting up a snowy landscape; but, it also shows the path the Sun will take six months later during the day in Summer. See more of the explanation at this link.
And with the Summer Solstices, one ought to know not only its origins but its many celebrations around the world and in history.
During this month, bright-white Jupiter (in Taurus, the Bull), orangey Mars (in Aries, the Ram), and pale Saturn (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) aim up from the eastern horizon before sunup. Tiny Mercury (in Aries, the Ram) and brilliant Venus set with the Sun, and are difficult to spot.
The Moon gets some special notice this month. Not only is our nearby celestial neighbor in folklore known this month appropriately as the Full Strawberry Moon, while groceries fill with the ripened tart red fruit, but it is also the lowest Full Moon.
That is, this Full Moon month is considered a special Solstice Moon, which occurs just after the Summer Solstice. So, while the Sun is highest in the sky at that time in the day sky, the Moon appears lowest in the night sky.
The Moon's path, as seen in our sky in Summer, mirrors the path of the Sun as seen in our sky in Winter. For example, during this month of June while the Moon rides low, just barely above the trees, it shows the path the Sun will take six months later in Winter. The same visual effect in the sky is seen in Winter. That is, during December the Moon appears high in the sky at night, perhaps lighting up a snowy landscape; but, it also shows the path the Sun will take six months later during the day in Summer. See more of the explanation at this link.
And with the Summer Solstices, one ought to know not only its origins but its many celebrations around the world and in history.
During this month, bright-white Jupiter (in Taurus, the Bull), orangey Mars (in Aries, the Ram), and pale Saturn (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) aim up from the eastern horizon before sunup. Tiny Mercury (in Aries, the Ram) and brilliant Venus set with the Sun, and are difficult to spot.
Sky Roundup Almanac for June 2024
June 06: New Moon at 12:37 UTC (or, 7:37 a. m. CDT on 06/6).
June 14: First Quarter Moon at 17:18 UTC (or, 12:18 a. m. CDT on 06/14).
June 20: Summer Solstice, first day of Summer at 20:50 UTC (or, 3:50 p. m. CDT).
June 21: Full Moon at 1:07 UTC (or, 8:07 p. m. CDT on 06/21).
June 28: Last Quarter Moon at 21:52 UTC (or, 4:53 p. m. CDT on 06/28).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
June 14: First Quarter Moon at 17:18 UTC (or, 12:18 a. m. CDT on 06/14).
June 20: Summer Solstice, first day of Summer at 20:50 UTC (or, 3:50 p. m. CDT).
June 21: Full Moon at 1:07 UTC (or, 8:07 p. m. CDT on 06/21).
June 28: Last Quarter Moon at 21:52 UTC (or, 4:53 p. m. CDT on 06/28).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Flowers and Powers
Astronomical highlights for the month of May 2024
While the month of May is often noted for its floral blooms, the passing rains of April that watered the flowers have given us the prospect of clear skies and fair weather. And as buds can start showing their flowers to greet the daytime sky, telescopes may start boosting their powers to meet the nighttime sky.
So let’s see what wonders we can meet in May.
Early this month on the 3rd and 4th, pale Saturn (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) and orangey Mars (in Pisces, the Fishes) pair with the Moon, a waning crescent seen east in the pre-dawn sky. (See chart, below.)
So let’s see what wonders we can meet in May.
Early this month on the 3rd and 4th, pale Saturn (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) and orangey Mars (in Pisces, the Fishes) pair with the Moon, a waning crescent seen east in the pre-dawn sky. (See chart, below.)
That nearby celestial neighbor in folklore is known this month appropriately as the Full Flower Moon and the Budding Moon, as those April showers have also led to buds to open and leaves to sprout.
By month’s end on the 31st, Saturn pairs again with (and just above) the Moon in the eastern pre-dawn sky for a very close conjunction for those observers in North America; as seen in parts of South America, Saturn will be occulted by the Moon. (See chart, below.)
By month’s end on the 31st, Saturn pairs again with (and just above) the Moon in the eastern pre-dawn sky for a very close conjunction for those observers in North America; as seen in parts of South America, Saturn will be occulted by the Moon. (See chart, below.)
The Moon will also occult Neptune that same night, but that sky phenomenon will only be visible from sub-Saharan Africa.
By month’s end, Saturn (still in Aquarius) and Mars (still in Pisces) are rising earlier ahead of the Sun and are joined by tiny Mercury (in Aries, the Ram); together the three planets form a neat line up from the horizon. (See chart, below.)
By month’s end, Saturn (still in Aquarius) and Mars (still in Pisces) are rising earlier ahead of the Sun and are joined by tiny Mercury (in Aries, the Ram); together the three planets form a neat line up from the horizon. (See chart, below.)
Brilliant Venus rises with the Sun, but is still difficult to spot. The usual and large bright-white Jupiter (now in Taurus, the Bull) is not visible this month, lost in the glare of the Sun; by next month, it will emerge into morning twilight to join Mercury, Mars, and Saturn.
Flowers to greet the day, powers to meet the night. Scanning the floral across daylit fields and peering with the optical across nighttime skies make May a worthwhile month to observe nature.
Flowers to greet the day, powers to meet the night. Scanning the floral across daylit fields and peering with the optical across nighttime skies make May a worthwhile month to observe nature.
Sky Roundup Almanac for May 2024
May 01: Last Quarter Moon at 11:27 UTC (or, 6:27 a. m. CDT on 05/01).
May 07: New Moon at 3:21 UTC (or, 10:21 p. m. CDT on 05/7).
May 15: First Quarter Moon at 11:48 UTC (or, 6:48 a. m. CDT on 05/15).
May 23: Full Moon at 13:53 UTC (or, 8:53 a. m. CDT on 04/23).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
May 07: New Moon at 3:21 UTC (or, 10:21 p. m. CDT on 05/7).
May 15: First Quarter Moon at 11:48 UTC (or, 6:48 a. m. CDT on 05/15).
May 23: Full Moon at 13:53 UTC (or, 8:53 a. m. CDT on 04/23).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Showers and Shadow
Astronomical highlights for the month of April 2024
While the month of April is often noted for its springtime rains, the passage of the Moon’s shadow across North America will certainly command attention for many to venture out (despite the weather) and look up as amateur sky observers. So get set for a lively month in sky observation, as most of the news in the first week or two will involve the total solar eclipse on April 8, 2024, when one actually sees the lunar phase of New Moon.
When the Moon and Sun are in perfect alignment for a total solar eclipse, the dark silhouette of the Moon is seen surrounded by the brilliant white corona of the Sun. From one’s vantage on Earth, this grand spectacle lasts only mere minutes and sweeps across Earth’s surface along a narrow swath, the path of totality. Along that path beneath that dark silhouette one can stand in the shadow of the Moon.
Various sites have convenient maps of the path of totality here.
There are several safe ways to see the partial phases prior to and after the total solar eclipse: by looking at it through eclipse glasses or through a welder's faceplate, or, by looking for it on the ground. That is, for the partial phases, one can buy and use a pair of mylar eclipse glasses, which are fairly cheap at several department-store chains and at home-improvement stores. Or, one can hold a #14 welder's glass (and only #14 glass, since other shades don't block out enough sunlight) up in front of one's face to view the partial phases of the eclipse (before and after totality). Perhaps for the next eclipse over Spain in 2024 or across Australia in 2028, one might pack a faceplate from a plumbing supply outlet (like Airgas; store locator at this link). Or, one can simply look for crescent suns on the ground, where sunlight filters through the leaves of trees or through objects that have small holes (like a kitchen colander). At this link is an example of what you might see.
While the emphasis early in this month will involve the solar eclipse across Mexico USA, and Canada, here are some other items perhapos all can see in the sky from their own locations, especially in the great Midwest.
In this month, pale Saturn, orangey Mars, and brilliant Venus (all in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) rise ahead of the Sun, but might be difficult to spot without without a well-aimed telescope. By month’s end, Saturn (still in Aquarius) and Mars (now in Pisces, the Fishes) are rising earlier ahead of the Sun and are joined by tiny Mercury. Large bright-white Jupiter (in Aries, the Ram) is visible low in the western sky and sets soon after sunset.
This month, our nearest celestial neighbor, the Moon, will be the star attraction when it passes in front of our home star, the Sun; but, for this month, in folklore it’s known as the Full Pink Moon, due to the emergence of pinkish phlox, a springtime perennial.
While April showers, too, are perennial for springtime, the Sun’s bright corona and Moon’s dark shadow will surely enliven the month with their own grand celestial display.
When the Moon and Sun are in perfect alignment for a total solar eclipse, the dark silhouette of the Moon is seen surrounded by the brilliant white corona of the Sun. From one’s vantage on Earth, this grand spectacle lasts only mere minutes and sweeps across Earth’s surface along a narrow swath, the path of totality. Along that path beneath that dark silhouette one can stand in the shadow of the Moon.
Various sites have convenient maps of the path of totality here.
There are several safe ways to see the partial phases prior to and after the total solar eclipse: by looking at it through eclipse glasses or through a welder's faceplate, or, by looking for it on the ground. That is, for the partial phases, one can buy and use a pair of mylar eclipse glasses, which are fairly cheap at several department-store chains and at home-improvement stores. Or, one can hold a #14 welder's glass (and only #14 glass, since other shades don't block out enough sunlight) up in front of one's face to view the partial phases of the eclipse (before and after totality). Perhaps for the next eclipse over Spain in 2024 or across Australia in 2028, one might pack a faceplate from a plumbing supply outlet (like Airgas; store locator at this link). Or, one can simply look for crescent suns on the ground, where sunlight filters through the leaves of trees or through objects that have small holes (like a kitchen colander). At this link is an example of what you might see.
While the emphasis early in this month will involve the solar eclipse across Mexico USA, and Canada, here are some other items perhapos all can see in the sky from their own locations, especially in the great Midwest.
In this month, pale Saturn, orangey Mars, and brilliant Venus (all in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) rise ahead of the Sun, but might be difficult to spot without without a well-aimed telescope. By month’s end, Saturn (still in Aquarius) and Mars (now in Pisces, the Fishes) are rising earlier ahead of the Sun and are joined by tiny Mercury. Large bright-white Jupiter (in Aries, the Ram) is visible low in the western sky and sets soon after sunset.
This month, our nearest celestial neighbor, the Moon, will be the star attraction when it passes in front of our home star, the Sun; but, for this month, in folklore it’s known as the Full Pink Moon, due to the emergence of pinkish phlox, a springtime perennial.
While April showers, too, are perennial for springtime, the Sun’s bright corona and Moon’s dark shadow will surely enliven the month with their own grand celestial display.
Update: For the total solar eclipse on 4/8/24, two telescopes were set up at an observing site in West Frankfort, Illinois. One telescope was set up for continuous digital photography; inserted (below) are three of digital photos from the eclipse: Lunar ingress, showing the diamond-ring effect on the Sun's left side, as the Moon covers the last of the solar disk; eclipse totality, with a jet plane captured at the top of the frame; and lunar egress, showing the diamond-ring effect on the Sun's right side, as the Moon moves off and uncovers the solar disk. (Note: This is the diamond-ring effect.)
The other telescope was set up for a live-video feed via Zoom. Despite a touchy Wi-Fi signal with the video camera, no available Internet connectivity, and a shaky Zoom connection, the eclipse was still viewed by others in the immediate Midwest.
In general, during that brief interlude of eclipse darkness the sky's appearance changes. Though darkness sweeps in, it's not the inky blackness of nighttime; rather, the sky around the eclipsed Sun can take on a hue of deep blue (or even purple) with shades of gray mixed in as well. If the sky at an eclipse location appears clear (with no clouds), the actual physical color of the daytime sky (as seen from within the Moon's shadow) may likely depend a variety of factors, such as the presence of aerosols (like windblown dust or particulate pollution), the amount of the air's water vapor, and the level of natural scattering of diffuse sunlight.
And unlike nighttime (or even nautical twilight), the entire horizon (a full 360 degrees) was all lit up, as if sunrise were to occur everywhere at once. That's a unique effect only seen from within the shadow of the Moon during a total solar eclipse. From this eclipse location in West Frankfort, IL, the sky appeared as the color of indigo, a pleasing blue hue with a touch of violet.
Tremendous to see such a grand spectacle of nature!
In general, during that brief interlude of eclipse darkness the sky's appearance changes. Though darkness sweeps in, it's not the inky blackness of nighttime; rather, the sky around the eclipsed Sun can take on a hue of deep blue (or even purple) with shades of gray mixed in as well. If the sky at an eclipse location appears clear (with no clouds), the actual physical color of the daytime sky (as seen from within the Moon's shadow) may likely depend a variety of factors, such as the presence of aerosols (like windblown dust or particulate pollution), the amount of the air's water vapor, and the level of natural scattering of diffuse sunlight.
And unlike nighttime (or even nautical twilight), the entire horizon (a full 360 degrees) was all lit up, as if sunrise were to occur everywhere at once. That's a unique effect only seen from within the shadow of the Moon during a total solar eclipse. From this eclipse location in West Frankfort, IL, the sky appeared as the color of indigo, a pleasing blue hue with a touch of violet.
Tremendous to see such a grand spectacle of nature!
Sky Roundup Almanac for April 2024
Apr. 01: Last Quarter Moon at 15:14 UTC (or, 10:14 a. m. CDT on 04/01).
Apr. 08: New Moon at 18:20 UTC (or, 1:20 p. m. CDT on 04/8). Total solar eclipse over North America!
Apr. 15: First Quarter Moon at 19:13 UTC (or, 2:13 p. m. CDT on 04/15).
Apr. 23: Full Moon at 23:48 UTC (or, 6:48 p. m. CDT on 04/23).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Apr. 08: New Moon at 18:20 UTC (or, 1:20 p. m. CDT on 04/8). Total solar eclipse over North America!
Apr. 15: First Quarter Moon at 19:13 UTC (or, 2:13 p. m. CDT on 04/15).
Apr. 23: Full Moon at 23:48 UTC (or, 6:48 p. m. CDT on 04/23).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Spring Forth
Astronomical highlights for the month of March 2024
A short installment for this important month, as we look ahead to the Vernal Equinox, the start of the Spring season, and the rising of the visible constellations of Spring. As we emerge from chilly nights this current Winter season, we see that the days gradually lengthen as we make our way to the season of Spring.
Note, too, that of Spring, the Vernal Equinox will begin on March 19 this year. While we may be used to hearing that Spring starts on March 21st, that is no longer the case for now; that is, Spring will not begin on March 21st at any time in the 21st century!
Also, with the change of season to Spring coming up, one may note that robins (often a folklore sign of the approaching season of Spring) apparently never left the area this past Winter. The American Robin is known to migrate to warmer areas during Midwestern winters, but not always (see this link). Apparently, the species (and its sub-species) can readily adapt to seasonal conditions; but, its own migratory urge will be dictated by local weather and availability of food, or, that urge may not even kick in every year.
In this month, Pale Saturn (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) heads to the western horizon at sunset, lost on the glare of the Sun. Large bright-white Jupiter (in Aries, the Ram) still dominates the night sky and sets by midnight.
Also in this month, brilliant white Venus, orangey Mars, and small Mercury are lost in the glare of the Sun at the start of the month; by month’s end, Venus and Mars rise in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) ahead of the Sun in the eastern sky before sunrise, while Mercury emerges into evening twilight after sunset in Pisces (the Fishes) in the western sky.
While we still emerge from Winter’s chill, a few warm days before the astronomical start of Spring are certainly not unusual, and may even induce buds and blossoms to spring forth. Let’s be like those early daytime flora and let our nighttime observing equipment spring forth as well!
Note, too, that of Spring, the Vernal Equinox will begin on March 19 this year. While we may be used to hearing that Spring starts on March 21st, that is no longer the case for now; that is, Spring will not begin on March 21st at any time in the 21st century!
Also, with the change of season to Spring coming up, one may note that robins (often a folklore sign of the approaching season of Spring) apparently never left the area this past Winter. The American Robin is known to migrate to warmer areas during Midwestern winters, but not always (see this link). Apparently, the species (and its sub-species) can readily adapt to seasonal conditions; but, its own migratory urge will be dictated by local weather and availability of food, or, that urge may not even kick in every year.
In this month, Pale Saturn (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) heads to the western horizon at sunset, lost on the glare of the Sun. Large bright-white Jupiter (in Aries, the Ram) still dominates the night sky and sets by midnight.
Also in this month, brilliant white Venus, orangey Mars, and small Mercury are lost in the glare of the Sun at the start of the month; by month’s end, Venus and Mars rise in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) ahead of the Sun in the eastern sky before sunrise, while Mercury emerges into evening twilight after sunset in Pisces (the Fishes) in the western sky.
While we still emerge from Winter’s chill, a few warm days before the astronomical start of Spring are certainly not unusual, and may even induce buds and blossoms to spring forth. Let’s be like those early daytime flora and let our nighttime observing equipment spring forth as well!
Sky Roundup Almanac for March 2024
Mar. 03: Last Quarter Moon at 10:23 UTC (or, 5:23 a. m. CDT on 03/03).
Mar. 10: New Moon at 9:00 UTC (or, 4:00 a. m. CDT on 03/10).
Mar. 16: First Quarter Moon at 4:10 UTC (or, 11:10 p. m. CDT on 03/16).
Mar. 19: First day of Spring! Vernal Equinox, at 3:06 UTC (or, 11:06 p. m. CDT on 03/19).
Mar. 25: Full Moon at 7:00 UTC (or, 2:00 a. m. CDT on 03/25).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Mar. 10: New Moon at 9:00 UTC (or, 4:00 a. m. CDT on 03/10).
Mar. 16: First Quarter Moon at 4:10 UTC (or, 11:10 p. m. CDT on 03/16).
Mar. 19: First day of Spring! Vernal Equinox, at 3:06 UTC (or, 11:06 p. m. CDT on 03/19).
Mar. 25: Full Moon at 7:00 UTC (or, 2:00 a. m. CDT on 03/25).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Short Month, Long Nights, Extra Day
Astronomical highlights for the month of February 2024
A short installment for a short month month, but no less important, starts us thinking that the the Winter stars and constellations will begin to give way to the constellations of Spring. While the nights are still long for this current Winter season, the days are gradually lengthening as we make our way to the season of Spring.
To get a sneak preview of coming attractions, the constellations seen in the morning sky now before dawn are the same to be seen in the evening sky after sunset one season hence. So the star patterns of Spring are available to see now, before sunup. Get up early and get a good look.
Like last month, pale Saturn (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) heads to the western horizon by sunset, while large bright-white Jupiter (in Aries, the Ram) still dominates the night sky and just past due south at sunset. Saturn sets before midnight; Jupiter sets well before dawn.
In this month, brilliant white Venus, orangey Mars, and small Mercury (all in Sagittarius, the Archer), rise in a line just ahead of the Sun and close to the horizon.
For this month of February, while the full phase of the Moon is known as the Full Snow Moon, this month's New Moon phase (which isn't usually seen in that phase, except during a total polar eclipse) occurs at the Moon's perigee; that is, when it's closest to Earth in its monthly orbit around Earth. When the Moon's perigee coincides with its New Moon phase, then that can result in proxigean spring tides, which are high tides slightly higher than may be expected.
On a calendrical note, this year of 2024 is a leap year (so, an extra day is tacked on the end of February). As to the reason for a calendar's leap year, it was first seen historically as a necessity in the Julian calendar and later as a refinement in the Gregorian calendar. That is, under the Julian calendar leap years were those year-numerals evenly divided by four, whereas the Gregorian calendar refined the leap-year definition so that years ending in double-zeroes also needed to be divisible evenly by 400 to be considered a leap year.
So, we complete this month with the date of February 29th, a short month not as short as usual, at least for this year. Use that extra day for another night of observing!
To get a sneak preview of coming attractions, the constellations seen in the morning sky now before dawn are the same to be seen in the evening sky after sunset one season hence. So the star patterns of Spring are available to see now, before sunup. Get up early and get a good look.
Like last month, pale Saturn (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) heads to the western horizon by sunset, while large bright-white Jupiter (in Aries, the Ram) still dominates the night sky and just past due south at sunset. Saturn sets before midnight; Jupiter sets well before dawn.
In this month, brilliant white Venus, orangey Mars, and small Mercury (all in Sagittarius, the Archer), rise in a line just ahead of the Sun and close to the horizon.
For this month of February, while the full phase of the Moon is known as the Full Snow Moon, this month's New Moon phase (which isn't usually seen in that phase, except during a total polar eclipse) occurs at the Moon's perigee; that is, when it's closest to Earth in its monthly orbit around Earth. When the Moon's perigee coincides with its New Moon phase, then that can result in proxigean spring tides, which are high tides slightly higher than may be expected.
On a calendrical note, this year of 2024 is a leap year (so, an extra day is tacked on the end of February). As to the reason for a calendar's leap year, it was first seen historically as a necessity in the Julian calendar and later as a refinement in the Gregorian calendar. That is, under the Julian calendar leap years were those year-numerals evenly divided by four, whereas the Gregorian calendar refined the leap-year definition so that years ending in double-zeroes also needed to be divisible evenly by 400 to be considered a leap year.
So, we complete this month with the date of February 29th, a short month not as short as usual, at least for this year. Use that extra day for another night of observing!
Sky Roundup Almanac for February 2024
Feb. 02: Last Quarter Moon at 23:18 UTC (or, 5:18 p. m. CST on 02/02).
Feb. 09: New Moon at 22:59 UTC (or, 4:59 p. m. CST on 02/09).
Feb. 16: First Quarter Moon at 15:00 UTC (or, 9:00 a. m. CST on 02/16).
Feb. 24: Full Moon at 12:30 UTC (or, 6:30 a. m. CST on 02/24).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Feb. 09: New Moon at 22:59 UTC (or, 4:59 p. m. CST on 02/09).
Feb. 16: First Quarter Moon at 15:00 UTC (or, 9:00 a. m. CST on 02/16).
Feb. 24: Full Moon at 12:30 UTC (or, 6:30 a. m. CST on 02/24).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
With a New Year Here, Make Time to Look Up
Astronomical highlights for the month of January 2024
This month’s quick installment invites us to start off the New Year on a vigilant note; that is, looking for Winter stars and constellations, when clouds don’t block our view of the night sky.
As the month progresses, Saturn (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) heads to western horizon the by sunset, while large bright-white Jupiter (in Aries, the Ram) dominates the night sky and is at least due south at sunset. Saturn sets before midnight; Jupiter sets well before dawn.
In this month, small Mercury (in Ophiuchus, the Serpent-Handler) appears in the morning sky before sunrise, close to the horizon. Brilliant white Venus (in Scorpius, the Scorpion) gleams in the east-southeast in pre-dawn skies. Reddish Mars remains lost in its glare of the Sun all this month.
For this month of January, the old Celtic name for the Moon is the Full Wolf Moon. Owing to the pack nature of these carnivores, one might hear them howling in the night, on the prowl for winter game. Alternate names to this month’s full phase include the Celtic Quiet Moon or the Anglo-Saxon Moon After Yule or the Native American Severe Moon.
With the New Year upon us, we get a new chance to view the night sky; let’s get outdoors and look up.
As the month progresses, Saturn (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) heads to western horizon the by sunset, while large bright-white Jupiter (in Aries, the Ram) dominates the night sky and is at least due south at sunset. Saturn sets before midnight; Jupiter sets well before dawn.
In this month, small Mercury (in Ophiuchus, the Serpent-Handler) appears in the morning sky before sunrise, close to the horizon. Brilliant white Venus (in Scorpius, the Scorpion) gleams in the east-southeast in pre-dawn skies. Reddish Mars remains lost in its glare of the Sun all this month.
For this month of January, the old Celtic name for the Moon is the Full Wolf Moon. Owing to the pack nature of these carnivores, one might hear them howling in the night, on the prowl for winter game. Alternate names to this month’s full phase include the Celtic Quiet Moon or the Anglo-Saxon Moon After Yule or the Native American Severe Moon.
With the New Year upon us, we get a new chance to view the night sky; let’s get outdoors and look up.
Sky Roundup Almanac for January 2024
Jan. 03: Last Quarter Moon at 3:30 UTC (or, 9:30 p. m. CST on 01/03).
Jan. 11: New Moon at 11:57 UTC (or, 5:57 a. m. CST on 01/11).
Jan. 17: First Quarter Moon at 3:52 UTC (or, 9:52 p. m. CST on 01/17).
Jan. 25: Full Moon at 17:54 UTC (or, 11:54 a. m. CST on 01/25).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Jan. 11: New Moon at 11:57 UTC (or, 5:57 a. m. CST on 01/11).
Jan. 17: First Quarter Moon at 3:52 UTC (or, 9:52 p. m. CST on 01/17).
Jan. 25: Full Moon at 17:54 UTC (or, 11:54 a. m. CST on 01/25).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
The Night Before Christmas
Astronomical highlights for the month of December 2023
Since 2009, Roy Kaelin’s installment of Sky Roundup for December has started with his parody of "A Visit of St. Nicholas" and that little tradition continues this year. With apologies to Clement Clark Moore.
'Twas the night before Christmas,
When all through his house
A stargazer was stirring, clicking his mouse;
His mounting set up in the backyard with care,
In hopes that clearing skies soon would be there.
He could’ve been nestled all snug in his bed,
But visions of nebulae danced in his head;
And grabbing a kerchief to dust a lens from its cap,
He caffeined his brain to shun a long winter’s nap--
When out on the lawn there arose such a clatter,
He sprang from his chair to see what was the matter:
Away to his set-up he flew like a flash,
Hoping his ‘scope didn’t loosen and crash.
The moon, on the breast of new-fallen snow,
Gave a luster of mid-day to objects, ya’ know:
When, what to his wandering eyes should appear,
But a case full of eyepieces amid his old gear;
Fellow geeks always bought these, so lively and quick,
He knew in a moment they’d all be heartsick.
More lenses he now owned and savored his claim,
And he whistled, and shouted, and called them by name--
“Now, Brandon! now, Nagler! now, Ethos! and Vixen!
No coma! Flat fields! Star parties I’m blitzin’;
To the top of each planet, to the top of Straight Wall,
I’ll dash to see nebulae, faraway all!”
He gathered his new gear, so pleased he might cry,
And carried all to his ‘scope, its mount to the sky,
So, up past his house-top his ‘scope aimed anew,
A case full of lenses—and such neat stuff too.
With stars all a-twinkling from heat off the roof,
The night sky unveiled its warp and its woof;
As he drew up a chair, and was turning around,
Down next to his ‘scope the ‘gazer came with a bound.
His parka lined in fur
From his head to his foot,
And his clothes came all furnished
With pockets to boot:
This new bunch of toys
He now kept near his back,
And he thrilled like a youngster
As he opened his pack;
His eyes how they twinkled!
Each eyepiece how merry--
Were just what he wanted,
Whence they came he was wary;
Ev’ry ocular gleamed
Each drawn up with a bow,
Who could’ve left them and
Left no tracks in the snow?
He thought for a bit
Of this season of year,
And thought it unlikely he’d
Earned such good cheer.
Still he was thankful
And humbled quite by it;
He vowed to do better
And stay on a diet.
He was chubby and plump--
His right jolly old self;
From too much late snacking
In spite of himself.
A wink of his eye,
And a twist of his head,
Soon gave him to know
Where each eyepiece might thread.
He spoke not a word,
But went straight to his work,
And logged all his sightings:
Then turned with a jerk,
And laying his pencil
Aside of his prose,
And giving a nod,
To his warm room he rose.
He sprang to its desk,
Jotted notes in a whistle,
And away he then flew
To look through a Plössl:
But all heard him exclaim
Ere he gazed in the night,
"Merry Christmas to all,
And to all A Clear Night."
'Twas the night before Christmas,
When all through his house
A stargazer was stirring, clicking his mouse;
His mounting set up in the backyard with care,
In hopes that clearing skies soon would be there.
He could’ve been nestled all snug in his bed,
But visions of nebulae danced in his head;
And grabbing a kerchief to dust a lens from its cap,
He caffeined his brain to shun a long winter’s nap--
When out on the lawn there arose such a clatter,
He sprang from his chair to see what was the matter:
Away to his set-up he flew like a flash,
Hoping his ‘scope didn’t loosen and crash.
The moon, on the breast of new-fallen snow,
Gave a luster of mid-day to objects, ya’ know:
When, what to his wandering eyes should appear,
But a case full of eyepieces amid his old gear;
Fellow geeks always bought these, so lively and quick,
He knew in a moment they’d all be heartsick.
More lenses he now owned and savored his claim,
And he whistled, and shouted, and called them by name--
“Now, Brandon! now, Nagler! now, Ethos! and Vixen!
No coma! Flat fields! Star parties I’m blitzin’;
To the top of each planet, to the top of Straight Wall,
I’ll dash to see nebulae, faraway all!”
He gathered his new gear, so pleased he might cry,
And carried all to his ‘scope, its mount to the sky,
So, up past his house-top his ‘scope aimed anew,
A case full of lenses—and such neat stuff too.
With stars all a-twinkling from heat off the roof,
The night sky unveiled its warp and its woof;
As he drew up a chair, and was turning around,
Down next to his ‘scope the ‘gazer came with a bound.
His parka lined in fur
From his head to his foot,
And his clothes came all furnished
With pockets to boot:
This new bunch of toys
He now kept near his back,
And he thrilled like a youngster
As he opened his pack;
His eyes how they twinkled!
Each eyepiece how merry--
Were just what he wanted,
Whence they came he was wary;
Ev’ry ocular gleamed
Each drawn up with a bow,
Who could’ve left them and
Left no tracks in the snow?
He thought for a bit
Of this season of year,
And thought it unlikely he’d
Earned such good cheer.
Still he was thankful
And humbled quite by it;
He vowed to do better
And stay on a diet.
He was chubby and plump--
His right jolly old self;
From too much late snacking
In spite of himself.
A wink of his eye,
And a twist of his head,
Soon gave him to know
Where each eyepiece might thread.
He spoke not a word,
But went straight to his work,
And logged all his sightings:
Then turned with a jerk,
And laying his pencil
Aside of his prose,
And giving a nod,
To his warm room he rose.
He sprang to its desk,
Jotted notes in a whistle,
And away he then flew
To look through a Plössl:
But all heard him exclaim
Ere he gazed in the night,
"Merry Christmas to all,
And to all A Clear Night."
Sky Roundup Almanac for December 2023
Dec. 04: Last Quarter Moon at 5:49 UTC (or, 11:49 p. m. CST on 12/04).
Dec. 12: New Moon at 23:32 UTC (or, 5:32 p. m. CST on 12/12).
Dec. 19: First Quarter Moon at 18:39 UTC (or, 12:39 p. m. CST on 12/19).
Dec. 21: First day of Winter, the Winter Solstice at 3:27 UTC (or, 9:27 p. m. CST on 12/21).
Dec 26: Full Moon at 00:33 UTC (or, 6:33 p. m. CST on 12/26).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Dec. 12: New Moon at 23:32 UTC (or, 5:32 p. m. CST on 12/12).
Dec. 19: First Quarter Moon at 18:39 UTC (or, 12:39 p. m. CST on 12/19).
Dec. 21: First day of Winter, the Winter Solstice at 3:27 UTC (or, 9:27 p. m. CST on 12/21).
Dec 26: Full Moon at 00:33 UTC (or, 6:33 p. m. CST on 12/26).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for November
Astronomical highlights for the month of November 2023
Thankful for Clear Skies
This month’s installment is short and to the point. With a national holiday of Thanksgiving as a poignant historical reminder of our founding past and the main cultural event this month in this country, one ought to be, and needs to be, thankful for the bounty of many traditions worth observing, including the bounty of observations one has had the chance to do throughout this Autumn season. That is, the latter Summer months and early Fall months have been, from a meteorological perspective, a classic rollout of fine weather across most of the great Midwest.
Clear nights and seasonally reasonable temperatures have added greatly to the enjoyment of the night skies, at least from viewpoint of this monthly column, which seeks to encourage nightly observations and portray the night sky as the main cultural event every night among avid and casual observers.
One recurring event in November is the annual Leonid meteor shower, which peaks just past the middle of the month. Known in the past for its occasional and prodigious shower of many meteors, the Leonids at present produce a modest hourly rate for those willing to brave a chilly November night to look for them.
For this month of November, the native and colonial name name for the Moon is the Full Beaver Moon. Owing to the industriousness of these mammoth rodents at building their river lodges, this month’s full phase of the Moon reminds us that, as the season of Winter approaches, we need to ready our own lodge for the cold ahead. Alternate names for this month’s full phase include the Freezing Moon and the Frost Moon.
As Autumn progresses, Saturn (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) heads to the southwest by midnight, while large bright-white Jupiter (in Aries, the Ram) dominates the night sky and is due southwest at sunset. Both set before dawn.
In this month, small Mercury (in Ophiuchus, the Serpent-Handler) crosses into the evening sky from last month, but stays in the Sun’s glare for most of this month. Brilliant white Venus (in Virgo, the Maiden) gleams in the east-southeast in pre-dawn skies. Reddish Mars remains lost in its glare of the Sun all this month.
As skies stay clear and we raise our gaze skyward, there’s much this month for which to be thankful, to see and observe in the heavens.
Clear nights and seasonally reasonable temperatures have added greatly to the enjoyment of the night skies, at least from viewpoint of this monthly column, which seeks to encourage nightly observations and portray the night sky as the main cultural event every night among avid and casual observers.
One recurring event in November is the annual Leonid meteor shower, which peaks just past the middle of the month. Known in the past for its occasional and prodigious shower of many meteors, the Leonids at present produce a modest hourly rate for those willing to brave a chilly November night to look for them.
For this month of November, the native and colonial name name for the Moon is the Full Beaver Moon. Owing to the industriousness of these mammoth rodents at building their river lodges, this month’s full phase of the Moon reminds us that, as the season of Winter approaches, we need to ready our own lodge for the cold ahead. Alternate names for this month’s full phase include the Freezing Moon and the Frost Moon.
As Autumn progresses, Saturn (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) heads to the southwest by midnight, while large bright-white Jupiter (in Aries, the Ram) dominates the night sky and is due southwest at sunset. Both set before dawn.
In this month, small Mercury (in Ophiuchus, the Serpent-Handler) crosses into the evening sky from last month, but stays in the Sun’s glare for most of this month. Brilliant white Venus (in Virgo, the Maiden) gleams in the east-southeast in pre-dawn skies. Reddish Mars remains lost in its glare of the Sun all this month.
As skies stay clear and we raise our gaze skyward, there’s much this month for which to be thankful, to see and observe in the heavens.
Sky Roundup Almanac for November 2023
Nov. 05: Last Quarter Moon at 20:36 UTC (or, 2:36 a. m. CST on 11/05).
Nov. 13: New Moon at 21:27 UTC (or, 3:27 a. m. CST on 11/13).
Nov. 17: Approximate peak of the Leonid meteor shower.
Nov. 20: First Quarter Moon at 22:49 UTC (or, 4:49 a. m. CST on 11/20).
Nov 27: Full Moon at 21:16 UTC (or, 3:16 a. m. CST on 11/27).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Nov. 13: New Moon at 21:27 UTC (or, 3:27 a. m. CST on 11/13).
Nov. 17: Approximate peak of the Leonid meteor shower.
Nov. 20: First Quarter Moon at 22:49 UTC (or, 4:49 a. m. CST on 11/20).
Nov 27: Full Moon at 21:16 UTC (or, 3:16 a. m. CST on 11/27).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for October
Astronomical highlights for the month of October 2023
Fall About
Now that the season of Autumn has begun by the astronomical calendar, its progression for the next three months will see the nighttime constellations of Summer disappear below the western horizon after sunset and nighttime constellations of Winter appear before sunrise.
That’s the way it always works from season-to-season: If you want to see what will be the evening constellations one season hence, then rise before sunup and view the pre-dawn sky. So in the evening sky over the coming months, the Summer Triangle (comprised of the stars Deneb, Lyra, and Altair of the constellations Cygnus, Lyra, and Aquila) will gradually dip out of sight in the west while Orion and Perseus will rise earlier and earlier in the east.
In this season of Autumn we will be treated to an unusual solar eclipse, an annular eclipse on October 14, though for observers in the great Midwest, its appearance will be only partial. The shadow of the Moon will fall across the western USA; but, in an annular eclipse, the Moon’s apparent width as seen in the sky does not cover the Sun completely, hence only a ring, or annulus, of sunlight will be visible around the circular silhouette of the Moon.
Here are two safe ways to see that partial eclipse: by looking for it on the ground, or, by looking at it through a welder's faceplate.
That is, during a partial solar eclipse, the Moon only blocks a portion of the Sun (as we'll have the chance to see in October); so, an uncommon "crescent Sun" is visible. Look for crescent suns on the ground, where sunlight filters through the leaves of trees or through objects that have small holes. At this link is an example of what you might see.
One can also use a #14 welder’s glass (and only #14 glass, since other shades don't block out enough sunlight) to view the partial eclipse we can see here. A faceplate may be available from a plumbing supply outlet (like Airgas; store locator at this link). Use it briefly; of course don't stare at the Sun, even with a faceplate.
For this month of October, the traditional name for the Moon, especially the full phase one month after the start of Fall, is known as the Hunter Moon. It gets this name for the extra light at night, to allow hunters to gather and add game to the inventory of provisions for the coming Winter season. And with every solar eclipse, there must be a lunar eclipse, either two weeks before or after; a partial lunar eclipse is on tap on October 28, but will not be at all visible across the Midwest.
As we watch Fall skies, Saturn (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) rises earlier and earlier, then head to the southwest by midnight, while large bright-white Jupiter (in Aries, the Ram) is due southwest.
In morning twilight, tiny pinkish Mercury (in Leo, the Lion) rises just before sunrise, while brilliant white Venus (in Cancer, the Crab) already has emerged in our morning sky well before sunup. By contrast, small ruddy Mars (in Virgo, the Maiden) appears close to the Sun, lost in its glare, at sundown and is not readily visible this month.
As we say so long to the season of Summer this month, we watch our step so not to trip, and plunge headlong into Fall.
That’s the way it always works from season-to-season: If you want to see what will be the evening constellations one season hence, then rise before sunup and view the pre-dawn sky. So in the evening sky over the coming months, the Summer Triangle (comprised of the stars Deneb, Lyra, and Altair of the constellations Cygnus, Lyra, and Aquila) will gradually dip out of sight in the west while Orion and Perseus will rise earlier and earlier in the east.
In this season of Autumn we will be treated to an unusual solar eclipse, an annular eclipse on October 14, though for observers in the great Midwest, its appearance will be only partial. The shadow of the Moon will fall across the western USA; but, in an annular eclipse, the Moon’s apparent width as seen in the sky does not cover the Sun completely, hence only a ring, or annulus, of sunlight will be visible around the circular silhouette of the Moon.
Here are two safe ways to see that partial eclipse: by looking for it on the ground, or, by looking at it through a welder's faceplate.
That is, during a partial solar eclipse, the Moon only blocks a portion of the Sun (as we'll have the chance to see in October); so, an uncommon "crescent Sun" is visible. Look for crescent suns on the ground, where sunlight filters through the leaves of trees or through objects that have small holes. At this link is an example of what you might see.
One can also use a #14 welder’s glass (and only #14 glass, since other shades don't block out enough sunlight) to view the partial eclipse we can see here. A faceplate may be available from a plumbing supply outlet (like Airgas; store locator at this link). Use it briefly; of course don't stare at the Sun, even with a faceplate.
For this month of October, the traditional name for the Moon, especially the full phase one month after the start of Fall, is known as the Hunter Moon. It gets this name for the extra light at night, to allow hunters to gather and add game to the inventory of provisions for the coming Winter season. And with every solar eclipse, there must be a lunar eclipse, either two weeks before or after; a partial lunar eclipse is on tap on October 28, but will not be at all visible across the Midwest.
As we watch Fall skies, Saturn (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) rises earlier and earlier, then head to the southwest by midnight, while large bright-white Jupiter (in Aries, the Ram) is due southwest.
In morning twilight, tiny pinkish Mercury (in Leo, the Lion) rises just before sunrise, while brilliant white Venus (in Cancer, the Crab) already has emerged in our morning sky well before sunup. By contrast, small ruddy Mars (in Virgo, the Maiden) appears close to the Sun, lost in its glare, at sundown and is not readily visible this month.
As we say so long to the season of Summer this month, we watch our step so not to trip, and plunge headlong into Fall.
Sky Roundup Almanac for October 2023
Oct. 06: Last Quarter Moon at 14:47 UTC (or, 8:47 a. m. CDT on 10/06).
Oct. 14: New Moon at 17:55 UTC (or, 12:55 p. m. CDT on 10/14). Annular eclipse, but partial in Midwest.
Oct. 21: First Quarter Moon at 3:29 UTC (or, 10:29 p. m. CDT on 10/21).
Oct. 28: Full Moon at 20:24 UTC (or, 3:24 p. m. CDT on 10/28). A Hunter’s Moon!
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Oct. 14: New Moon at 17:55 UTC (or, 12:55 p. m. CDT on 10/14). Annular eclipse, but partial in Midwest.
Oct. 21: First Quarter Moon at 3:29 UTC (or, 10:29 p. m. CDT on 10/21).
Oct. 28: Full Moon at 20:24 UTC (or, 3:24 p. m. CDT on 10/28). A Hunter’s Moon!
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for September
Astronomical highlights for the month of September 2023
Summer Trips into Fall
For Summer comes at its unofficial end, say pundits in various media, by Labor Day. But sky observers know that the start of Autumn begins with the Autumnal Equinox, when the Sun makes its usual trip and crosses the celestial equator, moving from north to south. (Go to this link for a demo in Javascript, that you can manipulate on-screen.)
So, in the coming months, the Sun appears lower in the sky than in Summer for those in the Northern Hemisphere and higher in the sky for those in the Southern Hemipshere. Though we’re using same modern astronomical calendar, for those residing north of Equator we head toward our season of Winter while those residing south of the Equator head for their season of Summer.
As presented in this column last month, look for the zodiacal light this month. That is, if one is outside before sunup late this Summer and in early Autumn under a clear sky away from modern outdoor lighting, one might chance to witness this phenomenon, in appearance both eerie and eminent, known as the "false dawn". By the way, that same solemn wedge of light appearing before sunrise in Fall (or, similarly, but after sunset in Spring, aka the "false dusk"), the zodiacal light is our view of meteor dust and debris littering the plane of Earth's orbit.
And while it is still high in the sky this month, be sure to scan the Milky Way, a remarkable sight when seen in truly dark skies. It’s remarkable because with so much modern lighting, we miss out on viewing of a truly splendid and rich stretch of stars across the sky.
Note, too, that when looking at it you're seeing out through the very edge of our home galaxy, poetically termed the Milky Way. Embedded within it are nebulas, clouds of gas lit by stars, all of which can be viewed with a good, steady binocular. Like last month, here, too, at this link is a detailed guide to the splendors of the Milky Way.
For this month of September, the traditional name for the Moon, especially the full phase closest to the start of Fall, is known as the Harvest Moon. It gets this name due to the shallow angle of the Moon’s rise relative to our local horizon, by which we see the Moon rise earlier than usual at this time of year, as it makes its daily trips above level ground around that full phase.
That relative early rise allowed farmers some extra light after sunset by which to harvest their crops, hence the Moon’s traditional name. At its rise, too, that Harvest Moon may appear large and reddish, owing to dust and aerosols in the air and an illusion of its size relative to objects close to the horizon.
This past August, due in part to its length of 31 days, there were two Full Moons; one on August 1, the other on August 30-31. Coincidentally, that second Full Moon (popularly known as a Blue Moon, though its actual definition is a bit more nuanced) was also a so-called Supermoon. As a follow-up to that neat phenomenon, an image of that Super Blue Sturgeon Moon (shown below) was taken through a homebuilt Newtonian telescope of 10-inch aperture and f/5 focal ratio, at 64x, with a cell phone held up to the scope’s eyepiece.
So, in the coming months, the Sun appears lower in the sky than in Summer for those in the Northern Hemisphere and higher in the sky for those in the Southern Hemipshere. Though we’re using same modern astronomical calendar, for those residing north of Equator we head toward our season of Winter while those residing south of the Equator head for their season of Summer.
As presented in this column last month, look for the zodiacal light this month. That is, if one is outside before sunup late this Summer and in early Autumn under a clear sky away from modern outdoor lighting, one might chance to witness this phenomenon, in appearance both eerie and eminent, known as the "false dawn". By the way, that same solemn wedge of light appearing before sunrise in Fall (or, similarly, but after sunset in Spring, aka the "false dusk"), the zodiacal light is our view of meteor dust and debris littering the plane of Earth's orbit.
And while it is still high in the sky this month, be sure to scan the Milky Way, a remarkable sight when seen in truly dark skies. It’s remarkable because with so much modern lighting, we miss out on viewing of a truly splendid and rich stretch of stars across the sky.
Note, too, that when looking at it you're seeing out through the very edge of our home galaxy, poetically termed the Milky Way. Embedded within it are nebulas, clouds of gas lit by stars, all of which can be viewed with a good, steady binocular. Like last month, here, too, at this link is a detailed guide to the splendors of the Milky Way.
For this month of September, the traditional name for the Moon, especially the full phase closest to the start of Fall, is known as the Harvest Moon. It gets this name due to the shallow angle of the Moon’s rise relative to our local horizon, by which we see the Moon rise earlier than usual at this time of year, as it makes its daily trips above level ground around that full phase.
That relative early rise allowed farmers some extra light after sunset by which to harvest their crops, hence the Moon’s traditional name. At its rise, too, that Harvest Moon may appear large and reddish, owing to dust and aerosols in the air and an illusion of its size relative to objects close to the horizon.
This past August, due in part to its length of 31 days, there were two Full Moons; one on August 1, the other on August 30-31. Coincidentally, that second Full Moon (popularly known as a Blue Moon, though its actual definition is a bit more nuanced) was also a so-called Supermoon. As a follow-up to that neat phenomenon, an image of that Super Blue Sturgeon Moon (shown below) was taken through a homebuilt Newtonian telescope of 10-inch aperture and f/5 focal ratio, at 64x, with a cell phone held up to the scope’s eyepiece.
As we make our astronomical way to Autumn, we also watch the planets continue their trips across the sky this month. At the start of September by dawn, ringed yellow-white Saturn (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) is headed to the southwest to set, while large bright-white Jupiter (in Aries, the Ram) is due southwest.
In morning twilight, tiny pinkish Mercury (in Leo, the Lion) rises just before sunrise, while brilliant white Venus (in Cancer, the Crab) already has emerged in our morning sky well before sunup. By contrast, small ruddy Mars (in Virgo, the Maiden) appears close to the Sun, lost in its glare, at sundown and is not readily visible this month.
As we say so long to the season of Summer this month, we watch our step so not to trip, and plunge headlong into Fall.
In morning twilight, tiny pinkish Mercury (in Leo, the Lion) rises just before sunrise, while brilliant white Venus (in Cancer, the Crab) already has emerged in our morning sky well before sunup. By contrast, small ruddy Mars (in Virgo, the Maiden) appears close to the Sun, lost in its glare, at sundown and is not readily visible this month.
As we say so long to the season of Summer this month, we watch our step so not to trip, and plunge headlong into Fall.
Sky Roundup Almanac for September 2023
Sept. 06: Last Quarter Moon at 22:21 UTC (or, 5:21 p. m. CDT on 09/06).
Sept. 14: New Moon at 1:39 UTC (or, 8:39 p. m. CDT on 09/14).
Sept. 22: First Quarter Moon at 19:31 UTC (or, 2:31 p. m. CDT on 09/22).
Sept. 23: The Autumnal Equinox at 18:50 UTC (or, 1:50 a. m. CDT) The first day of Fall!
Sept. 29: Full Moon at 9:57 UTC (or, 4:57 a. m. CDT on 09/29). Harvest Moon!
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sept. 14: New Moon at 1:39 UTC (or, 8:39 p. m. CDT on 09/14).
Sept. 22: First Quarter Moon at 19:31 UTC (or, 2:31 p. m. CDT on 09/22).
Sept. 23: The Autumnal Equinox at 18:50 UTC (or, 1:50 a. m. CDT) The first day of Fall!
Sept. 29: Full Moon at 9:57 UTC (or, 4:57 a. m. CDT on 09/29). Harvest Moon!
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for August
Astronomical highlights for the month of August 2023
An August Month
For this monthly column, in June it was the Moon; in July it was no lie, but the Sun.
And while every month highlights the planets we see in our night sky, this month’s column looks first within Earth’s atmosphere for an annual celestial treat known as the Perseid meteor shower; then, out to the Solar System for a seasonal phenomenon known as the zodiacal light; then, out to the very edge of our home galaxy, called the Milky Way.
On or about August 11-12 every year, the Perseid meteor shower makes its appearance. Names for meteor showers derive from the name of the constellation out of which meteors appear to radiate; so, as seen from Earth, the Perseids (PURR-see-ids) seem to originate from the star pattern of Perseus, which rises after midnight at this time and season of the year (but which also rises into our early evening sky by this Autumn).
Such showers are the result of Earth's passage through a field of dusty debris left in the wake of a passing comet that crosses the orbit of Earth around the Sun. (The source for the annual Perseid meteor shower is Comet Swift-Tuttle.) That debris hits Earth's upper atmosphere at high speed (several miles per second); the debris (perhaps the size of dust motes up to that of a rice grain) collides with air, heats up by friction, but also ionizes the air due to the debris' high speed of entry.
A trail of ionized gas results. It's that glowing streak of the meteor's ionized trail (aka the "shooting star") that we see blazing across the night sky. Away from city lights and after midnight in a clear pre-dawn sky will be the best advantages to view such a stately shower as the Perseids (at this link), noted for its occasional and bright fireballs.
If one is outside before sunup late this Summer and in early Autumn under a clear sky away from modern outdoor lighting, one might chance to witness a phenomenon, in appearance both eerie and eminent, known as the zodiacal light, aka the "false dawn". A solemn wedge of light that appears before sunrise in Fall (or, similarly, but after sunset in Spring, aka the "false dusk"), the zodiacal light is our view of all that meteor dust and debris in the plane of Earth's orbit.
High in the sky in summertime stretches the Milky Way from horizon to horizon, a glorious sight when seen in truly dark skies; when looking at it you're seeing out through the very edge of our home galaxy, called the Milky Way. Embedded within it are nebulas, clouds of gas lit by stars, all of which can be viewed with a good, steady binocular. At this link is a detailed guide. The Milky Way also makes for a splendid chance to practice astrophotography.
Good things to see in the night sky this August before we head into Fall next month, but let’s not forget that august orb that rules the night, namely, the Moon. For this month, the folklore name of the Moon is traditionally the Full Sturgeon Moon, to mark that time of year when these big fish might be pulled from Lake Michigan.
And this month, due in part to its length of 31 days, this month there are two Full Moons! That is, on August 1 and August 30, a Full Moon will appear in our sky. So, we have the Full Sturgeon Moon on August 1 (and also a Supermoon), but also a second Full Moon on August 30 (Central time), known popularly as a Blue Moon, though the actual definition of a Blue Moon is a bit more nuanced.
In the Northern Hemisphere, we look to the south to see the stately planets on parade and our august Moon light up the night sky, since from our vantage in the great Midwest, that is the direction to see the ecliptic, the plane of Earth’s orbit (as seen from Earth), and the apparent path along which the planets, Sun, and Moon (for the most part) appear in our sky throughout the year.
At the start of August by dawn, noble yellow-white Saturn (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) is due southwest and majestic bright-white Jupiter (in Aries, the Ram) is due southeast. Mercury, Venus, and Mars, appear fairly close to the Sun and are not readily visible this month, lost in the Sun’s glare. Brilliant Venus re-emerges in our morning sky before sunup by month’s end.
Certainly, August is a distinguished month in which to behold the glory of the heavens.
And while every month highlights the planets we see in our night sky, this month’s column looks first within Earth’s atmosphere for an annual celestial treat known as the Perseid meteor shower; then, out to the Solar System for a seasonal phenomenon known as the zodiacal light; then, out to the very edge of our home galaxy, called the Milky Way.
On or about August 11-12 every year, the Perseid meteor shower makes its appearance. Names for meteor showers derive from the name of the constellation out of which meteors appear to radiate; so, as seen from Earth, the Perseids (PURR-see-ids) seem to originate from the star pattern of Perseus, which rises after midnight at this time and season of the year (but which also rises into our early evening sky by this Autumn).
Such showers are the result of Earth's passage through a field of dusty debris left in the wake of a passing comet that crosses the orbit of Earth around the Sun. (The source for the annual Perseid meteor shower is Comet Swift-Tuttle.) That debris hits Earth's upper atmosphere at high speed (several miles per second); the debris (perhaps the size of dust motes up to that of a rice grain) collides with air, heats up by friction, but also ionizes the air due to the debris' high speed of entry.
A trail of ionized gas results. It's that glowing streak of the meteor's ionized trail (aka the "shooting star") that we see blazing across the night sky. Away from city lights and after midnight in a clear pre-dawn sky will be the best advantages to view such a stately shower as the Perseids (at this link), noted for its occasional and bright fireballs.
If one is outside before sunup late this Summer and in early Autumn under a clear sky away from modern outdoor lighting, one might chance to witness a phenomenon, in appearance both eerie and eminent, known as the zodiacal light, aka the "false dawn". A solemn wedge of light that appears before sunrise in Fall (or, similarly, but after sunset in Spring, aka the "false dusk"), the zodiacal light is our view of all that meteor dust and debris in the plane of Earth's orbit.
High in the sky in summertime stretches the Milky Way from horizon to horizon, a glorious sight when seen in truly dark skies; when looking at it you're seeing out through the very edge of our home galaxy, called the Milky Way. Embedded within it are nebulas, clouds of gas lit by stars, all of which can be viewed with a good, steady binocular. At this link is a detailed guide. The Milky Way also makes for a splendid chance to practice astrophotography.
Good things to see in the night sky this August before we head into Fall next month, but let’s not forget that august orb that rules the night, namely, the Moon. For this month, the folklore name of the Moon is traditionally the Full Sturgeon Moon, to mark that time of year when these big fish might be pulled from Lake Michigan.
And this month, due in part to its length of 31 days, this month there are two Full Moons! That is, on August 1 and August 30, a Full Moon will appear in our sky. So, we have the Full Sturgeon Moon on August 1 (and also a Supermoon), but also a second Full Moon on August 30 (Central time), known popularly as a Blue Moon, though the actual definition of a Blue Moon is a bit more nuanced.
In the Northern Hemisphere, we look to the south to see the stately planets on parade and our august Moon light up the night sky, since from our vantage in the great Midwest, that is the direction to see the ecliptic, the plane of Earth’s orbit (as seen from Earth), and the apparent path along which the planets, Sun, and Moon (for the most part) appear in our sky throughout the year.
At the start of August by dawn, noble yellow-white Saturn (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) is due southwest and majestic bright-white Jupiter (in Aries, the Ram) is due southeast. Mercury, Venus, and Mars, appear fairly close to the Sun and are not readily visible this month, lost in the Sun’s glare. Brilliant Venus re-emerges in our morning sky before sunup by month’s end.
Certainly, August is a distinguished month in which to behold the glory of the heavens.
Sky Roundup Almanac for August 2023
Aug. 01: Full Moon at 18:31 UTC (or, 1:31 p. m. CDT on 08/01). A Supermoon!
Aug. 08: Last Quarter Moon at 22:28 UTC (or, 5:28 a. m. CDT on 08/08).
Aug. 16: New Moon at 9:38 UTC (or, 4:38 a. m. CDT on 08/16).
Aug. 24: First Quarter Moon at 9:57 UTC (or, 4:57 a. m. CDT on 08/24).
Aug. 31: Full Moon at 1:35 UTC (or, 8:35 p. m. CDT on 08/30). A Blue Moon!
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Aug. 08: Last Quarter Moon at 22:28 UTC (or, 5:28 a. m. CDT on 08/08).
Aug. 16: New Moon at 9:38 UTC (or, 4:38 a. m. CDT on 08/16).
Aug. 24: First Quarter Moon at 9:57 UTC (or, 4:57 a. m. CDT on 08/24).
Aug. 31: Full Moon at 1:35 UTC (or, 8:35 p. m. CDT on 08/30). A Blue Moon!
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for July
Astronomical highlights for the month of July 2023
The Sun in July
Last month, this column highlighted the Moon; this month, the Sun. Owing to its relative height in the sky for summertime in the Northern Hemisphere, the Sun delivers the light and heat we need to keep life alive and growing on Earth. Indeed, the Sun has the most profound effect on Earth; that would stand to reason. However, there are those who would stand reason on its head to say otherwise, that we alone on this planet outdo the Sun in how we affect our home world.
But then, these same individuals apparently hold two contrary thoughts in their head at the same time and now recognize this profound effect (over which humanity has no actual control); so, they seek to curtail it with outlandish schemes.
While one may wonder whether those who embrace some farcical attempt to block the Sun’s light to be in their right mind, let’s look to the night sky, to get our mind right about the wonders we can see when Earth itself blocks the Sun’s light; that is, when Earth rotates away daily from the Sun, to give us the night.
And while Earth may block the Sun to let us see the Moon, it is still the Sun’s light on the Moon whose light we see at night. So while the Sun dominates daily to give us our day, the Moon, a lesser light, is oft known to rule the night. By the Old Farmers Almanac, the folklore name of the Moon is traditionally the Full Buck Moon, to mark that time of year when a deer’s antlers grow fast.
Even the light of the planets are due to the Sun. And we can see that profound effect of the Sun every clear night when planets shine in our sky. At the start of July, pale yellow-white Saturn (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) rises by midnight, followed by bright-white Jupiter (in Aries, the Ram) about three hours later. (See first chart, just below.)
But then, these same individuals apparently hold two contrary thoughts in their head at the same time and now recognize this profound effect (over which humanity has no actual control); so, they seek to curtail it with outlandish schemes.
While one may wonder whether those who embrace some farcical attempt to block the Sun’s light to be in their right mind, let’s look to the night sky, to get our mind right about the wonders we can see when Earth itself blocks the Sun’s light; that is, when Earth rotates away daily from the Sun, to give us the night.
And while Earth may block the Sun to let us see the Moon, it is still the Sun’s light on the Moon whose light we see at night. So while the Sun dominates daily to give us our day, the Moon, a lesser light, is oft known to rule the night. By the Old Farmers Almanac, the folklore name of the Moon is traditionally the Full Buck Moon, to mark that time of year when a deer’s antlers grow fast.
Even the light of the planets are due to the Sun. And we can see that profound effect of the Sun every clear night when planets shine in our sky. At the start of July, pale yellow-white Saturn (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) rises by midnight, followed by bright-white Jupiter (in Aries, the Ram) about three hours later. (See first chart, just below.)
Like last month and as it has through the start of Summer, brilliant Venus still dominates the western sky and joins Mars (in Leo, the Lion), just above the western horizon by sunset. (See second chart, just below.)
Of course, besides the light that planets reflect from the Sun, all these planets remain profoundly affected by the Sun, since all are shepherded by the Sun’s gravity to fall around it; in effect, to orbit the Sun! There’s just no blocking that.
Sky Roundup Almanac for July 2023
July 03: Full Moon at 11:38 UTC (or, 6:38 a. m. CDT on 07/03).
July 10: Last Quarter Moon at 1:47 UTC (or, 8:47 p. m. CDT on 07/09).
July 17: New Moon at 18:31 UTC (or, 1:31 p. m. CDT on 07/17).
July 25: First Quarter Moon at 22:06 UTC (or, 5:06 p. m. CDT on 07/25).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
July 10: Last Quarter Moon at 1:47 UTC (or, 8:47 p. m. CDT on 07/09).
July 17: New Moon at 18:31 UTC (or, 1:31 p. m. CDT on 07/17).
July 25: First Quarter Moon at 22:06 UTC (or, 5:06 p. m. CDT on 07/25).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for June
Astronomical highlights for the month of June 2023
This Moon in June
By the Old Farmers Almanac, the folklore name of the Moon is traditionally the Full Strawberry Moon, due to the ripening of that tasty, tart red fruit. But we’re about to know there’s more to the Moon in June than a fruity name.
Though the title of this month’s column has its own internal rhyme, the Moon in June is intriguingly neat for what it displays about how we see the sky from our vantage on Earth; that is, the motion of the Full Moon in June "rhymes" with the motion of the Sun in December!
Here’s a little background first.
As seen from our home on Earth, most of the bright, celestial objects of our Solar System, such as the Sun and planets, appear to travel along an arc across the sky called the ecliptic. This an effect of Earth’s own revolution about the Sun; that is, as we move in our orbit, the sky progresses through the seasons, showing the appearance of travel of the Sun and planets through various seasonal constellations. Those seasonal constellations, taken together, through which the planets and Sun do appear to move, comprise a swath of sky known as the Zodiac.
The Moon occasionally gets into the act, since in its own tilted orbit around Earth, it crosses the ecliptic twice per month. When the Sun and Earth line up with the Moon coincident with either of these crossing points, then one can have an eclipse, hence the name "ecliptic".
Though we can’t "see" an arc labeled "the ecliptic" across the sky, the apparent path that the Sun and planets follow across the sky throughout the year all appear to move along this arc, which we call the ecliptic. That arc represents the plane of Earth’s orbit projected onto the sky. It also represents the plane of the Solar System, since most of the planets (with the exception of Pluto, which is indeed a planet) moves within (or close to) the plane of Earth’s orbit.
Now for the neat part.
In its orbit around Earth, the Moon also matches the apparent motion of the Sun across the sky, but at a different time of year. For example, the Moon in June mimics (or "rhymes" with) the motion of the Sun in December. That is, as the Full Moon is seen to rise in June, its location (along the southeast horizon) at its rising and its angle of rise to our horizon (in our southeast sky) matches the path of the rising Sun six months hence. (See it so at this link.)
Let’s look at other neat things for those planets that appear to travel along the ecliptic.
Like last month and as it has all Spring, brilliant Venus (in Gemini, the Twins) still dominates the western sky after sunset; by month’s end, it draws closer to the western horizon and joins Mars (in Leo, the Lion), which was seen last month one constellation to the west.
At the start of June in the pre-dawn eastern sky, Mercury and Jupiter (both in Aries, the Ram), and Saturn (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) in the southeast, are poised in an arc up from the horizon. (See first chart, just below.) By mid-month, Mercury (in Taurus, the Bull) drops back to the horizon, while Jupiter rises higher.
Though the title of this month’s column has its own internal rhyme, the Moon in June is intriguingly neat for what it displays about how we see the sky from our vantage on Earth; that is, the motion of the Full Moon in June "rhymes" with the motion of the Sun in December!
Here’s a little background first.
As seen from our home on Earth, most of the bright, celestial objects of our Solar System, such as the Sun and planets, appear to travel along an arc across the sky called the ecliptic. This an effect of Earth’s own revolution about the Sun; that is, as we move in our orbit, the sky progresses through the seasons, showing the appearance of travel of the Sun and planets through various seasonal constellations. Those seasonal constellations, taken together, through which the planets and Sun do appear to move, comprise a swath of sky known as the Zodiac.
The Moon occasionally gets into the act, since in its own tilted orbit around Earth, it crosses the ecliptic twice per month. When the Sun and Earth line up with the Moon coincident with either of these crossing points, then one can have an eclipse, hence the name "ecliptic".
Though we can’t "see" an arc labeled "the ecliptic" across the sky, the apparent path that the Sun and planets follow across the sky throughout the year all appear to move along this arc, which we call the ecliptic. That arc represents the plane of Earth’s orbit projected onto the sky. It also represents the plane of the Solar System, since most of the planets (with the exception of Pluto, which is indeed a planet) moves within (or close to) the plane of Earth’s orbit.
Now for the neat part.
In its orbit around Earth, the Moon also matches the apparent motion of the Sun across the sky, but at a different time of year. For example, the Moon in June mimics (or "rhymes" with) the motion of the Sun in December. That is, as the Full Moon is seen to rise in June, its location (along the southeast horizon) at its rising and its angle of rise to our horizon (in our southeast sky) matches the path of the rising Sun six months hence. (See it so at this link.)
Let’s look at other neat things for those planets that appear to travel along the ecliptic.
Like last month and as it has all Spring, brilliant Venus (in Gemini, the Twins) still dominates the western sky after sunset; by month’s end, it draws closer to the western horizon and joins Mars (in Leo, the Lion), which was seen last month one constellation to the west.
At the start of June in the pre-dawn eastern sky, Mercury and Jupiter (both in Aries, the Ram), and Saturn (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) in the southeast, are poised in an arc up from the horizon. (See first chart, just below.) By mid-month, Mercury (in Taurus, the Bull) drops back to the horizon, while Jupiter rises higher.
While all these planets appear to be guided by the path of the ecliptic, the Moon in June, and due to its orbit’s tilt to the ecliptic, glides past the planets every month. As a waning quarter, the Moon slides south of Saturn before dawn on June 9th and 10th, passes Jupiter as a waning crescent before sunup on June 14, and on June 22nd appears to pause with Mars and Venus as a waxing crescent just after sundown. (See second chart, just below, for this last apparition.)
Not just for the Moon in June, but, in every month, the Moon and planets put on a display from our earthly vantage, sliding and gliding along their own arc across the sky.
Sky Roundup Almanac for June 2023
June 03: Full Moon at 15:41 UTC (or, 10:41 p. m. CDT on 06/03).
June 10: Last Quarter Moon at 19:31 UTC (or, 2:31 p. m. CDT on 06/10).
June 17: New Moon at 4:37 UTC (or, 11:37 p. m. CDT on 06/17).
June 21: Summer Solstice, First day of Summer at 14:57 UTC (or, 9:57 a. m. CDT).
June 26: First Quarter Moon at 7:49 UTC (or, 2:49 a. m. CDT on 06/26).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
June 10: Last Quarter Moon at 19:31 UTC (or, 2:31 p. m. CDT on 06/10).
June 17: New Moon at 4:37 UTC (or, 11:37 p. m. CDT on 06/17).
June 21: Summer Solstice, First day of Summer at 14:57 UTC (or, 9:57 a. m. CDT).
June 26: First Quarter Moon at 7:49 UTC (or, 2:49 a. m. CDT on 06/26).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for May
Astronomical highlights for the month of May 2023
This Bloomin' Month
Traditionally this month blossoms into full flower, with May as a month for blooming of flora and birthing of fauna.
This month’s sky also a prelude to our Summer skies with new constellations of Spring replacing those of Winter in our night sky.
As it has all Spring, brilliant Venus (in Gemini, the Twins) still dominates the western sky all month long after sunset. Orangey red Mars (in Cancer, the Crab) follows Venus and sets well after midnight; both will pair with the waxing crescent moon on May 24th. (See first chart, just below.)
This month’s sky also a prelude to our Summer skies with new constellations of Spring replacing those of Winter in our night sky.
As it has all Spring, brilliant Venus (in Gemini, the Twins) still dominates the western sky all month long after sunset. Orangey red Mars (in Cancer, the Crab) follows Venus and sets well after midnight; both will pair with the waxing crescent moon on May 24th. (See first chart, just below.)
And like last month, Saturn now rises ahead of the Sun in the morning sky (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer). By the start of the month, Jupiter (in Pisces, the Fishes) is still lost in the glare of the rising Sun; by month’s end, though, the bright, might planet joins Saturn in pre-dawn twilight and is seen rising ahead of the Sun. (See second chart, just below.)
For this month, its folklore name at full phase by the Old Farmer’s Alamanac the Moon is traditionally called the Full Strawberry Moon, due to the ripening of that tasty, tart red fruit. Similar names have arisen due to the ripening of other fruit berries at this time of the year.
Now that it’s over and past with April rains, look for the bloom of life in May that reigns.
Now that it’s over and past with April rains, look for the bloom of life in May that reigns.
Note: In addition to the monthly installments of Sky Roundup on this page, go to this page of this website for twice-monthly installments of the Astro Net, a recap of live discussions on-the-air from amateur radio, featuring current celestial events and night-sky observations.
Sky Roundup Almanac for May 2023
May 05: Full Moon at 17:34 UTC (or, 12:34 p. m. CDT on 05/05).
May 12: Last Quarter Moon at 14:28 UTC (or, 9:28 a. m. CDT on 05/12).
May 19: New Moon at 15:53 UTC (or, 10:53 a. m. CDT on 5/19).
May 27: First Quarter Moon at 15:22 UTC (or, 10:22 a. m. CDT on 05/27).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
May 12: Last Quarter Moon at 14:28 UTC (or, 9:28 a. m. CDT on 05/12).
May 19: New Moon at 15:53 UTC (or, 10:53 a. m. CDT on 5/19).
May 27: First Quarter Moon at 15:22 UTC (or, 10:22 a. m. CDT on 05/27).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for April
Astronomical highlights for the month of April 2023
Spring Now Sprung
Traditionally in folklore a month that brings rainy weather (and other things), April can also see some fine evenings as the approach of summertime weather seeks to displace our former winter weather. The result for this month can be a meteorological tug-of-war between clear or cloudy skies and between high or low temperatures. Be ready to use optical gear with your eyes or to put rain gear on your feet.
Brilliant Venus dominates the western sky all month long after sunset. Orangey red Mars follows Venus and sets after midnight. Saturn, now crossed over to the morning sky and in the constellation Aquarius (the Water-Bearer), hugs the eastern horizon before sunrise. By month’s end, Jupiter (in Pisces, the Fishes) emerges into morning twilight but is still lost in the glare of the rising Sun.
For April and its folklore name at full phase by the Old Farmer's Almanac, the Moon is traditionally called the Full Pink Moon, due to the spread of color from an early Spring flower, phlox, which comes up this month as attractive ground cover.
What also comes up this month is the celebration of Easter, its traditions, and its attractive message of renewal, to accompany the arrival of Spring.
So, Spring has sprung, and, with this season comes a new beginning and more time to get out under the stars. But even if we're wet with April showers, we can still look for blooms in May of flowers.
Brilliant Venus dominates the western sky all month long after sunset. Orangey red Mars follows Venus and sets after midnight. Saturn, now crossed over to the morning sky and in the constellation Aquarius (the Water-Bearer), hugs the eastern horizon before sunrise. By month’s end, Jupiter (in Pisces, the Fishes) emerges into morning twilight but is still lost in the glare of the rising Sun.
For April and its folklore name at full phase by the Old Farmer's Almanac, the Moon is traditionally called the Full Pink Moon, due to the spread of color from an early Spring flower, phlox, which comes up this month as attractive ground cover.
What also comes up this month is the celebration of Easter, its traditions, and its attractive message of renewal, to accompany the arrival of Spring.
So, Spring has sprung, and, with this season comes a new beginning and more time to get out under the stars. But even if we're wet with April showers, we can still look for blooms in May of flowers.
Update: On April 5, 2023, just before midnight, the Full Moon shone bright. With a handheld cell phone, one would find it easy to snap pix through a binocular or telescope. Taken through a homebuilt Newtonian telescope in afocal method at about 45x, this shot (below) is now typical of what one can expect with low magnification and the scope's 6-inch wide mirror.
While one might like the lunar features to appear crisper, this shot was done quickly and with no special planning; so, a careful set-up would likely yield a sharper image. Nevertheless, what takes minutes now would take longer with a 35-mm film camera, where one might need to bracket the shot (i.e., taking many pix of differing exposure and lens openings), to get the best combo. Then, one would have to develop the film and print the best of the lot. The good ol' days!
While one might like the lunar features to appear crisper, this shot was done quickly and with no special planning; so, a careful set-up would likely yield a sharper image. Nevertheless, what takes minutes now would take longer with a 35-mm film camera, where one might need to bracket the shot (i.e., taking many pix of differing exposure and lens openings), to get the best combo. Then, one would have to develop the film and print the best of the lot. The good ol' days!
Sky Roundup Almanac for April 2023
April 05: Full Moon at 23:34 UTC (or, 6:34 p. m. CDT on 04/05).
April 13: Last Quarter Moon at 9:11 UTC (or, 4:11 a. m. CDT on 04/13).
April 19: New Moon at 4:12 UTC (or, 11:12 p. m. CDT on 04/19).
April 27: First Quarter Moon at 21:19 UTC (or, 4:19 p. m. CDT on 04/27).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
April 13: Last Quarter Moon at 9:11 UTC (or, 4:11 a. m. CDT on 04/13).
April 19: New Moon at 4:12 UTC (or, 11:12 p. m. CDT on 04/19).
April 27: First Quarter Moon at 21:19 UTC (or, 4:19 p. m. CDT on 04/27).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for March
Astronomical highlights for the month of March 2023
Spring Set to Spring
Earth begins to wake from its stone-cold slumber of Winter. Across the Midwest, there’s still a chill in the air and the threat of major storms, but a few days may see some Sun and a wee bit of warmth. If no great snows blanket the landscape, the ground begins to thaw, and the first robins arrive to peck bugs and pull worms from the yielding soil. The season of Spring gets set to spring forth, and, its herald comes with the Vernal Equinox, the astronomical start of the season.
No longer a frozen stare at grey clouds, our eyes may glimpse a clear patch or two, to spy a bright planet or a starry pattern. If the grey of those clouds don’t block our view of the heavens, for this month sky gazers ought to come alive to set their sights on a pairing of two bright planets. By the start of the month, brilliant Venus and bright-white Jupiter appear to merge in the western sky after sunset, the dazzling sight of a planetary conjunction. By mid-month, the two have separated; by month’s end, Venus stays higher and Jupiter drops to the horizon.
No longer a frozen stare at grey clouds, our eyes may glimpse a clear patch or two, to spy a bright planet or a starry pattern. If the grey of those clouds don’t block our view of the heavens, for this month sky gazers ought to come alive to set their sights on a pairing of two bright planets. By the start of the month, brilliant Venus and bright-white Jupiter appear to merge in the western sky after sunset, the dazzling sight of a planetary conjunction. By mid-month, the two have separated; by month’s end, Venus stays higher and Jupiter drops to the horizon.
Ringed Saturn is lost in the glare of the setting Sun throughout the month; by month’s end, small Mercury emerges briefly into evening twilight after the Sun sets.
For this month, its folklore name at full phase by the Old Farmers Almanac, the Moon is traditionally called the Full Worm Moon, as returning robins appear already to know, now that Spring is set to spring.
For this month, its folklore name at full phase by the Old Farmers Almanac, the Moon is traditionally called the Full Worm Moon, as returning robins appear already to know, now that Spring is set to spring.
Update: With recent news reports about planets aligning this month, it's worth noting it with some perspective. While seeing a parade of planets can be exciting, the hype seems to suggest that on one night only this month, five planets will move into a rare, heavenly configuration. As it's good to suggest that people look up to the night sky, the planets have been aligning for some days now. Of the five in this alignment (viz., Mars, Venus, Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus), the first two are most prominent, with Mars high to the south and Venus well to the west at sunset, while Jupiter and Saturn are gone just after sundown; Uranus requires a good telescope to view best.
In the meantime, auroras (aka the Northern Lights) dazzled observers across this nation, in Canada, and overseas, all the result of a massive solar flare that grazed Earth, perhaps with energy on a par that might've exceeded the Carrington Event of 1859. So, how likely is the next Carrington Event? Some guesses and speculation here from a few years ago. If we were to get hit head-on by such a huge flare, what might happen? Some more speculation here.
Northern Lights or not, it's still worth it to roll out a telescope and look aloft (after the first clear night in many days). A couple images from tonight (inserted, below), as taken with a cell phone through a homebuilt telescope (i.e., a Newtonian reflector w/ 6-inch wide mirror), set @ ~45x.
The left image shows the waxing crescent Moon at 10 p. m. CDT on March 25; the right image shows the Pleiades, just below the Moon.
In the meantime, auroras (aka the Northern Lights) dazzled observers across this nation, in Canada, and overseas, all the result of a massive solar flare that grazed Earth, perhaps with energy on a par that might've exceeded the Carrington Event of 1859. So, how likely is the next Carrington Event? Some guesses and speculation here from a few years ago. If we were to get hit head-on by such a huge flare, what might happen? Some more speculation here.
Northern Lights or not, it's still worth it to roll out a telescope and look aloft (after the first clear night in many days). A couple images from tonight (inserted, below), as taken with a cell phone through a homebuilt telescope (i.e., a Newtonian reflector w/ 6-inch wide mirror), set @ ~45x.
The left image shows the waxing crescent Moon at 10 p. m. CDT on March 25; the right image shows the Pleiades, just below the Moon.
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Note: In addition to the monthly installments of Sky Roundup on this page, go to this page of this website for twice-monthly installments of the Astro Net, a recap of live discussions on-the-air from amateur radio, featuring current celestial events and night-sky observations.
Sky Roundup Almanac for March 2023
March 07: Full Moon at 12:40 UTC (or, 6:40 a. m. CST on 03/07).
March 12: Daylight Saving Time begins at 2:00 a. m. Set clocks ahead one hour!
March 14: Last Quarter Moon at 19:08 UTC (or, 2:08 p. m. CDT on 03/14).
March 20: Vernal Equinox, first day of Spring at 21:24 UTC (or 4:24 p. m. CDT on 03/20).
March 21: New Moon at 17:23 UTC (or, 12:23 p. m. CDT on 03/21).
March 28: First Quarter Moon at 2:32 UTC (or, 9:32 p. m. CDT on 03/28).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time and Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
March 12: Daylight Saving Time begins at 2:00 a. m. Set clocks ahead one hour!
March 14: Last Quarter Moon at 19:08 UTC (or, 2:08 p. m. CDT on 03/14).
March 20: Vernal Equinox, first day of Spring at 21:24 UTC (or 4:24 p. m. CDT on 03/20).
March 21: New Moon at 17:23 UTC (or, 12:23 p. m. CDT on 03/21).
March 28: First Quarter Moon at 2:32 UTC (or, 9:32 p. m. CDT on 03/28).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time and Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for February
Astronomical highlights for the month of February 2023
Short Month, Quick Lights
This may be a short month on the calendar, but it's one that has a few night lights worth viewing. In the early part of the month, fast meteors from a few weak meteor showers may make an appearance across the sky during the first week of this month. In addition, the planets make a fine showing in an arc across the night sky from southwest to the northeast, though they linger far longer in the sky through this month than do a few quick meteors.
Saturn, close to the western horizon at sunset and pretty much lost in the glare of the setting Sun, is followed to the horizon after sunset by brilliant Venus in the southwest sky. Mighty-sized and bright-white Jupiter is high to the south-southwest at sunset and sets a several hours later (but before midnight); orangey red Mars follows the other planets to the western horizon by 3 a. m, well after Jupiter sets. (See chart, just below, for the fine parade of planets this month.)
Saturn, close to the western horizon at sunset and pretty much lost in the glare of the setting Sun, is followed to the horizon after sunset by brilliant Venus in the southwest sky. Mighty-sized and bright-white Jupiter is high to the south-southwest at sunset and sets a several hours later (but before midnight); orangey red Mars follows the other planets to the western horizon by 3 a. m, well after Jupiter sets. (See chart, just below, for the fine parade of planets this month.)
For this month, its folklore name at full phase by the the Old Farmer's Almanac, the Moon is traditionally called the Full Snow Moon, with the month of February usually living up to its name across the great Midwest.
A short Sky Roundup for a short month seems fitting, but don't neglect spending a few long hours on a night during this short month, despite the usual chill of the season, while long Winter nights are the norm. Brave the cold as well as you can and see the splendors of the Winter night sky.
Update: For those who have followed, or want to know about, the so-called Green Comet, look for the latest information at this link. Apparently, it can be viewed near the bright star Capella (in Auriga, the Charioteer) early in this month. But it's moving fast away from Earth; so, it's already distant and not a grand, sweeping spectacle to witness. One will need a large binocular to get a glimpse. And the comet may not look green.
A short Sky Roundup for a short month seems fitting, but don't neglect spending a few long hours on a night during this short month, despite the usual chill of the season, while long Winter nights are the norm. Brave the cold as well as you can and see the splendors of the Winter night sky.
Update: For those who have followed, or want to know about, the so-called Green Comet, look for the latest information at this link. Apparently, it can be viewed near the bright star Capella (in Auriga, the Charioteer) early in this month. But it's moving fast away from Earth; so, it's already distant and not a grand, sweeping spectacle to witness. One will need a large binocular to get a glimpse. And the comet may not look green.
Sky Roundup Almanac for February 2023
February 05: Full Moon at 18:28 UTC (or, 12:28 p. m. CST on 2/05).
February 13: Last Quarter Moon at 16:00 UTC (or, 10:00 a. m. CST on 2/13).
February 20: New Moon at 7:05 UTC (or, 1:05 a. m. CST on 2/20).
February 27: First Quarter Moon at 8:05 UTC (or 2:05 a. m. CST on 2/27).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
February 13: Last Quarter Moon at 16:00 UTC (or, 10:00 a. m. CST on 2/13).
February 20: New Moon at 7:05 UTC (or, 1:05 a. m. CST on 2/20).
February 27: First Quarter Moon at 8:05 UTC (or 2:05 a. m. CST on 2/27).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for January
Astronomical highlights for the month of January 2023
A New Year That Still Can Be Happy
At this time last year, the following column (below) ran in Sky Roundup. It was timely then and remains equally so now, one year later:
Amid the headlong plunge through the recent holidays, we greet the New Year with a swirl of stories of troubles near home and abroad. And hasn’t that been the case since time immemorial? Every year we are beset with a reminder of things undone from times long past, and, then, with a host of resolutions to reset all and start anew.
On that latter note, there is a sensible way to view any new year: as a sign of renewed vigor to complete our tasks and not as any failing of effort. One can commend the things undone as useful work be accomplished, and, all in good time. There will be those who may be on the hunt to make us all conform to their timetable of accomplishment or their mandate of perspective; but, we must resist such efforts.
Any reset to start anew, however one perceives it, does not need to be grand and sweeping from some arbitrary global point of view, just achievable from one’s own human and spiritual perspective. So, make this New Year as happy as you able to do so.
In the interim, when feasible and not cloudy, at least look to these January skies for a glimpse of the light from Earth's nearest celestial neighbor, the Moon, which is more popularly known as the Full Wolf Moon, for the call of the wild by packs on the hunt.
Look to the skies, be happy for a New Year, and resist the fear of howls in the night.
Amid the headlong plunge through the recent holidays, we greet the New Year with a swirl of stories of troubles near home and abroad. And hasn’t that been the case since time immemorial? Every year we are beset with a reminder of things undone from times long past, and, then, with a host of resolutions to reset all and start anew.
On that latter note, there is a sensible way to view any new year: as a sign of renewed vigor to complete our tasks and not as any failing of effort. One can commend the things undone as useful work be accomplished, and, all in good time. There will be those who may be on the hunt to make us all conform to their timetable of accomplishment or their mandate of perspective; but, we must resist such efforts.
Any reset to start anew, however one perceives it, does not need to be grand and sweeping from some arbitrary global point of view, just achievable from one’s own human and spiritual perspective. So, make this New Year as happy as you able to do so.
In the interim, when feasible and not cloudy, at least look to these January skies for a glimpse of the light from Earth's nearest celestial neighbor, the Moon, which is more popularly known as the Full Wolf Moon, for the call of the wild by packs on the hunt.
Look to the skies, be happy for a New Year, and resist the fear of howls in the night.
Sky Roundup Almanac for January 2023
January 06: Full Moon at 00:07 UTC (or, 6:07 p. m. CST on 1/06).
January 14: Last Quarter Moon at 03:10 UTC (or, 9:10 p. m. CST on 1/14).
January 21: New Moon at 21:53 UTC (or, 3:53 p. m. CST on 1/21).
January 28: First Quarter Moon at 16:18 UTC (or 10:18 a. m. CST on 1/28).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
January 14: Last Quarter Moon at 03:10 UTC (or, 9:10 p. m. CST on 1/14).
January 21: New Moon at 21:53 UTC (or, 3:53 p. m. CST on 1/21).
January 28: First Quarter Moon at 16:18 UTC (or 10:18 a. m. CST on 1/28).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for December
Astronomical highlights for the month of December 2022
The Night Before Christmas
Since 2009, Roy Kaelin’s installment of Sky Roundup for December has started with his parody of "A Visit of St. Nicholas" and that little tradition continues this year. With apologies to Clement Clark Moore.
'Twas the night before Christmas,
When all through his house
A stargazer was stirring, clicking his mouse;
His mounting set up in the backyard with care,
In hopes that clearing skies soon would be there.
He could’ve been nestled all snug in his bed,
But visions of nebulae danced in his head;
And grabbing a kerchief to dust a lens from its cap,
He caffeined his brain to shun a long winter’s nap--
When out on the lawn there arose such a clatter,
He sprang from his chair to see what was the matter:
Away to his set-up he flew like a flash,
Hoping his ‘scope didn’t loosen and crash.
The moon, on the breast of new-fallen snow,
Gave a luster of mid-day to objects, ya’ know:
When, what to his wandering eyes should appear,
But a case full of eyepieces amid his old gear;
Fellow geeks always bought these, so lively and quick,
He knew in a moment they’d all be heartsick.
More lenses he now owned and savored his claim,
And he whistled, and shouted, and called them by name--
“Now, Brandon! now, Nagler! now, Ethos! and Vixen!
No coma! Flat fields! Star parties I’m blitzin’;
To the top of each planet, to the top of Straight Wall,
I’ll dash to see nebulae, faraway all!”
He gathered his new gear, so pleased he might cry,
And carried all to his ‘scope, its mount to the sky,
So, up past his house-top his ‘scope aimed anew,
A case full of lenses—and such neat stuff too.
With stars all a-twinkling from heat off the roof,
The night sky unveiled its warp and its woof;
As he drew up a chair, and was turning around,
Down next to his ‘scope the ‘gazer came with a bound.
His parka lined in fur
From his head to his foot,
And his clothes came all furnished
With pockets to boot:
This new bunch of toys
He now kept near his back,
And he thrilled like a youngster
As he opened his pack;
His eyes how they twinkled!
Each eyepiece how merry--
Were just what he wanted,
Whence they came he was wary;
Ev’ry ocular gleamed
Each drawn up with a bow,
Who could’ve left them and
Left no tracks in the snow?
He thought for a bit
Of this season of year,
And thought it unlikely he’d
Earned such good cheer.
Still he was thankful
And humbled quite by it;
He vowed to do better
And stay on a diet.
He was chubby and plump--
His right jolly old self;
From too much late snacking
In spite of himself.
A wink of his eye,
And a twist of his head,
Soon gave him to know
Where each eyepiece might thread.
He spoke not a word,
But went straight to his work,
And logged all his sightings:
Then turned with a jerk,
And laying his pencil
Aside of his prose,
And giving a nod,
To his warm room he rose.
He sprang to its desk,
Jotted notes in a whistle,
And away he then flew
To look through a Plössl:
But all heard him exclaim
Ere he gazed in the night,
"Merry Christmas to all,
And to all A Clear Night."
'Twas the night before Christmas,
When all through his house
A stargazer was stirring, clicking his mouse;
His mounting set up in the backyard with care,
In hopes that clearing skies soon would be there.
He could’ve been nestled all snug in his bed,
But visions of nebulae danced in his head;
And grabbing a kerchief to dust a lens from its cap,
He caffeined his brain to shun a long winter’s nap--
When out on the lawn there arose such a clatter,
He sprang from his chair to see what was the matter:
Away to his set-up he flew like a flash,
Hoping his ‘scope didn’t loosen and crash.
The moon, on the breast of new-fallen snow,
Gave a luster of mid-day to objects, ya’ know:
When, what to his wandering eyes should appear,
But a case full of eyepieces amid his old gear;
Fellow geeks always bought these, so lively and quick,
He knew in a moment they’d all be heartsick.
More lenses he now owned and savored his claim,
And he whistled, and shouted, and called them by name--
“Now, Brandon! now, Nagler! now, Ethos! and Vixen!
No coma! Flat fields! Star parties I’m blitzin’;
To the top of each planet, to the top of Straight Wall,
I’ll dash to see nebulae, faraway all!”
He gathered his new gear, so pleased he might cry,
And carried all to his ‘scope, its mount to the sky,
So, up past his house-top his ‘scope aimed anew,
A case full of lenses—and such neat stuff too.
With stars all a-twinkling from heat off the roof,
The night sky unveiled its warp and its woof;
As he drew up a chair, and was turning around,
Down next to his ‘scope the ‘gazer came with a bound.
His parka lined in fur
From his head to his foot,
And his clothes came all furnished
With pockets to boot:
This new bunch of toys
He now kept near his back,
And he thrilled like a youngster
As he opened his pack;
His eyes how they twinkled!
Each eyepiece how merry--
Were just what he wanted,
Whence they came he was wary;
Ev’ry ocular gleamed
Each drawn up with a bow,
Who could’ve left them and
Left no tracks in the snow?
He thought for a bit
Of this season of year,
And thought it unlikely he’d
Earned such good cheer.
Still he was thankful
And humbled quite by it;
He vowed to do better
And stay on a diet.
He was chubby and plump--
His right jolly old self;
From too much late snacking
In spite of himself.
A wink of his eye,
And a twist of his head,
Soon gave him to know
Where each eyepiece might thread.
He spoke not a word,
But went straight to his work,
And logged all his sightings:
Then turned with a jerk,
And laying his pencil
Aside of his prose,
And giving a nod,
To his warm room he rose.
He sprang to its desk,
Jotted notes in a whistle,
And away he then flew
To look through a Plössl:
But all heard him exclaim
Ere he gazed in the night,
"Merry Christmas to all,
And to all A Clear Night."
Gaze for the Holidays
Amid the hustle and bustle of the coming Christmas season, take time to step away from trimming the tree and step outside to gaze at the night sky. Whether you wish to spy Santa in his sleigh crossing the face of the Full Moon, you might have to be content with seeing that face cross over the planet Mars this month.
Called the occultation of Mars, the Moon will pass in front of the planet Mars, when the Red Planet itself is at opposition, or, at its brightest as it can appear for us earth-bound observers. A fortuitous confluence of astronomical occurrences, an occultation of a bright planet at opposition will make for an especially memorable sight (if weather permits its viewing in your area).
Though it may be brisk outside to observe it, seeing the Full Cold Moon occulting a planet may leave one with a warm feeling inside.
Called the occultation of Mars, the Moon will pass in front of the planet Mars, when the Red Planet itself is at opposition, or, at its brightest as it can appear for us earth-bound observers. A fortuitous confluence of astronomical occurrences, an occultation of a bright planet at opposition will make for an especially memorable sight (if weather permits its viewing in your area).
Though it may be brisk outside to observe it, seeing the Full Cold Moon occulting a planet may leave one with a warm feeling inside.
Update: The occultation of Mars was met with variable weather across the great Midwest. Fast-moving decks of clouds socked in many prime viewing areas. Fortunately, clouds parted long enough to grab a few shots of Mars, through a thin foggy haze, as it emerged from behind the Moon. In the image (below), the tiny dot (on right, below) is Mars, one minute after it egressed the right side of the Moon. Image taken on 12/7/2022 at 10:06 p. m. CST by cell phone held to the eyepiece of a reflecting telescope of 6-inch aperture (f /5.6) at 43x magnification.
Note: In addition to the monthly installments of Sky Roundup on this page, go to this page of this website for twice-monthly installments of the Astro Net, a recap of live discussions on-the-air from amateur radio, featuring current celestial events and night-sky observations.
Sky Roundup Almanac for December 2022
December 07: Full Moon at 4:08 UTC (or, 10:08p. m. CST on 12/07). Mars occultation!
December 16: Last Quarter Moon at 8:56 UTC (or, 2:56 a. m. CST on 12/16).
December 23: New Moon at 10:16 UTC (or, 4:16 a. m. CST on 12/23).
December 29: First Quarter Moon at 3:29 UTC (or, 7:20 p. m. CST on 12/29).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
December 16: Last Quarter Moon at 8:56 UTC (or, 2:56 a. m. CST on 12/16).
December 23: New Moon at 10:16 UTC (or, 4:16 a. m. CST on 12/23).
December 29: First Quarter Moon at 3:29 UTC (or, 7:20 p. m. CST on 12/29).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for November
Astronomical highlights for the month of November 2022
Thankful to Observe
Traditionally this month is one of remembrance and thanks: Remembrance of past deeds done and family relations; thanks for those deeds and those relations.
On November 11, Veterans Day (formerly Armistice Day), we honor those who fought to preserve the blessings of liberty and those who fought not only to end a war but the "war to end all wars". Later expanded to include more than just a commemoration of the end to the Great War, Armistice Day was officially changed to Veterans Day on June 1, 1954, to honor all veterans of all wars (signed into law by President Dwight Eisenhower).
Reserved for the last Thursday in November, Thanksgiving Day offers the opportunity to give thanks for the bounty of the Autumn harvest and to celebrate the passing of another year with family and friends (all of which was set out in a Thanksgiving proclamation issued by President Abraham Lincoln on October 3, 1863).
So let us see what honor our eyes and optical aid can bring to the night sky, and, for what we can be thankful to observe this month.
Top of the list for great viewing this month will be our nearest celestial neighbor, the Moon. Starting in the wee hours of November 8, Earth's only natural satellite will pass in the shadow or our home planet, to be immersed in its shadow, to give us a great chance to view a total eclipse of the Moon. Completely safe to watch with the unaided eye or with optical aid (such as telescope or binocular), the eclipse will start after midnight and be completed well before sunrise. If the weather cooperates, a clear night will give half the world the opportunity to see a truly wondrous sight of nature.
Known at its full phase this month in folklore as the Beaver Moon, due to the industrious activity of those large aquatic rodents, this eclipsed Moon is eagerly anticipated, not only as the last lunar eclipse of this year, but for the characteristic color, some variation of a reddish hue, the Moon may assume. Though eyes alone are quite suitable with which to observe this phenomenon, a steady binocular holds the best, comfortable view of the Moon in full eclipse. Be sure to take pix! (See link, below, if the Sky Roundup Almanac for specific times across the USA and elsewhere.)
Elsewhere in the night sky, look for ringed Saturn (in Capricornus, the Sea-Goat) and bright Jupiter (in Pisces, the Fishes), both of which shine for most of the night.
Higher in the sky earlier than last month, look for Saturn due south by 7:30 p. m. at the start of the month, poised just above the Moon (see first chart, below, for this month). Saturn sets just after midnight. Three nights later, the Moon has moved to the vicinity of bright Jupiter (see second chart, below, for this month) and is due south with the large, bright planet by 10 p. m. Jupiter sets before dawn.
On November 11, Veterans Day (formerly Armistice Day), we honor those who fought to preserve the blessings of liberty and those who fought not only to end a war but the "war to end all wars". Later expanded to include more than just a commemoration of the end to the Great War, Armistice Day was officially changed to Veterans Day on June 1, 1954, to honor all veterans of all wars (signed into law by President Dwight Eisenhower).
Reserved for the last Thursday in November, Thanksgiving Day offers the opportunity to give thanks for the bounty of the Autumn harvest and to celebrate the passing of another year with family and friends (all of which was set out in a Thanksgiving proclamation issued by President Abraham Lincoln on October 3, 1863).
So let us see what honor our eyes and optical aid can bring to the night sky, and, for what we can be thankful to observe this month.
Top of the list for great viewing this month will be our nearest celestial neighbor, the Moon. Starting in the wee hours of November 8, Earth's only natural satellite will pass in the shadow or our home planet, to be immersed in its shadow, to give us a great chance to view a total eclipse of the Moon. Completely safe to watch with the unaided eye or with optical aid (such as telescope or binocular), the eclipse will start after midnight and be completed well before sunrise. If the weather cooperates, a clear night will give half the world the opportunity to see a truly wondrous sight of nature.
Known at its full phase this month in folklore as the Beaver Moon, due to the industrious activity of those large aquatic rodents, this eclipsed Moon is eagerly anticipated, not only as the last lunar eclipse of this year, but for the characteristic color, some variation of a reddish hue, the Moon may assume. Though eyes alone are quite suitable with which to observe this phenomenon, a steady binocular holds the best, comfortable view of the Moon in full eclipse. Be sure to take pix! (See link, below, if the Sky Roundup Almanac for specific times across the USA and elsewhere.)
Elsewhere in the night sky, look for ringed Saturn (in Capricornus, the Sea-Goat) and bright Jupiter (in Pisces, the Fishes), both of which shine for most of the night.
Higher in the sky earlier than last month, look for Saturn due south by 7:30 p. m. at the start of the month, poised just above the Moon (see first chart, below, for this month). Saturn sets just after midnight. Three nights later, the Moon has moved to the vicinity of bright Jupiter (see second chart, below, for this month) and is due south with the large, bright planet by 10 p. m. Jupiter sets before dawn.
Like previous months, after midnight this month Mars rises and can be seen due south by the time Jupiter sets. For the most part, Venus and Mercury remain lost in the glare of the Sun all month long.
Now that Autumn's in full swing, we can look back to a past year of good observing but also can look ahead to give thanks for what we have to celebrate and observe this month.
Now that Autumn's in full swing, we can look back to a past year of good observing but also can look ahead to give thanks for what we have to celebrate and observe this month.
Note: In addition to the monthly installments of Sky Roundup on this page, go to this page of this website for twice-monthly installments of the Astro Net, a recap of live discussions on-the-air from amateur radio, featuring current celestial events and night-sky observations.
Sky Roundup Almanac for November 2022
November 01: First Quarter Moon at 11:37 UTC (or 6:37 a. m. CDT on 11/01).
November 06: End of Daylight Saving Time! In Autumn, time to fall back. Turn clocks back 1 hour!
November 08: Full Moon at 17:02 UTC (or, 11:02 a. m. CST on 11/08). Total lunar eclipse!
November 16: Last Quarter Moon at 19:27 UTC (or, 1:27 p. m. CST on 11/16).
November 23: New Moon at 22:57 UTC (or, 4:57 p. m. CST on 11/23).
November 30: First Quarter Moon at 14:36 UTC (or, 8:36 a. m. CST on 11/30).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time and Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
November 06: End of Daylight Saving Time! In Autumn, time to fall back. Turn clocks back 1 hour!
November 08: Full Moon at 17:02 UTC (or, 11:02 a. m. CST on 11/08). Total lunar eclipse!
November 16: Last Quarter Moon at 19:27 UTC (or, 1:27 p. m. CST on 11/16).
November 23: New Moon at 22:57 UTC (or, 4:57 p. m. CST on 11/23).
November 30: First Quarter Moon at 14:36 UTC (or, 8:36 a. m. CST on 11/30).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time and Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for October
Astronomical highlights for the month of October 2022
Fall Back to Observing
Now that the season of Autumn has arrived, the nights become clearer and longer; that is, the humidity of Summer falls away, to reveal sparkling stars on chilly nights, and, we as observers can get to enjoy more nighttime hours as the season deepens. Whether with optical aid or eyes alone, observation is the mainstay of astronomy; so, let's see how deeply we can look into the night sky this month.
Ringed Saturn (in Capricornus, the Sea-Goat) and bright Jupiter (in Pisces, the Fishes) shine well all through the night till dawn; they are best seen highest in the sky by midnight, generally toward the south (for those observers in the Northern Hemisphere).
Like last month, after midnight this month Mars rises and can be seen in the eastern sky in the wee morning hours, clearly reddish-orange in appearance; by dawn, Mars is due south and at its highest in the sky for the night this month.
For the most part, Venus and Mercury remain lost in the glare of the Sun all month long.
In our October sky, the Moon, our home planet's only natural satellite, passes through all of its usual phases, and, as a dark-sky beacon most closely linked to the night, remains a treat to observe with its monthly play of light and shadow. Named to mark a time in this Fall season to build up extra meat provisions for the coming Winter, this month's full phase in folklore is known as the Hunter's Moon.
Summer's passed, mid-Autumn's nigh. Time to fall back to astronomy's mainstay and look to the night sky.
Ringed Saturn (in Capricornus, the Sea-Goat) and bright Jupiter (in Pisces, the Fishes) shine well all through the night till dawn; they are best seen highest in the sky by midnight, generally toward the south (for those observers in the Northern Hemisphere).
Like last month, after midnight this month Mars rises and can be seen in the eastern sky in the wee morning hours, clearly reddish-orange in appearance; by dawn, Mars is due south and at its highest in the sky for the night this month.
For the most part, Venus and Mercury remain lost in the glare of the Sun all month long.
In our October sky, the Moon, our home planet's only natural satellite, passes through all of its usual phases, and, as a dark-sky beacon most closely linked to the night, remains a treat to observe with its monthly play of light and shadow. Named to mark a time in this Fall season to build up extra meat provisions for the coming Winter, this month's full phase in folklore is known as the Hunter's Moon.
Summer's passed, mid-Autumn's nigh. Time to fall back to astronomy's mainstay and look to the night sky.
Sky Roundup Almanac for October 2022
October 03: First Quarter Moon at 00:14 UTC (or 7:14 p. m. CDT on 10/02).
October 09: Full Moon at 20:54 UTC (or, 3:54 p. m. CDT on 10/09).
October 17: Last Quarter Moon at 17:15 UTC (or, 12:15 p. m. CDT on 10/17).
October 25: New Moon at 10:48 UTC (or, 5:48 a. m. CDT on 10/25).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time.
October 09: Full Moon at 20:54 UTC (or, 3:54 p. m. CDT on 10/09).
October 17: Last Quarter Moon at 17:15 UTC (or, 12:15 p. m. CDT on 10/17).
October 25: New Moon at 10:48 UTC (or, 5:48 a. m. CDT on 10/25).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time.
Sky Roundup for September
Astronomical highlights for the month of September 2022
Summer's End, Fall's Start
Our astronomical calendar, known as the Gregorian calendar, marks the changes of seasons for the modern world and is aligned to the motion of Earth in relation to the Sun. For many peoples, too, the calendar it ostensibly replaced, known as the Julian calendar, is still used to govern the lives of its adherents.
Aside from a comparison of important feast days that both calendars seek to reconcile, either calendar appears out of step with the "feel" of the seasons. That is, though the modern calendar can mark the dates for the changes of seasons, the feel of the local weather appears to precede the actual "official" (or astronomical) start of each season.
In actual fact, meteorologists do use a separate calendar that does indeed track the changes of seasons by the appearance and feel of the weather. This is known as the meteorological calendar, which groups weather conditions within a given calendar year to a set of four, even, three-month periods, so that weather cycles and statistics can be tracked consistently.
So, though the season of Autumn does not start, at least by the astronomical calendar, until later this month (see the Sky Roundup Almanac, below), the meteorological calendar already recognizes Fall's start. It's almost as if the astronomical season of Autumn has its own false start.
So for this month, let's see what can get us started to go outside and observe.
In our September sky, the Moon, our closest natural neighbor in outer space, runs through all of its usual phases. Named to mark the extra welcome light for gathering in the harvest after sundown, this month's full phase in folklore is known as the Harvest Moon.
Ringed Saturn (in Capricornus, the Sea-Goat) and bright Jupiter (now in Pisces, the Fishes) are seen in the eastern sky after sundown and dominate all night long till dawn. (See first chart, just below.) Both are superb to be seen through a telescope of modest aperture.
Aside from a comparison of important feast days that both calendars seek to reconcile, either calendar appears out of step with the "feel" of the seasons. That is, though the modern calendar can mark the dates for the changes of seasons, the feel of the local weather appears to precede the actual "official" (or astronomical) start of each season.
In actual fact, meteorologists do use a separate calendar that does indeed track the changes of seasons by the appearance and feel of the weather. This is known as the meteorological calendar, which groups weather conditions within a given calendar year to a set of four, even, three-month periods, so that weather cycles and statistics can be tracked consistently.
So, though the season of Autumn does not start, at least by the astronomical calendar, until later this month (see the Sky Roundup Almanac, below), the meteorological calendar already recognizes Fall's start. It's almost as if the astronomical season of Autumn has its own false start.
So for this month, let's see what can get us started to go outside and observe.
In our September sky, the Moon, our closest natural neighbor in outer space, runs through all of its usual phases. Named to mark the extra welcome light for gathering in the harvest after sundown, this month's full phase in folklore is known as the Harvest Moon.
Ringed Saturn (in Capricornus, the Sea-Goat) and bright Jupiter (now in Pisces, the Fishes) are seen in the eastern sky after sundown and dominate all night long till dawn. (See first chart, just below.) Both are superb to be seen through a telescope of modest aperture.
A large binocular will reveal (at least) the Galilean satellites, four of the larger moons named after Galileo, who observed them through his own telescope and noted their appearance. An example appears (just below) of a view of these moons through a small telescope or large binocular, as snapped with a cell phone. For the time this shot was quickly snapped, low to the left of the overexposed blob of Jupiter is Callisto; to the upper right in a row are Io, Europa, Ganymede.
All this month one can also take in a wealth of detail across the Milky Way, which rides high in the sky in late Summer and early Autumn. Amid this rich swath of stars are numerous star clusters that can be viewed well with telescopes or binoculars. (See second chart, just below, for various seasonal favorites, best seen due south by 9 p. m. locally.)
After midnight this month, Mars can be seen readily in the eastern sky, clearly reddish-orange in appearance. In the coming months, its reflected light will brighten and its angular diameter, as seen through a telescope, will increase, as Earth and Mars close the gap of distance between them. This is normal and happens about every two years as the two worlds revolve around the Sun. (See third chart for this month, just below, for Mars' location in the sky after midnight.)
Mars will reach opposition (when Mars then is closest to Earth) by the first week of December this year. By then it will appear its brightest and widest (as seen in a telescope) in almost two years (since its last opposition).
Note, too (in the chart. above), that we get a sneak preview of coming attractions, as the constellation Orion has cleared the horizon by Fall's start and will dominate the sky through the season of Winter.
By month's end just ahead of sunup, Venus and Mercury may be just glimpsed at the horizon, but still lost amid the glare of the rising Sun. (See fourth chart for this month, just below, for these planets' relative location by month's end in the pre-dawn sky.)
Note, too (in the chart. above), that we get a sneak preview of coming attractions, as the constellation Orion has cleared the horizon by Fall's start and will dominate the sky through the season of Winter.
By month's end just ahead of sunup, Venus and Mercury may be just glimpsed at the horizon, but still lost amid the glare of the rising Sun. (See fourth chart for this month, just below, for these planets' relative location by month's end in the pre-dawn sky.)
As Summer draws to its end this month, let's not get a false start on observing some of the remaining splendors of Summer's sky and the wonders of early Autumn's sky.
Go out outside and behold the heavens.
Go out outside and behold the heavens.
UPDATE: Just to show again (as in previous installments of Sky Roundup) what one can do on a clear night with a hand-held cell phone, this image (below) is a shot of the Moon in waxing gibbous phase (i.e., before Full Moon), taken at about 12:45 a. m., September 9, 2022, through a homebuilt Newtonian reflecting telescope (of six-inch aperture and f/5.6 focal ratio) at 42x magnification. Not a bad image; passable.
Sky Roundup Almanac for September 2022
September 03: First Quarter Moon at 18:07 UTC (or 1:07 p. m. CDT on 09/03).
September 10: Full Moon at 13:59 UTC (or, 8:59 a. m. CDT on 09/10). Harvest Moon!
September 17: Last Quarter Moon at 21:52 UTC (or, 4:52 p. m. CDT on 09/17).
September 23: Autumnal Equinox at 1:03 UTC (or, 8:03 p. m. CDT on 09/22).
September 25: New Moon at 21:54 UTC (or, 4:54 p. m. CDT on 09/25).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time.
September 10: Full Moon at 13:59 UTC (or, 8:59 a. m. CDT on 09/10). Harvest Moon!
September 17: Last Quarter Moon at 21:52 UTC (or, 4:52 p. m. CDT on 09/17).
September 23: Autumnal Equinox at 1:03 UTC (or, 8:03 p. m. CDT on 09/22).
September 25: New Moon at 21:54 UTC (or, 4:54 p. m. CDT on 09/25).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time.
Sky Roundup for August
Astronomical highlights for the month of August 2022
Midnight Meteor Madness
August is that month for the lazy, hazy, crazy days of Summer; but, it's also well known for the annual Perseid meteor shower, which peaks on or about August 12. For those across the great Midwest, this year has the peak occurring around 11 p. m. to midnight (CDT) on that date, or, at about 3:00 UTC August 13th. That is, owing to the time difference between the Central time zone during Daylight Saving Time and the Greenwich time zone, which is the basis for the time standard of Coordinated Universal Time (abbreviated UTC), look for the peak prior to, and leading to, the hour of midnight. But that's not the only time to view the Perseids.
Usually, observers are asked to look for the Perseids after midnight and on toward dawn, as Earth advances in its orbit through the wake of debris left by the passage of Comet Swift-Tuttle, that heralds the start of the Perseids. That's still true, but the Perseids can be viewed days prior to the date of the peak, too. This particular shower is typified with fast, bright meteors, colorful smoky trains, and the occasional fireball. Unfortunately, the Full Moon will compete with viewing the peak of the Perseids. Still, here's how the Peseids can look, as they stream from their radiant in the constellation, Perseus.
Elsewhere in our August sky, of course the Moon, our nearest celestial neighbor, appears through all of its usual phases. Named to mark a time when waters of the Great Lakes team with a particular freshwater fish, this month's phase in folklore is known as the Full Sturgeon Moon.
In previous months, early risers have been treated to a parade of planets in the pre-dawn sky. It's still worth rising early to glimpse the planets, but the parade has spread across the sky, so that, for example, famously ringed Saturn (in Capricornis, the Sea-Goat) and mighty Jupiter (just barely in Cetus, the Whale) rise in the eastern sky and are high enough above the horizon by 2:00 a. m. to be seen clearly. (See chart, just below. Yes, a planet can wander into a star pattern that's not a Zodiac constellation.)
Note that distant Uranus is seen in the vicinity of Mars, as it appears from our earthly vantage, and, can make a tempting target for a telescope.
Usually, observers are asked to look for the Perseids after midnight and on toward dawn, as Earth advances in its orbit through the wake of debris left by the passage of Comet Swift-Tuttle, that heralds the start of the Perseids. That's still true, but the Perseids can be viewed days prior to the date of the peak, too. This particular shower is typified with fast, bright meteors, colorful smoky trains, and the occasional fireball. Unfortunately, the Full Moon will compete with viewing the peak of the Perseids. Still, here's how the Peseids can look, as they stream from their radiant in the constellation, Perseus.
Elsewhere in our August sky, of course the Moon, our nearest celestial neighbor, appears through all of its usual phases. Named to mark a time when waters of the Great Lakes team with a particular freshwater fish, this month's phase in folklore is known as the Full Sturgeon Moon.
In previous months, early risers have been treated to a parade of planets in the pre-dawn sky. It's still worth rising early to glimpse the planets, but the parade has spread across the sky, so that, for example, famously ringed Saturn (in Capricornis, the Sea-Goat) and mighty Jupiter (just barely in Cetus, the Whale) rise in the eastern sky and are high enough above the horizon by 2:00 a. m. to be seen clearly. (See chart, just below. Yes, a planet can wander into a star pattern that's not a Zodiac constellation.)
Note that distant Uranus is seen in the vicinity of Mars, as it appears from our earthly vantage, and, can make a tempting target for a telescope.
By pre-dawn twilight, brilliant white Venus, can be seen early in the month, though Mercury, previously glimpsed just at the horizon during the recent months-long pre-dawn planet parade, is now lost in the glare of the Sun. Venus heads toward the Sun by month's end, too.
Aiugust may have its share of the lazy, hazy, crazy days of Summer; but, don't slack off on observing, look skyward on a clear night, and ponder the serene sense of a starry, summertime sky.
Aiugust may have its share of the lazy, hazy, crazy days of Summer; but, don't slack off on observing, look skyward on a clear night, and ponder the serene sense of a starry, summertime sky.
UPDATE: Just to show once again what one can do on a clear night with a hand-held cell phone, this image (below, at f /1.8, 1/15 second exposure, ISO 1923) captures this month's Supermoon, taken at 1:25 a. m. CDT on August 12, 2022, through a homebuilt Newtonian reflecting telescope (of six-inch aperture and f/5.6 focal ratio) at 42x magnification.
Sky Roundup Almanac for August 2022
August 05: First Quarter Moon at 14:06 UTC (or 9:06 a. m. CDT on 08/05).
August 11: Full Moon at 1:35 UTC (or, 8:35 p. m. CDT on 08/11). Supermoon!
August 12: Peak of Perseid meteor shower!
August 18: Last Quarter Moon at 4:36 UTC (or, 11:36 p. m. CDT on 08/18).
August 27: New Moon at 8:17 UTC (or, 3:17 a. m. CDT on 08/27).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time.
August 11: Full Moon at 1:35 UTC (or, 8:35 p. m. CDT on 08/11). Supermoon!
August 12: Peak of Perseid meteor shower!
August 18: Last Quarter Moon at 4:36 UTC (or, 11:36 p. m. CDT on 08/18).
August 27: New Moon at 8:17 UTC (or, 3:17 a. m. CDT on 08/27).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time.
Sky Roundup for July
Astronomical highlights for the month of July 2022
Stars of Red, White, and Blue
This month in July we celebrate our nation's founding, stated so forthrightly in the opening sentences of the Declaration of Independence, the spirit and tenor of which are especially encapsulated in that second sentence:
“We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness."
Let us celebrate the blessings of liberty that the document enshrines, and remember the sacrifices that brave men and women undertook to keep that spirit alive and that tenor clear.
Perhaps as we lift our eyes up to pledge allegiance to our nation's flag, or, look higher up to see fireworks --- "the rocket's red glare, the bomb bursting in air" --- we may look higher still to take in the majesty of a clear night sky.
Across the vault of the night sky, the stars on a clear night, away from bright lights, span the heavens. One first item to note is that most stars appear to glow white. Hotter than white hot, the stars do indeed glow hot, but the apparent lack of color has more to do with the make-up of our eye than with any lack of color among the stars.
For example, our eyes appear better suited to seeing in daylight than at night (though some research suggests a basic shift in eyeball operation from day to night). Still, we can see at night; it's just that eyes adjust to differences in light sensitivity, so some objects may appear pale (or in shades of gray) and not as colorful as by day. This is offered as one reason as to why most stars in the night sky appear white (for lack of another word for white, since white is more the absence of color than a color itself. See this link that explains the phenomenon in color theory.)
But stars do have color, i.e., colors on the visible electromagnetic spectrum that represent (among other features) their surface temperature. Hot stars (i.e., emitting a hotter color on the electromagnetic spectrum) will appear bluish-white, whereas cooler stars (but still plenty hot, by our own terms of temperature) emit a reddish-white color. Our own Sun is midway between these extremes, hence its yellow-white color and relative surface temperature.
The astronomer's depiction of stars' colors may appear subtle; that is, what they term a "red" star may appear orangey to our eye. But the star may indeed be defined as red, due to its relative surface temperature, its age, and its mass. Our own view of color, as seen by our eyes, is that we're used to seeing pure, distinct, vibrant colors of the visible portion of the EM spectrum, when represented, say, in a rainbow after a summer storm.
So for the month of July, in keeping with the patriotic theme of our nation's founding, one can gaze skyward and see several examples of stars of red, white, and blue, a sampling of stars that portrays the colors of our nation's flag. It will help to have a telescope of modest aperture.
High overhead in the summertime sky is the asterism of the Summer Triangle, which contains the three bright stars Vega, Deneb, and Altair. Two of those bright stars, Vega (in Lyra, the Lyre) and Deneb (in Cygnus the Swan) are bright, bluish stars. Vega, one vertex of the Summer Triangle, is a blue giant star, only 25 light-years away, though it appears to our eyes as a bright white star. By contrast, Deneb, another vertex and the tail of the Swan, is an even larger, supergiant blue star and many thousands of light-years distant; its color is tinged slightly bluish as seen through a telescope.
Within Cygnus is also Albireo, the head of the Swan and the most distinct (and pleasingly) blue star that one is likely to view anywhere in the night sky. Accompanied by a brighter, golden companion, this double star is arguably the finest pair to view through a telescope.
In that same Summer sky, one looks to the south and can view reddish Antares, the brightest star in the constellation Scorpius (the Scorpion); by its temperature and size it's a red supergiant star.
Elsewhere in our July sky, of course the Moon, our nearest celestial neighbor, appears through all of its usual phases. A little less than usual is that this month's Full Moon phase is also a Supermoon, which means its light will shine just a bit brighter than a usual Full Moon. Named to mark a time when antlers of deer grow in size and extent, this month's phase in folklore is known as the Full Buck Moon.
A patriotic month deserves a parade on the Fourth of July. The pre-dawn sky obliges with its own parade of planets. As in recent months, our celestial neighbors in the Solar System line up in a wide span across the east-southeast sky before sunrise. All month long by pre-dawn twilight, the planets of pinkish Mercury, brilliant white Venus, ruddy Mars, bright white Jupiter, and pale white Saturn spread across the sky up from the horizon, arranged in order of appearance from the Sun! (See chart, below, for this month.)
“We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness."
Let us celebrate the blessings of liberty that the document enshrines, and remember the sacrifices that brave men and women undertook to keep that spirit alive and that tenor clear.
Perhaps as we lift our eyes up to pledge allegiance to our nation's flag, or, look higher up to see fireworks --- "the rocket's red glare, the bomb bursting in air" --- we may look higher still to take in the majesty of a clear night sky.
Across the vault of the night sky, the stars on a clear night, away from bright lights, span the heavens. One first item to note is that most stars appear to glow white. Hotter than white hot, the stars do indeed glow hot, but the apparent lack of color has more to do with the make-up of our eye than with any lack of color among the stars.
For example, our eyes appear better suited to seeing in daylight than at night (though some research suggests a basic shift in eyeball operation from day to night). Still, we can see at night; it's just that eyes adjust to differences in light sensitivity, so some objects may appear pale (or in shades of gray) and not as colorful as by day. This is offered as one reason as to why most stars in the night sky appear white (for lack of another word for white, since white is more the absence of color than a color itself. See this link that explains the phenomenon in color theory.)
But stars do have color, i.e., colors on the visible electromagnetic spectrum that represent (among other features) their surface temperature. Hot stars (i.e., emitting a hotter color on the electromagnetic spectrum) will appear bluish-white, whereas cooler stars (but still plenty hot, by our own terms of temperature) emit a reddish-white color. Our own Sun is midway between these extremes, hence its yellow-white color and relative surface temperature.
The astronomer's depiction of stars' colors may appear subtle; that is, what they term a "red" star may appear orangey to our eye. But the star may indeed be defined as red, due to its relative surface temperature, its age, and its mass. Our own view of color, as seen by our eyes, is that we're used to seeing pure, distinct, vibrant colors of the visible portion of the EM spectrum, when represented, say, in a rainbow after a summer storm.
So for the month of July, in keeping with the patriotic theme of our nation's founding, one can gaze skyward and see several examples of stars of red, white, and blue, a sampling of stars that portrays the colors of our nation's flag. It will help to have a telescope of modest aperture.
High overhead in the summertime sky is the asterism of the Summer Triangle, which contains the three bright stars Vega, Deneb, and Altair. Two of those bright stars, Vega (in Lyra, the Lyre) and Deneb (in Cygnus the Swan) are bright, bluish stars. Vega, one vertex of the Summer Triangle, is a blue giant star, only 25 light-years away, though it appears to our eyes as a bright white star. By contrast, Deneb, another vertex and the tail of the Swan, is an even larger, supergiant blue star and many thousands of light-years distant; its color is tinged slightly bluish as seen through a telescope.
Within Cygnus is also Albireo, the head of the Swan and the most distinct (and pleasingly) blue star that one is likely to view anywhere in the night sky. Accompanied by a brighter, golden companion, this double star is arguably the finest pair to view through a telescope.
In that same Summer sky, one looks to the south and can view reddish Antares, the brightest star in the constellation Scorpius (the Scorpion); by its temperature and size it's a red supergiant star.
Elsewhere in our July sky, of course the Moon, our nearest celestial neighbor, appears through all of its usual phases. A little less than usual is that this month's Full Moon phase is also a Supermoon, which means its light will shine just a bit brighter than a usual Full Moon. Named to mark a time when antlers of deer grow in size and extent, this month's phase in folklore is known as the Full Buck Moon.
A patriotic month deserves a parade on the Fourth of July. The pre-dawn sky obliges with its own parade of planets. As in recent months, our celestial neighbors in the Solar System line up in a wide span across the east-southeast sky before sunrise. All month long by pre-dawn twilight, the planets of pinkish Mercury, brilliant white Venus, ruddy Mars, bright white Jupiter, and pale white Saturn spread across the sky up from the horizon, arranged in order of appearance from the Sun! (See chart, below, for this month.)
Celebrate the nation's founding with the red, white, and blue. Also look to get outdoors on a clear night or up before sunrise, to find for yourself the colors of stars.
UPDATE: Just to show what one can do on a clear night with a hand-held cell phone, this image (below) is a shot of this month's Supermoon, taken just shortly after midnight on July 14, 2022, through a homebuilt Newtonian reflecting telescope (of six-inch aperture and f/5.6 focal ratio) at 42x magnification.
Sky Roundup Almanac for July 2022
July 06: First Quarter Moon at 2:14 UTC (or 9:14 p. m. CDT on 07/06).
July 13: Full Moon at 18:37 UTC (or, 1:37 p. m. CDT on 07/13). Supermoon!
July 20: Last Quarter Moon at 14:18 UTC (or, 9:18 a. m. CDT on 07/20);
July 28: New Moon at 17:54 UTC (or, 12:54 p. m. CDT on 07/28).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time.
Sky Roundup for June
Astronomical highlights for the month of June 2022
Don't Miss the Moon in June
This month in June we see a long line of planets before sunup and the Moon attending the pre-dawn parade at various times. Named in folklore as the Full Strawberry Moon, our nearest celestial neighbor also comes closer to us at this month's Full Moon phase to be a Supermoon, so its light will shine just a tad brighter than a usual Full Moon.
As for the parade of planets, look for them in a wide span of eastern sky before sunrise as our farther celestial neighbors extend up from the horizon. All month long by pre-dawn twilight, the planets of Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn spread across the southeast sky, arranged in order of appearance from the Sun! By the end of this month, all are fairly well-placed above the horizon (by 5 a. m.) for easy viewing. (See first chart, below, for this month.)
As for the parade of planets, look for them in a wide span of eastern sky before sunrise as our farther celestial neighbors extend up from the horizon. All month long by pre-dawn twilight, the planets of Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn spread across the southeast sky, arranged in order of appearance from the Sun! By the end of this month, all are fairly well-placed above the horizon (by 5 a. m.) for easy viewing. (See first chart, below, for this month.)
From mid-month until month's end, the Moon sidles up to each planet, in turn, from Saturn to Mercury during its waning phases. So, morning after morning, the Moon will appear to move farther east across the southeast sky and draw close to, and then pass, each planet in succession, as it makes its way to the Sun's glare.
Each meeting of the Moon with a planet is called a conjunction; that is, when the Moon and a planet have the same meridian of right acscension, which is the sky equivalent of longitude. But when the Moon appears close to one or more planets (as the Moon will surely be to several planets after mid-month), then the apparition in the sky is called an appulse. Both conjunctions and appulses with the Moon can be pleasing sights to see in pre-dawn twilight.
And just like last month's lunar eclipse, each lunar conjunction or appulse can be imaged with one's cell phone and a good binocular or a small telescope. As described last month, simply holding a cell phone up to the ocular of a binocular or to the eyepiece of a telescope will allow one to snap off many shots in succession. That is, either carefully center the phone's camera lens over the eyepiece by hand or fasten the camera to the eyepiece with an inexpensive attachment (such as this one or this one or this one) can yield some good images.
And remember that this parade of planets and the sidling Moon will help to usher in the start of Summer with its first day marked by the Summer Solstice.
If you're out and about before dawn, walking the dog, getting some exercise, or waiting for Summer to start, be sure to rise early enough and look to the eastern and southeastern skies to see a real celestial treat.
Each meeting of the Moon with a planet is called a conjunction; that is, when the Moon and a planet have the same meridian of right acscension, which is the sky equivalent of longitude. But when the Moon appears close to one or more planets (as the Moon will surely be to several planets after mid-month), then the apparition in the sky is called an appulse. Both conjunctions and appulses with the Moon can be pleasing sights to see in pre-dawn twilight.
And just like last month's lunar eclipse, each lunar conjunction or appulse can be imaged with one's cell phone and a good binocular or a small telescope. As described last month, simply holding a cell phone up to the ocular of a binocular or to the eyepiece of a telescope will allow one to snap off many shots in succession. That is, either carefully center the phone's camera lens over the eyepiece by hand or fasten the camera to the eyepiece with an inexpensive attachment (such as this one or this one or this one) can yield some good images.
And remember that this parade of planets and the sidling Moon will help to usher in the start of Summer with its first day marked by the Summer Solstice.
If you're out and about before dawn, walking the dog, getting some exercise, or waiting for Summer to start, be sure to rise early enough and look to the eastern and southeastern skies to see a real celestial treat.
Sky Roundup Almanac for June 2022
June 07: First Quarter Moon at 14:48 UTC (or 9:48 a. m. CDT on 06/07).
June 14: Full Moon at 11:51 UTC (or, 6:51 a. m. CDT on 06/14). Supermoon!
June 21: Summer Solstice, 1st day of Summer at 9:14 UTC (or, 4:14 a. m. CDT).
June 21: Last Quarter Moon at 4:10 UTC (or, 10:10 p. m. CDT on 06/21).
June 28: New Moon at 3:52 UTC (or, 9:52 p. m. CDT on 06/28).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
June 14: Full Moon at 11:51 UTC (or, 6:51 a. m. CDT on 06/14). Supermoon!
June 21: Summer Solstice, 1st day of Summer at 9:14 UTC (or, 4:14 a. m. CDT).
June 21: Last Quarter Moon at 4:10 UTC (or, 10:10 p. m. CDT on 06/21).
June 28: New Moon at 3:52 UTC (or, 9:52 p. m. CDT on 06/28).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for May
Astronomical highlights for the month of May 2022
Make Way for the Moon in May
Though the month of May is designated in folklore as that time to expect flowers to bloom, the Moon, this month's Full Flower Moon, puts forth a fine, natural display by mid-month, as a lunar eclipse takes over the full phase of the Moon, our nearest celestial neighbor. If weather permits in your area, it'll be a special celestial phenomenon to see.
Occasionally nicknamed a "Blood Moon", owing to its ruddy hue at mid-eclipse, this month's eclipse will be widely visible, local weather permitting, and, will start relatively early in the evening for those across much of the USA and especially for those observers across the great Midwest. (See Sky Roundup Almanac, below).
It can be rewarding to snap a picture of the eclipse's midpoint, at which time the Moon will show at its ruddiest. Though we do not know until the eclipse actually occurs what depth of reddish hue the Moon will show, observers of this wonderful natural phenomenon will not need very special equipment to capture a few celestial memories.
With the ubiquity of cell phones (that have a built-in camera), even a casual observer can be set up to snap dozens of images (perhaps even to make a time lapse or a composite image). A binocular on a camera tripod or a modest telescope (i.e., one of relatively small aperture) on a steady mount will be sufficient optical aid.
Simply holding a cell phone up to the ocular of the binocular or to the eyepiece of the telescope will allow one to snap off many shots in succession. That is, either carefully center the phone's camera lens over the eyepiece by hand or fasten the camera to the eyepiece with an inexpensive attachment (such as this one or this one or this one).
This month can be a special time to get outdoors to view the night sky, and especially to see the Moon. Not only by folklore have rains come and gone, but flowers are indeed now in bloom as the weather warms toward Summer.
And celestial phenomena, like eclipses, are more than just month-to-month folklore about the Moon. Eclipses as seen from Earth's surface only occur for us on Earth (yes, as seen from a planet's surface, not floating above it); nowhere else in the Solar System does one find the right combo of angular size and relative distance that allows observers that vantage to stand on the surface of their home world and see a moon immersed in the shadow of its parent planet.
Now that's a special celestial phenomenon.
Occasionally nicknamed a "Blood Moon", owing to its ruddy hue at mid-eclipse, this month's eclipse will be widely visible, local weather permitting, and, will start relatively early in the evening for those across much of the USA and especially for those observers across the great Midwest. (See Sky Roundup Almanac, below).
It can be rewarding to snap a picture of the eclipse's midpoint, at which time the Moon will show at its ruddiest. Though we do not know until the eclipse actually occurs what depth of reddish hue the Moon will show, observers of this wonderful natural phenomenon will not need very special equipment to capture a few celestial memories.
With the ubiquity of cell phones (that have a built-in camera), even a casual observer can be set up to snap dozens of images (perhaps even to make a time lapse or a composite image). A binocular on a camera tripod or a modest telescope (i.e., one of relatively small aperture) on a steady mount will be sufficient optical aid.
Simply holding a cell phone up to the ocular of the binocular or to the eyepiece of the telescope will allow one to snap off many shots in succession. That is, either carefully center the phone's camera lens over the eyepiece by hand or fasten the camera to the eyepiece with an inexpensive attachment (such as this one or this one or this one).
This month can be a special time to get outdoors to view the night sky, and especially to see the Moon. Not only by folklore have rains come and gone, but flowers are indeed now in bloom as the weather warms toward Summer.
And celestial phenomena, like eclipses, are more than just month-to-month folklore about the Moon. Eclipses as seen from Earth's surface only occur for us on Earth (yes, as seen from a planet's surface, not floating above it); nowhere else in the Solar System does one find the right combo of angular size and relative distance that allows observers that vantage to stand on the surface of their home world and see a moon immersed in the shadow of its parent planet.
Now that's a special celestial phenomenon.
UPDATE: Rain and clouds beset parts of the great Midwest the night of the lunar eclipse, though some observers were spared this indignity and could enjoy this fine sight just the same.
So, for those who had the good fortune of cooperative weather on the night of May 15, that total lunar eclipse was well worth the time to stay up and view it.
In the image (below), a handheld phone captures the deep reddish hue, characteristic of a total lunar eclipse, just minutes before 11 p. m. CDT.
So, for those who had the good fortune of cooperative weather on the night of May 15, that total lunar eclipse was well worth the time to stay up and view it.
In the image (below), a handheld phone captures the deep reddish hue, characteristic of a total lunar eclipse, just minutes before 11 p. m. CDT.
Sky Roundup Almanac for May 2022
May 08: First Quarter Moon at 00:21 UTC (or 7:21 p. m. CDT on 05/08).
May 15: Full Moon at 04:14 UTC (or, 11:14 p. m. CDT on 05/15). Total lunar eclipse! (Local times at this link.)
May 22: Last Quarter Moon at 18:43 UTC (or, 1:43 p. m. CDT on 05/22).
May 30: New Moon at 11:30 UTC (or, 6:30 a. m. CDT on 05/30).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
May 15: Full Moon at 04:14 UTC (or, 11:14 p. m. CDT on 05/15). Total lunar eclipse! (Local times at this link.)
May 22: Last Quarter Moon at 18:43 UTC (or, 1:43 p. m. CDT on 05/22).
May 30: New Moon at 11:30 UTC (or, 6:30 a. m. CDT on 05/30).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for April
Astronomical highlights for the month of April 2022
No Time for Fools
Shake off the torpor of Winter season and begin to Spring into observing. Time, too, to shed the masks imposed during these virus times and breathe deeply the Springtime scents of moist earth and early blooms.
While April is the traditional Midwest month for rain and showers, it can be that same necessary time to size up and clean one's observing equipment, to get it ship-shape for the warm months of the year. Use time wisely, for as it is said, "Lost time is never found again".
Don't waste time lying in bed all morning; rise and embrace the day. Take time this month to get up before sunup and gaze eastward, for several planets line up along the ecliptic for an Easter parade all their own in morning twilight (see chart, just below). Jupiter, Venus, Mars, and Saturn make for a pleasing sight in the pre-dawn sky. Aim a telescope at any one of them for a close-up view of the closer residents of our solar neighborhood.
While April is the traditional Midwest month for rain and showers, it can be that same necessary time to size up and clean one's observing equipment, to get it ship-shape for the warm months of the year. Use time wisely, for as it is said, "Lost time is never found again".
Don't waste time lying in bed all morning; rise and embrace the day. Take time this month to get up before sunup and gaze eastward, for several planets line up along the ecliptic for an Easter parade all their own in morning twilight (see chart, just below). Jupiter, Venus, Mars, and Saturn make for a pleasing sight in the pre-dawn sky. Aim a telescope at any one of them for a close-up view of the closer residents of our solar neighborhood.
There is never time wasted observing the Moon. Gazing at Earth's nearest celestial neighbor can always be rewarding, and, even more with optical aid, such as a modest telescope.
By this link, the Moon is known as the Full Pink Moon, as during this month may be seen the first blooms of white, lavender and pink phlox covering the greening landscape. By the way, the Moon has a variety of other fanciful names to herald the Spring season, namely, the Breaking Ice Moon, the Frog Moon, the Sugar Maker Moon, and others.
It'd be foolish to wait or anticipate a night to observe when the weather may be ideal, for in the usually rainy month of April that night may never come.
As it has been uttered in good literature: "All we have to decide is what to do with the time that is given us."
By this link, the Moon is known as the Full Pink Moon, as during this month may be seen the first blooms of white, lavender and pink phlox covering the greening landscape. By the way, the Moon has a variety of other fanciful names to herald the Spring season, namely, the Breaking Ice Moon, the Frog Moon, the Sugar Maker Moon, and others.
It'd be foolish to wait or anticipate a night to observe when the weather may be ideal, for in the usually rainy month of April that night may never come.
As it has been uttered in good literature: "All we have to decide is what to do with the time that is given us."
Sky Roundup Almanac for April 2022
April 01: New Moon at 6:24 UTC (or, 1:24 a. m. CDT on 04/01).
April 09: First Quarter Moon at 6:47 UTC (or 1:47 a. m. CDT on 04/09).
April 16: Full Moon at 18:55 UTC (or, 1:55 p. m. CDT on 04/16).
April 23: Last Quarter Moon at 11:56 UTC (or, 6:56 a. m. CDT on 04/23).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
April 09: First Quarter Moon at 6:47 UTC (or 1:47 a. m. CDT on 04/09).
April 16: Full Moon at 18:55 UTC (or, 1:55 p. m. CDT on 04/16).
April 23: Last Quarter Moon at 11:56 UTC (or, 6:56 a. m. CDT on 04/23).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for March
Astronomical highlights for the month of March 2022
Breathe Freely, See Clearly
In these virus times, mandates appear to be ending. At least to some, for now. And it is becoming plain with each passing week that the onerous requirements of the past two years (for example, here) were imposed in such draconian fashion (for example, in various ways here). As it appears, such measures (as revealed here) were not only misguided and unnecessary, but concocted and calculated. But rather than dwell on any past inconvenience felt, we now need to focus on actual consequences suffered.
In addition, let’s look ahead to start a new season, not only of Spring, but of a greater discernment about the truth of our natural world and how it works, including the night sky. We can start with a glimpse of Earth's nearest celestial neighbor, the Moon, which, by this link, is known as the Full Worm Moon, for the appearance of those wriggly little creatures that squirm out of the ground after a bout of Spring rain.
Let the folklore name of the Moon this month be a little reminder that we've tolerated enough, that the worm has turned. We need to hold all to account. Time now for both truth to emerge and justice to prevail.
For this month, too, don’t forget to "spring forward" with Daylight Saving Time, as we look ahead to the start of Spring.
In addition, let’s look ahead to start a new season, not only of Spring, but of a greater discernment about the truth of our natural world and how it works, including the night sky. We can start with a glimpse of Earth's nearest celestial neighbor, the Moon, which, by this link, is known as the Full Worm Moon, for the appearance of those wriggly little creatures that squirm out of the ground after a bout of Spring rain.
Let the folklore name of the Moon this month be a little reminder that we've tolerated enough, that the worm has turned. We need to hold all to account. Time now for both truth to emerge and justice to prevail.
For this month, too, don’t forget to "spring forward" with Daylight Saving Time, as we look ahead to the start of Spring.
Sky Roundup Almanac for March 2022
March 02: New Moon at 17:34 UTC (or, 11:34 a. m. CST on 03/02).
March 10: First Quarter Moon at 10:45 UTC (or 4:45 a. m. CST on 03/10).
March 13: Daylight Saving Time; set clocks ahead one hour before bedtime.
March 20: Vernal Equinox at 15:33 UTC (or 10:33 a. m. CDT on 03/20).
March 18: Full Moon at 7:17 UTC (or, 2:17 a. m. CDT on 03/18).
March 25: Last Quarter Moon at 5:37 UTC (or, 12:37 a. m. CDT on 03/25).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time and Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
March 10: First Quarter Moon at 10:45 UTC (or 4:45 a. m. CST on 03/10).
March 13: Daylight Saving Time; set clocks ahead one hour before bedtime.
March 20: Vernal Equinox at 15:33 UTC (or 10:33 a. m. CDT on 03/20).
March 18: Full Moon at 7:17 UTC (or, 2:17 a. m. CDT on 03/18).
March 25: Last Quarter Moon at 5:37 UTC (or, 12:37 a. m. CDT on 03/25).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time and Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for February
Astronomical highlights for the month of February 2022
Short Month, Long Nights
Our modern calendar attempts to speed through the Winter season with a deliberately short month on the calendar, as February was considered an unlucky month long ago, but is still packed with several fine holidays (and a number of amusing or odd ones) to keep us feeling fortunate.
It may be a short month on the calendar (and a short Sky Roundup this month to match), but we still can feel fortunate to have the light from Earth's nearest celestial neighbor, the Moon, which, by this link, is known as the Full Snow Moon, for its expected heavy snow in this month.
If the snow falls and the skies clear, then shovel a path to a place outside and feel lucky to see the skies.
It may be a short month on the calendar (and a short Sky Roundup this month to match), but we still can feel fortunate to have the light from Earth's nearest celestial neighbor, the Moon, which, by this link, is known as the Full Snow Moon, for its expected heavy snow in this month.
If the snow falls and the skies clear, then shovel a path to a place outside and feel lucky to see the skies.
Sky Roundup Almanac for February 2022
February 08: First Quarter Moon at 13:50 UTC (or, 7:50 a. m. CST on 02/08).
February 16: Full Moon at 16:56 UTC (or 10:56 a. m. CST on 02/16).
February 23: Last Quarter Moon at 22:32 UTC (or, 4:32 p. m. CST on 02/23).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA
February 16: Full Moon at 16:56 UTC (or 10:56 a. m. CST on 02/16).
February 23: Last Quarter Moon at 22:32 UTC (or, 4:32 p. m. CST on 02/23).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA
Sky Roundup for January
Astronomical highlights for the month of January 2022
A New Year That Can Be Happy
Amid the headlong plunge through the recent holidays, we greet the New Year with a swirl of stories of troubles near home and abroad. And hasn’t that been the case since time immemorial? Every year we are beset with a reminder of things undone from times long past, and, then, with a host of resolutions to reset all and start anew.
On that latter note, there is a sensible way to view any new year: as a sign of renewed vigor to complete our tasks and not as any failing of effort. One can commend the things undone as useful work be accomplished, and, all in good time. There will be those who may be on the hunt to make us all conform to their timetable of accomplishment or their mandate of perspective; but, we must resist such efforts.
Any reset to start anew, however one perceives it, does not need to be grand and sweeping from some arbitrary global point of view, just achievable from one’s own human and spiritual perspective. So, make this New Year as happy as you able to do so.
In the interim, when feasible and not cloudy, at least look to these January skies for a glimpse of the light from Earth's nearest celestial neighbor, the Moon, which, by this link, is more popularly known as the Full Wolf Moon, for the call of the wild by packs on the hunt.
Look to the skies, be happy for a New Year, and resist the fear of howls in the night.
On that latter note, there is a sensible way to view any new year: as a sign of renewed vigor to complete our tasks and not as any failing of effort. One can commend the things undone as useful work be accomplished, and, all in good time. There will be those who may be on the hunt to make us all conform to their timetable of accomplishment or their mandate of perspective; but, we must resist such efforts.
Any reset to start anew, however one perceives it, does not need to be grand and sweeping from some arbitrary global point of view, just achievable from one’s own human and spiritual perspective. So, make this New Year as happy as you able to do so.
In the interim, when feasible and not cloudy, at least look to these January skies for a glimpse of the light from Earth's nearest celestial neighbor, the Moon, which, by this link, is more popularly known as the Full Wolf Moon, for the call of the wild by packs on the hunt.
Look to the skies, be happy for a New Year, and resist the fear of howls in the night.
Sky Roundup Almanac for January 2022
January 02: New Moon at 18:33 UTC (or, 12:33 p. m. CST on 01/02).
January 09: First Quarter Moon at 18:11 UTC (or, 12:11 p. m. CST on 01/09).
January 17: Full Moon at 23:48 UTC (or 5:48 p. m. CST on 01/17).
January 25: Last Quarter Moon at 13:40 UTC (or, 7:40 a. m. CST on 01/25).
January 31: New Moon at 17:46 UTC (or, 11:46 p. m. CST on 01/31).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA
January 09: First Quarter Moon at 18:11 UTC (or, 12:11 p. m. CST on 01/09).
January 17: Full Moon at 23:48 UTC (or 5:48 p. m. CST on 01/17).
January 25: Last Quarter Moon at 13:40 UTC (or, 7:40 a. m. CST on 01/25).
January 31: New Moon at 17:46 UTC (or, 11:46 p. m. CST on 01/31).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA
Sky Roundup for December
Astronomical highlights for the month of December 2021
The Night Before Christmas
Since 2009, Roy Kaelin’s installment of Sky Roundup for December has started with his parody of "A Visit of St. Nicholas" and that little tradition continues this year. With apologies to Clement Clark Moore.
'Twas the night before Christmas,
When all through his house
A stargazer was stirring, clicking his mouse;
His mounting set up in the backyard with care,
In hopes that clearing skies soon would be there.
He could’ve been nestled all snug in his bed,
But visions of nebulae danced in his head;
And grabbing a kerchief to dust a lens from its cap,
He caffeined his brain to shun a long winter’s nap--
When out on the lawn there arose such a clatter,
He sprang from his chair to see what was the matter:
Away to his set-up he flew like a flash,
Hoping his ‘scope didn’t loosen and crash.
The moon, on the breast of new-fallen snow,
Gave a luster of mid-day to objects, ya’ know:
When, what to his wandering eyes should appear,
But a case full of eyepieces amid his old gear;
Fellow geeks always bought these, so lively and quick,
He knew in a moment they’d all be heartsick.
More lenses he now owned and savored his claim,
And he whistled, and shouted, and called them by name--
"Now, Brandon! now, Nagler! now, Ethos! and Vixen!
No coma! Flat fields! Star parties I’m blitzin’;
To the top of each planet, to the top of Straight Wall,
I’ll dash to see nebulae, faraway all!"
He gathered his new gear, so pleased he might cry,
And carried all to his ‘scope, its mount to the sky,
So, up past his house-top his ‘scope aimed anew,
A case full of lenses—and such neat stuff too.
With stars all a-twinkling from heat off the roof,
The night sky unveiled its warp and its woof;
As he drew up a chair, and was turning around,
Down next to his ‘scope the ‘gazer came with a bound.
His parka lined in fur
From his head to his foot,
And his clothes came all furnished
With pockets to boot:
This new bunch of toys
He now kept near his back,
And he thrilled like a youngster
As he opened his pack;
His eyes how they twinkled!
Each eyepiece how merry--
Were just what he wanted,
Whence they came he was wary;
Ev’ry ocular gleamed
Each drawn up with a bow,
Who could’ve left them and
Left no tracks in the snow?
He thought for a bit
Of this season of year,
And thought it unlikely he’d
Earned such good cheer.
Still he was thankful
And humbled quite by it;
He vowed to do better
And stay on a diet.
He was chubby and plump--
His right jolly old self;
From too much late snacking
In spite of himself.
A wink of his eye,
And a twist of his head,
Soon gave him to know
Where each eyepiece might thread.
He spoke not a word,
But went straight to his work,
And logged all his sightings:
Then turned with a jerk,
And laying his pencil
Aside of his prose,
And giving a nod,
To his warm room he rose.
He sprang to its desk,
Jotted notes in a whistle,
And away he then flew
To look through a Plössl:
But all heard him exclaim
Ere he gazed in the night,
"Merry Christmas to all,
And to all A Clear Night."
On that breast of new-fallen snow, be sure to get a glimpse of the light from Earth's nearest celestial neighbor, the Moon, which by this link, is more popularly known as the Full Cold Moon, owing to the frigid temperatures typically experienced during this part of the Winter season.
A month that celebrates gifts and giving, let us give thanks for the gift of another year to lift our eyes skyward.
'Twas the night before Christmas,
When all through his house
A stargazer was stirring, clicking his mouse;
His mounting set up in the backyard with care,
In hopes that clearing skies soon would be there.
He could’ve been nestled all snug in his bed,
But visions of nebulae danced in his head;
And grabbing a kerchief to dust a lens from its cap,
He caffeined his brain to shun a long winter’s nap--
When out on the lawn there arose such a clatter,
He sprang from his chair to see what was the matter:
Away to his set-up he flew like a flash,
Hoping his ‘scope didn’t loosen and crash.
The moon, on the breast of new-fallen snow,
Gave a luster of mid-day to objects, ya’ know:
When, what to his wandering eyes should appear,
But a case full of eyepieces amid his old gear;
Fellow geeks always bought these, so lively and quick,
He knew in a moment they’d all be heartsick.
More lenses he now owned and savored his claim,
And he whistled, and shouted, and called them by name--
"Now, Brandon! now, Nagler! now, Ethos! and Vixen!
No coma! Flat fields! Star parties I’m blitzin’;
To the top of each planet, to the top of Straight Wall,
I’ll dash to see nebulae, faraway all!"
He gathered his new gear, so pleased he might cry,
And carried all to his ‘scope, its mount to the sky,
So, up past his house-top his ‘scope aimed anew,
A case full of lenses—and such neat stuff too.
With stars all a-twinkling from heat off the roof,
The night sky unveiled its warp and its woof;
As he drew up a chair, and was turning around,
Down next to his ‘scope the ‘gazer came with a bound.
His parka lined in fur
From his head to his foot,
And his clothes came all furnished
With pockets to boot:
This new bunch of toys
He now kept near his back,
And he thrilled like a youngster
As he opened his pack;
His eyes how they twinkled!
Each eyepiece how merry--
Were just what he wanted,
Whence they came he was wary;
Ev’ry ocular gleamed
Each drawn up with a bow,
Who could’ve left them and
Left no tracks in the snow?
He thought for a bit
Of this season of year,
And thought it unlikely he’d
Earned such good cheer.
Still he was thankful
And humbled quite by it;
He vowed to do better
And stay on a diet.
He was chubby and plump--
His right jolly old self;
From too much late snacking
In spite of himself.
A wink of his eye,
And a twist of his head,
Soon gave him to know
Where each eyepiece might thread.
He spoke not a word,
But went straight to his work,
And logged all his sightings:
Then turned with a jerk,
And laying his pencil
Aside of his prose,
And giving a nod,
To his warm room he rose.
He sprang to its desk,
Jotted notes in a whistle,
And away he then flew
To look through a Plössl:
But all heard him exclaim
Ere he gazed in the night,
"Merry Christmas to all,
And to all A Clear Night."
On that breast of new-fallen snow, be sure to get a glimpse of the light from Earth's nearest celestial neighbor, the Moon, which by this link, is more popularly known as the Full Cold Moon, owing to the frigid temperatures typically experienced during this part of the Winter season.
A month that celebrates gifts and giving, let us give thanks for the gift of another year to lift our eyes skyward.
Sky Roundup Almanac for December 2021
December 05: New Moon at 7:43 UTC (or, 1:43 a. m. CST on 12/04).
December 11: First Quarter Moon at 01:35 UTC (or, 7:35 p. m. CST on 12/10).
December 19: Full Moon at 04:35 UTC (or 10:35 p. m. CST on 12/18).
December 27: Last Quarter Moon at 2:23 UTC (or, 8:23 p. m. CST on 12/26).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA
December 11: First Quarter Moon at 01:35 UTC (or, 7:35 p. m. CST on 12/10).
December 19: Full Moon at 04:35 UTC (or 10:35 p. m. CST on 12/18).
December 27: Last Quarter Moon at 2:23 UTC (or, 8:23 p. m. CST on 12/26).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA
Sky Roundup for November
Astronomical highlights for the month of November 2021
Thanks for Observing
Well into the season of Autumn, we begin to feel the chill of Winter, as we brave the elements to venture out under the stars. Cold evenings for observing will be the norm this season and next; so, we must adjust. We likely have our own set-up procedure and our own little rituals to get us out under the stars. However it can be done with minimal effort, then get to it. To spend less time getting set up on a chilly night, keep a scope of binocular at the ready, if feasible.
If you're fortunate to have an actual observatory, then of course you're mostly set up well already. If you have or prefer to use a nearby field, the backyard, or the driveway, then have an easy (or at least an unencumbered) way to get any observing equipment out and ready to go.
And as you set up to observe, be thankful that you have the wherewithal and opportunity to pursue your avocation. This month features a national holiday that commemorates thankfulness; find time to acknowledge your own set-up, that you have the chance to do so and can do it well enough.
By the start of November and just like the last several months, one can spot distant, giant Jupiter, still in Capricornus (the Sea-Goat) along with more distant Saturn . Of course, both are pleasing to view through a telescope at modest power. Rising earlier every month, these two giants of the Solar System are now due south at about 5 p. m., or about two hours earlier due south than they were last month. Note that the brilliant planet Venus (in Sagittarius, the Archer) also is visible in the same part of the sky at sunset, though by month's end the evening twilight will begin to obscure these planets. This line-up of planets persists all month long. (See the first chart, below, for this month.)
If you're fortunate to have an actual observatory, then of course you're mostly set up well already. If you have or prefer to use a nearby field, the backyard, or the driveway, then have an easy (or at least an unencumbered) way to get any observing equipment out and ready to go.
And as you set up to observe, be thankful that you have the wherewithal and opportunity to pursue your avocation. This month features a national holiday that commemorates thankfulness; find time to acknowledge your own set-up, that you have the chance to do so and can do it well enough.
By the start of November and just like the last several months, one can spot distant, giant Jupiter, still in Capricornus (the Sea-Goat) along with more distant Saturn . Of course, both are pleasing to view through a telescope at modest power. Rising earlier every month, these two giants of the Solar System are now due south at about 5 p. m., or about two hours earlier due south than they were last month. Note that the brilliant planet Venus (in Sagittarius, the Archer) also is visible in the same part of the sky at sunset, though by month's end the evening twilight will begin to obscure these planets. This line-up of planets persists all month long. (See the first chart, below, for this month.)
Mars and Mercury (both in Libra, the Scales) remain unseen for now, lost in the Sun's glare at the start of the month; by mid-month both have crossed into morning twilight, but are still too close to the Sun (as seen from our vantage on Earth) to be clearly visible; by month's end, Mercury has dropped from any view at all before sunrise.
For this month, by this link the Moon traditionally is sometimes called the Frost Moon, as indicative of those chilly evenings we may seek to observe that then lead to frosty mornings. This month's Moon is more popularly known as the Full Beaver Moon, when these large, paddle-tailed rodents seek to build dams and lodges in advance of Winter.
More exciting and worth observing this month is the partial lunar eclipse that will take place early on November 19th (see Almanac below). A rare event of its type, due to the lengthy time that the Moon will pass through Earth's shadow, the entire sequence will last up to six hours; that is, from midnight till dawn. The actual immersion of the Moon in Earth's deepest shadow, the umbra, will be about three hours long, and, mid-eclipse will occur around 3 a. m. Get a camera, tripod, and other gear ready to record the sight!
A month set aside for us to be thankful for a welcome harvest, arrived at by our own honest toil, let us throw in thanks, too, that we can still enjoy the night sky when we want, weather permitting.
For this month, by this link the Moon traditionally is sometimes called the Frost Moon, as indicative of those chilly evenings we may seek to observe that then lead to frosty mornings. This month's Moon is more popularly known as the Full Beaver Moon, when these large, paddle-tailed rodents seek to build dams and lodges in advance of Winter.
More exciting and worth observing this month is the partial lunar eclipse that will take place early on November 19th (see Almanac below). A rare event of its type, due to the lengthy time that the Moon will pass through Earth's shadow, the entire sequence will last up to six hours; that is, from midnight till dawn. The actual immersion of the Moon in Earth's deepest shadow, the umbra, will be about three hours long, and, mid-eclipse will occur around 3 a. m. Get a camera, tripod, and other gear ready to record the sight!
A month set aside for us to be thankful for a welcome harvest, arrived at by our own honest toil, let us throw in thanks, too, that we can still enjoy the night sky when we want, weather permitting.
Sky Roundup Almanac for November 2021
November 04: New Moon at 22:14 UTC (or, 4:14 p. m. CST on 11/04).
November 11: First Quarter Moon at 00:45 UTC (or, 6:45 p. m. CST on 11/11).
November 19: Full Moon at 2:52 UTC (or 8:52 p. m. CST on 11/18).
November 19: Partial lunar eclipse - Partial begins 7:18 UTC (or, 1:18 a. m. CST);
Mid-eclipse at 9:02 UTC (or, 3:02 a. m. CST);
Partial ends 12:03 UTC (or, 6:03 a. m. CST).
November 27: Last Quarter Moon at 12:27 UTC (or, 6:27 a. m. CST on 11/27).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
November 11: First Quarter Moon at 00:45 UTC (or, 6:45 p. m. CST on 11/11).
November 19: Full Moon at 2:52 UTC (or 8:52 p. m. CST on 11/18).
November 19: Partial lunar eclipse - Partial begins 7:18 UTC (or, 1:18 a. m. CST);
Mid-eclipse at 9:02 UTC (or, 3:02 a. m. CST);
Partial ends 12:03 UTC (or, 6:03 a. m. CST).
November 27: Last Quarter Moon at 12:27 UTC (or, 6:27 a. m. CST on 11/27).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for October
Astronomical highlights for the month of October 2021
Color Riot
Across the great Midwest, temperatures may vary this month but a spate of cold weather can help to usher in this season's annual riot of color, as leaves lose the green of chlorophyll and show their true colors. Once chorophyll chemicals shut down, the vibrant hues of Autumn become evident, namely, the underlying pigments show up, such as xanthophylls for yellow leaves, carotenoids for orange leaves, and anthocyanins for red leaves.
When we look to the night sky of autumn, we can glimpse a bit of color, too. One bright star, Capella, in the constellation of Auriga (the Charioteer) is reported to "flash" red and green. Though a refractive effect of the layers of air through which the bright star's light is observed, the star itself does not undergo such dramatic color changes, but just appears to do so, as noted by some casual sky observers.
But one real color duo is still visible in our Autumn sky, and, in the constellation of Cygnus (the Swan). As this late Summer constellation begins to leave our sky in the coming weeks, one can still spot the Swan winging its way to the northwest horizon. The star Albireo, representing the head of the Swan, does indeed have evident color. Seen through a modest telescope, this star is viewed as a double star (i.e., two stars in revolution about one another).
The brighter of the pair of stars is a golden yellow; the dimmer companion is azure blue. Together, both are pleasing to the eye. Whether the two stars are actually in orbit around one another may be debatable among astronomers, but the splendid pair is worth setting up a scope through which to look.
By the start of October and just like the last several months, one can spot distant, giant Jupiter, now in Capricornus (the Sea-Goat) and striped in tan hues as seen through a telescope, along with more distant Saturn in the same constellation, pale yellow as viewed through a 'scope. Both large planets are very nearly due south by 7 p. m. and set around midnight.
Ruddy Mars remains unseen for now, still lost in the glare of the Sun. Brilliant white Venus, in Libra (the Scales), having moved from Leo (the Lion) and then through Virgo (the Maiden) from the previous month, now gleams in the western sky after sunset at the start of the month, but sets soon after the Sun; by month's end, its bright speck can be seen moving between Ophiuchus (the Serpent-Handler) and Sagittarius (the Archer).
Like Mars, hot, pinkish Mercury is also lost in the Sun's glare at the start of the month, but by month's end emerges in morning twilight above the eastern horizon just before sunrise.
For this month, by this link the Moon traditionally is sometimes called the Sanguine Moon, as indicative of the color of blood from the slaughter and preservation meats for the coming Winter season. This month's Moon is more popularly known as the Hunter's Moon, when the rising Full Moon casts its orangey light for nighttime late-season hunting.
A month that suggests a palette of Fall colors, now is the time to have a riot while out under the stars.
When we look to the night sky of autumn, we can glimpse a bit of color, too. One bright star, Capella, in the constellation of Auriga (the Charioteer) is reported to "flash" red and green. Though a refractive effect of the layers of air through which the bright star's light is observed, the star itself does not undergo such dramatic color changes, but just appears to do so, as noted by some casual sky observers.
But one real color duo is still visible in our Autumn sky, and, in the constellation of Cygnus (the Swan). As this late Summer constellation begins to leave our sky in the coming weeks, one can still spot the Swan winging its way to the northwest horizon. The star Albireo, representing the head of the Swan, does indeed have evident color. Seen through a modest telescope, this star is viewed as a double star (i.e., two stars in revolution about one another).
The brighter of the pair of stars is a golden yellow; the dimmer companion is azure blue. Together, both are pleasing to the eye. Whether the two stars are actually in orbit around one another may be debatable among astronomers, but the splendid pair is worth setting up a scope through which to look.
By the start of October and just like the last several months, one can spot distant, giant Jupiter, now in Capricornus (the Sea-Goat) and striped in tan hues as seen through a telescope, along with more distant Saturn in the same constellation, pale yellow as viewed through a 'scope. Both large planets are very nearly due south by 7 p. m. and set around midnight.
Ruddy Mars remains unseen for now, still lost in the glare of the Sun. Brilliant white Venus, in Libra (the Scales), having moved from Leo (the Lion) and then through Virgo (the Maiden) from the previous month, now gleams in the western sky after sunset at the start of the month, but sets soon after the Sun; by month's end, its bright speck can be seen moving between Ophiuchus (the Serpent-Handler) and Sagittarius (the Archer).
Like Mars, hot, pinkish Mercury is also lost in the Sun's glare at the start of the month, but by month's end emerges in morning twilight above the eastern horizon just before sunrise.
For this month, by this link the Moon traditionally is sometimes called the Sanguine Moon, as indicative of the color of blood from the slaughter and preservation meats for the coming Winter season. This month's Moon is more popularly known as the Hunter's Moon, when the rising Full Moon casts its orangey light for nighttime late-season hunting.
A month that suggests a palette of Fall colors, now is the time to have a riot while out under the stars.
Sky Roundup Almanac for October 2021
October 06: New Moon at 11:05 UTC (or, 6:05 a. m. CDT on 10/06).
October 13: First Quarter Moon at 3:25 UTC (or, 10:25 p. m. CDT on 10/12).
October 20: Full Moon at 11:56 UTC (or 6:56 a. m. CDT on 10/20).
October 28: Last Quarter Moon at 20:05 UTC (or, 3:05 p. m. CDT on 10/28).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time) are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
October 13: First Quarter Moon at 3:25 UTC (or, 10:25 p. m. CDT on 10/12).
October 20: Full Moon at 11:56 UTC (or 6:56 a. m. CDT on 10/20).
October 28: Last Quarter Moon at 20:05 UTC (or, 3:05 p. m. CDT on 10/28).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time) are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for September
Astronomical highlights for the month of September 2021
Don't Fall Behind
This month ushers in the season of Fall, as the Autumnal Equinox occurs on Sept. 22 (see Almanac, below), which means that the astronomical start to this season begins then. But, as we feel the air around us on a clear night, it feels as if we're already farther along in this Fall season.
And that's partly right, since the meteorological start to the season has already begun. That latter season actually starts just ahead of the former one.
But to get the jump on observing this month, start looking to this season's sky now before it's too late. Don't don't fall behind getting active under the stars.
By the start of September and just like last couple of months, one can spot distant, mighty Jupiter, which has crossed into Capricornus (the Sea-Goat); also seen is more distant, pale Saturn, also in the same constellation, rising well before 9 p. m. and setting before dawn.
Mars remains unseen for now, lost in the glare of the Sun. Brilliant white Venus, in Leo (the Lion) at the start of the month, still gleams in the western sky after sunset just like last month, but sets soon after the Sun.
Like Mars, hot, pinkish Mercury is also lost in the Sun's glare at the start of the month, only just barely seen in the early evening sky above the western horizon just after sunset.
For this month, by the Old Farmer's Almanac the Moon traditionally is called the Full Corn Moon, as fields of ripening corn are harvested. This Moon is more popularly known as the Harvest Moon, when the Full Moon falls closest to the start of Autumn.
Don't delay; don't fall behind in your pursuit of skies at night. If weather permits and clear skies are overhead, get out under them for a bountiful harvest of stars and seasonal planets.
And that's partly right, since the meteorological start to the season has already begun. That latter season actually starts just ahead of the former one.
But to get the jump on observing this month, start looking to this season's sky now before it's too late. Don't don't fall behind getting active under the stars.
By the start of September and just like last couple of months, one can spot distant, mighty Jupiter, which has crossed into Capricornus (the Sea-Goat); also seen is more distant, pale Saturn, also in the same constellation, rising well before 9 p. m. and setting before dawn.
Mars remains unseen for now, lost in the glare of the Sun. Brilliant white Venus, in Leo (the Lion) at the start of the month, still gleams in the western sky after sunset just like last month, but sets soon after the Sun.
Like Mars, hot, pinkish Mercury is also lost in the Sun's glare at the start of the month, only just barely seen in the early evening sky above the western horizon just after sunset.
For this month, by the Old Farmer's Almanac the Moon traditionally is called the Full Corn Moon, as fields of ripening corn are harvested. This Moon is more popularly known as the Harvest Moon, when the Full Moon falls closest to the start of Autumn.
Don't delay; don't fall behind in your pursuit of skies at night. If weather permits and clear skies are overhead, get out under them for a bountiful harvest of stars and seasonal planets.
Sky Roundup Almanac for September 2021
September 06: New Moon at 00:51 UTC (or, 7:51 p. m. CDT on 09/06).
September 13: First Quarter Moon at 20:39 UTC (or, 3:39 p. m. CDT on 09/13).
September 20: Full Moon at 23:54 UTC (or 6:54 p. m. CDT on 09/20).
September 22: Autumnal Equinox at 19:21 UTC, First day of Fall at (or, 2:21 p. m. on 09/22).
September 28: Last Quarter Moon at 19:57 UTC (or, 2:57 p. m. CDT on 09/28.
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time) are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
September 13: First Quarter Moon at 20:39 UTC (or, 3:39 p. m. CDT on 09/13).
September 20: Full Moon at 23:54 UTC (or 6:54 p. m. CDT on 09/20).
September 22: Autumnal Equinox at 19:21 UTC, First day of Fall at (or, 2:21 p. m. on 09/22).
September 28: Last Quarter Moon at 19:57 UTC (or, 2:57 p. m. CDT on 09/28.
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time) are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for August
Astronomical highlights for the month of August 2021
Get Out There
We see, we hear, we learn of new, potential restrictions that might keep us indoors. We don't seek to be locked down; we want to be free. Free to carry on and act in our own best interest. That term free means unencumbered (but not without responsibility), and not subject to abstruse rules.
We don't seek or want a "new normal"; that seems like a term to be used by those who seek others to acquiesce. We know that things change; sometimes for the good, or not. That's part of life; that's to be expected. But imposing a new normal does not appear to be for the good, it does not make people acquiesce; rather, it makes things unstable, like the air that gives rise to stormy weather in mid-Summer. If that kind of new normal is expected, all won't meet it well.
For this month, what we do expect to meet well are the celestial wonders that we're free to observe, unencumbered as much as they can be by, say, unstable air and stormy weather. And that's all to the good.
By the start of August and just like last month, one can spot distant, might Jupiter in Aquarius (the Water-Bearer); also seen is more distant Saturn in the constellation of Capricornus (the Sea-Goat), rising well before 9 p. m. and setting before dawn.
Orangey Mars has faded from view, lost in the glare of the Sun. Brilliant white Venus, in Leo (the Lion) at the start of the month, gleams in the western sky after sunset. By month's end, the bright planet stands in Virgo (the Maiden).
Like Mars, hot, pinkish Mercury is also lost in the Sun's glare at the start of the month; but, having moved from the morning sky last month, it can then be seen in the evening sky above the western horizon after sunset by month's end.
The famed, annual Perseid meteor shower returns just before mid-month, this year its peak to fall on August 12th. Away from city lights, viewing faint meteors may be better after midnight that in urban neighborhoods; though the brighter meteors still ought to be visible, as the Moon will have set earlier in the evening.
For this month, by the Old Farmers Almanac, the Moon traditionally is called the Full Sturgeon Moon, as this species of fish was often plentiful and caught at this time. The moon is also known as the Full Corn Moon, owing to the ripening height of that yellow vegetable in farmers' fields.
Use this time of the month to plan you time away from the hubbub of daily life and out under the stars and planets, while you have the unencumbered freedom to do so.
We don't seek or want a "new normal"; that seems like a term to be used by those who seek others to acquiesce. We know that things change; sometimes for the good, or not. That's part of life; that's to be expected. But imposing a new normal does not appear to be for the good, it does not make people acquiesce; rather, it makes things unstable, like the air that gives rise to stormy weather in mid-Summer. If that kind of new normal is expected, all won't meet it well.
For this month, what we do expect to meet well are the celestial wonders that we're free to observe, unencumbered as much as they can be by, say, unstable air and stormy weather. And that's all to the good.
By the start of August and just like last month, one can spot distant, might Jupiter in Aquarius (the Water-Bearer); also seen is more distant Saturn in the constellation of Capricornus (the Sea-Goat), rising well before 9 p. m. and setting before dawn.
Orangey Mars has faded from view, lost in the glare of the Sun. Brilliant white Venus, in Leo (the Lion) at the start of the month, gleams in the western sky after sunset. By month's end, the bright planet stands in Virgo (the Maiden).
Like Mars, hot, pinkish Mercury is also lost in the Sun's glare at the start of the month; but, having moved from the morning sky last month, it can then be seen in the evening sky above the western horizon after sunset by month's end.
The famed, annual Perseid meteor shower returns just before mid-month, this year its peak to fall on August 12th. Away from city lights, viewing faint meteors may be better after midnight that in urban neighborhoods; though the brighter meteors still ought to be visible, as the Moon will have set earlier in the evening.
For this month, by the Old Farmers Almanac, the Moon traditionally is called the Full Sturgeon Moon, as this species of fish was often plentiful and caught at this time. The moon is also known as the Full Corn Moon, owing to the ripening height of that yellow vegetable in farmers' fields.
Use this time of the month to plan you time away from the hubbub of daily life and out under the stars and planets, while you have the unencumbered freedom to do so.
Sky Roundup Almanac for August 2021
August 08: New Moon at 13:50 UTC (or, 8:50 a. m. CDT on 08/08).
August 12: Peak of annual Perseid meteor shower.
August 15: First Quarter at 15:19 UTC (or, or 10:19 a. m. CDT on 08/15).
August 22: Full Moon at 12:01 UTC (or, 7:01 a. m. CDT on 08/22).
August 30: Last Quarter at 7:13 UTC (or, 2:13 a. m. CDT on 08/30).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time) are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
August 12: Peak of annual Perseid meteor shower.
August 15: First Quarter at 15:19 UTC (or, or 10:19 a. m. CDT on 08/15).
August 22: Full Moon at 12:01 UTC (or, 7:01 a. m. CDT on 08/22).
August 30: Last Quarter at 7:13 UTC (or, 2:13 a. m. CDT on 08/30).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time) are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for July
Astronomical highlights for the month of July 2021
July Smug
Now comfortably ensconced halfway through Summer's heat and rain, observers will be forgiven if sultry evenings or stormy nights hinder this month's observing. Lots to see between decks of nighttime rain clouds and humid, dewy morns.
By the start of July and just like last month, one can spot distant, mighty Jupiter in Aquarius (the Water-Bearer); also seen is more distant, pale Saturn in the constellation of Capricornus (the Sea-Goat). Both are due fairly south by sunrise (that is, by 5 a. m.), rising earlier in the pre-dawn sky since last month. (See Chart 1, just below, for this month.)
By the start of July and just like last month, one can spot distant, mighty Jupiter in Aquarius (the Water-Bearer); also seen is more distant, pale Saturn in the constellation of Capricornus (the Sea-Goat). Both are due fairly south by sunrise (that is, by 5 a. m.), rising earlier in the pre-dawn sky since last month. (See Chart 1, just below, for this month.)
Fading orangey Mars (now in Cancer, the Crab, one constellation to the east of Gemini from last month) join dazzling white Venus in the same star pattern, but both set at sundown; so, a decent conjunction of the two planets will only be briefly visible after just sunset.
In the meantime, hot, pinkish Mercury (now in Gemini, the Twins) has moved to the morning sky ahead of the Sun in the east, but only can be glimpsed above the eastern horizon just before sunrise by mid-month (see Chart 2 for this month); by month's end, tiny Mercury has dropped back to the horizon, hidden in the Sun's light.
In the meantime, hot, pinkish Mercury (now in Gemini, the Twins) has moved to the morning sky ahead of the Sun in the east, but only can be glimpsed above the eastern horizon just before sunrise by mid-month (see Chart 2 for this month); by month's end, tiny Mercury has dropped back to the horizon, hidden in the Sun's light.
For this month, by the Old Farmer's Almanac the Moon traditionally is called the Full Buck Moon, as the antlers of male deer sprout up and grow out fairly rapidly, to defend proudly against other bucks during rutting season. The Moon has other fanciful names this month; namely, the Halfway Summer Moon, as befits the near-halfway point of the season, and the Thunder Moon, after the usual storminess for this time of year.
Even with occasional sticky nights or outright downpours, the evenings for the month of July still beckon us to step out with a modest telescope, a trusty binocular, or just eyes alone, whose view will assure us with a comfortable, satisfying gaze at the night sky.
Even with occasional sticky nights or outright downpours, the evenings for the month of July still beckon us to step out with a modest telescope, a trusty binocular, or just eyes alone, whose view will assure us with a comfortable, satisfying gaze at the night sky.
Sky Roundup Almanac for July 2021
July 01: Last Quarter Moon at 21:10 UTC (or, 4:10 p. m. CDT on 07/01).
July 10: New Moon at 1:16 UTC (or, 8:16 p. m. CDT on 07/09).
July 17: First Quarter Moon at 10:10 UTC (or 5:10 a. m. CDT on 07/17).
July 24: Full Moon at 2:36 UTC (or, 9:36 p. m. CDT on 07/23).
July 31: Last Quarter Moon at 13:15 UTC (or, 8:15 a. m. CDT on 07/31).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
July 10: New Moon at 1:16 UTC (or, 8:16 p. m. CDT on 07/09).
July 17: First Quarter Moon at 10:10 UTC (or 5:10 a. m. CDT on 07/17).
July 24: Full Moon at 2:36 UTC (or, 9:36 p. m. CDT on 07/23).
July 31: Last Quarter Moon at 13:15 UTC (or, 8:15 a. m. CDT on 07/31).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for June
Astronomical highlights for the month of June 2021
June Bug
On a clear night in the summertime, have you ever lain outside on your back and gazed at the stars? June bugs do it often. Often a time to see this month's namesake beetle flailing on its back, it is unlikely that these nocturnal insects are deliberately gazing at the night sky. But June is that month when a glimpse at the night sky may bug one to get out under the stars.
By the start of June, in the constellation of Capricornus (the Sea-Goat), one can spot pale Saturn; also seen is mighty Jupiter in Aquarius (the Water-Bearer). Both are due south well prior to sunrise (that is, by 3 a. m.).
Orangey Mars (in Gemini, the Twins) sets just after sundown, while both Mercury and Venus continue in the glare of the Sun all month long, though set just after sundown.
For this month, by the Old Farmer's Almanac the Moon traditionally is called the Full Strawberry Moon, in deference to the ripening of Spring's tasty, tart, red fruit. The Moon has other names this month, namely, the Egg Laying Moon, and the Green Corn Moon.
Certainly the weather improves with mild, night-time temperatures; so, this column this month bugs its readers, even if you're flat on your back outside under the stars, to flail no longer and look to the night sky.
By the start of June, in the constellation of Capricornus (the Sea-Goat), one can spot pale Saturn; also seen is mighty Jupiter in Aquarius (the Water-Bearer). Both are due south well prior to sunrise (that is, by 3 a. m.).
Orangey Mars (in Gemini, the Twins) sets just after sundown, while both Mercury and Venus continue in the glare of the Sun all month long, though set just after sundown.
For this month, by the Old Farmer's Almanac the Moon traditionally is called the Full Strawberry Moon, in deference to the ripening of Spring's tasty, tart, red fruit. The Moon has other names this month, namely, the Egg Laying Moon, and the Green Corn Moon.
Certainly the weather improves with mild, night-time temperatures; so, this column this month bugs its readers, even if you're flat on your back outside under the stars, to flail no longer and look to the night sky.
Sky Roundup Almanac for June 2021
June 02: Last Quarter Moon at 7:24 UTC (or, 2:24 a. m. CDT on 06/02).
June 10: New Moon at 10:52 UTC (or, 5:52 a. m. CDT on 06/10).
June 18: First Quarter Moon at 3:54 UTC (or 10:54 p. m. CDT on 06/17).
June 24: Full Moon at 18:13 UTC (or, 1:39 p. m. CDT on 06/24).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
June 10: New Moon at 10:52 UTC (or, 5:52 a. m. CDT on 06/10).
June 18: First Quarter Moon at 3:54 UTC (or 10:54 p. m. CDT on 06/17).
June 24: Full Moon at 18:13 UTC (or, 1:39 p. m. CDT on 06/24).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for May
Astronomical highlights for the month of May 2021
May Open
Under the same title for this month, this column urged at this time last year:
Don't sit inside, especially when you can be outside observing. This month's message is just as direct: Time to open up.
It's both sad and odd to have to repeat that, but it bears repeating, as we find another Spring season that needs to let human nature, like nature itself, flourish freely.
At the start of May, in the constellation of Capricornus (the Sea-Goat), one can spot pale Saturn; rising also is mighty Jupiter in Aquarius (the Water-Bearer). Both rise ahead of the Sun (by 5 a. m.) in the eastern sky. (See first chart, below, for the month.)
Don't sit inside, especially when you can be outside observing. This month's message is just as direct: Time to open up.
It's both sad and odd to have to repeat that, but it bears repeating, as we find another Spring season that needs to let human nature, like nature itself, flourish freely.
At the start of May, in the constellation of Capricornus (the Sea-Goat), one can spot pale Saturn; rising also is mighty Jupiter in Aquarius (the Water-Bearer). Both rise ahead of the Sun (by 5 a. m.) in the eastern sky. (See first chart, below, for the month.)
Orangey Mars (in Gemini, the Twins) sets by midnight, while both Mercury and Venus are lost in the glare of the Sun all month long. (See second chart, below, for the month.) By month's end, Mercury and Venus have passed into the evening sky and set just after sundown.
For this month, by the Old Farmer's Almanac the Moon traditionally is called the Full Flower Moon, owing to the full blossom of many varieties of Spring flowers. The Moon has other names this month, namely, the Budding Moon, and the Planting Moon.
Note, too, that, like last month, there is another Supermoon this month. But this one will be even more noticeable than last month (at least for some in the USA), as a lunar eclipse will occur! Known now popularly as the Super Blood Moon, this will be a grand opportunity for skygazers and sky photographers to capture the Moon's ingress and egress from the shadow of Earth. But, only those in the western United States will have that grand opportunity; others of us in the great Midwest will likely only glimpse a partial lunar eclipse.
Note, too, that, like last month, there is another Supermoon this month. But this one will be even more noticeable than last month (at least for some in the USA), as a lunar eclipse will occur! Known now popularly as the Super Blood Moon, this will be a grand opportunity for skygazers and sky photographers to capture the Moon's ingress and egress from the shadow of Earth. But, only those in the western United States will have that grand opportunity; others of us in the great Midwest will likely only glimpse a partial lunar eclipse.
Come what may this month, turn an umasked face skyward and see what may open before your very eyes.
Sky Roundup Almanac for May 2021
May 04: Last Quarter Moon at 1:50 UTC (or, 8:50 p. m. CDT on 05/03).
May 11: New Moon at 00:59 UTC (or, 7:59 p. m. CDT on 05/11).
May 20: First Quarter Moon at 1:12 UTC (or 8:12 p. m. CDT on 05/19).
May 26: Full Moon at 17:13 UTC (or, 12:13 p. m. CDT on 05/26). Super Blood Moon (though only a fully visible eclipse for those in western USA; rest of us will view partial eclipse)
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
May 11: New Moon at 00:59 UTC (or, 7:59 p. m. CDT on 05/11).
May 20: First Quarter Moon at 1:12 UTC (or 8:12 p. m. CDT on 05/19).
May 26: Full Moon at 17:13 UTC (or, 12:13 p. m. CDT on 05/26). Super Blood Moon (though only a fully visible eclipse for those in western USA; rest of us will view partial eclipse)
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for April
Astronomical highlights for the month of April 2021
'Tween Drops
As we know from last month, time marches on, marked by the change of seasons. The chill of Winter gives way to the warmth of Spring. By the hallmarks of the season, we look ahead to rebirth and renewal. Awash in April showers, the land greens; the expectation of new life arrives as animals give birth.
If anticipated rains this month do not wash out our nights, between raindrops, we'll note that, from our earthly vantage, the night sky links to the changes across the land. Across the night sky the stars and planets renew their seasonal cycle. We see at night the constellations of Winter head to the western horizon as star patterns to mark Spring rise above the eastern horizon.
At the start of April, just like last month, in the constellation of Capricornus (the Sea-Goat) pale Saturn and mighty Jupiter rise ahead of the Sun in the eastern sky. (See first chart, below, for the month.)
If anticipated rains this month do not wash out our nights, between raindrops, we'll note that, from our earthly vantage, the night sky links to the changes across the land. Across the night sky the stars and planets renew their seasonal cycle. We see at night the constellations of Winter head to the western horizon as star patterns to mark Spring rise above the eastern horizon.
At the start of April, just like last month, in the constellation of Capricornus (the Sea-Goat) pale Saturn and mighty Jupiter rise ahead of the Sun in the eastern sky. (See first chart, below, for the month.)
Orangey Mars (in Taurus, the Bull) sets just after midnight, while both Mercury and Venus are lost in the glare of the Sun all month long. By month's end, Mars has passed into Gemini, the next constellation eastward. (See second chart, below, for the month.)
For this month, by the Old Farmer's Almanac the Moon traditionally is called the Full Pink Moon, as during this month may be seen the first blooms of white, lavender and pink phlox covering the greening landscape. By the way, the Moon has a variety of other fanciful names to herald the Spring season, namely, the Breaking Ice Moon, the Frog Moon, the Sugar Maker Moon, and others.
UPDATE: That Full Pink Moon is a so-called Supermoon this month, the first of 2021. Perhaps in a clever nod to the spread of pink phlox in Spring, this month's Full Moon is to be celebrated as the Pink Supermoon. No matter its name, the Full Moon in April will indeed appear larger than usual, owing to the coincidence of its perigee with its full phase. But please note: The Moon will not appear as the color pink!
Find a night, amid April showers, to glimpse the sky this month, as we greet the budding of a new season.
UPDATE: That Full Pink Moon is a so-called Supermoon this month, the first of 2021. Perhaps in a clever nod to the spread of pink phlox in Spring, this month's Full Moon is to be celebrated as the Pink Supermoon. No matter its name, the Full Moon in April will indeed appear larger than usual, owing to the coincidence of its perigee with its full phase. But please note: The Moon will not appear as the color pink!
Find a night, amid April showers, to glimpse the sky this month, as we greet the budding of a new season.
Sky Roundup Almanac for April 2021
April 04: Last Quarter Moon at 16:02 UTC (or, 11:02 a. m. CDT on 04/04).
April 12: New Moon at 3:30 UTC (or, 9:30 p. m. CDT on 04/11).
April 20: First Quarter Moon at 12:58 UTC (or 7:58 a. m. CDT on 04/20).
April 27: Full Moon at 4:31 UTC (or, 10:31 p. m. CDT on 04/26). Supermoon!
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
April 12: New Moon at 3:30 UTC (or, 9:30 p. m. CDT on 04/11).
April 20: First Quarter Moon at 12:58 UTC (or 7:58 a. m. CDT on 04/20).
April 27: Full Moon at 4:31 UTC (or, 10:31 p. m. CDT on 04/26). Supermoon!
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for March
Astronomical highlights for the month of March 2021
March On
Every calendar of the month has its folklore, as every people of every age has had its view of how the world passes in review. This month is no different, but almost fanciful in its portrayal. On our calendar, March “comes in like a lion, goes out like a lamb.” Of course, this bit of lore pegs the kind of weather one might expect as the month unfolds; blustery to begin, bucolic to finish.
In the night sky, the closest we come to a lion and a lamb are classic star patterns from long ago. The constellation of Leo is our Lion, which rises by the start of Spring, then dominates the sky in regal procession all season long. A kingly star pattern, Leo is significant in several past civilizations' mythologies of the sky. The other star pattern is not a lamb; but a ram, a male sheep, as in Aries the Ram. Its significance comes from its apparent position in the sky long ago, which served as a demarcation between the seasons of Winter and Spring.
But Aries, which has been in our sky all Winter long, has already headed to the horizon at the start of Spring; so at the start of March, Leo is on the rise, already welcoming the month as a lion. Indeed, by the stars of the night sky, March comes in with a lion; by the end of the month, the ram (or adult male lamb, if you prefer) has headed out to pasture from our Spring sky.
Navigators and some astronomers still refer to the Vernal Equinox as the First Point of Aries, a reference to the start of Spring on star maps of old. As seen on star charts today, the actual astronomical start of Spring, which used to be in the star pattern Aries, occurs at the intersection of the ecliptic and celestial equator, which is now in Pisces (the Fishes).
For this month, like the Lion and Ram as part of the celestial parade, let's how the sky passes in review.
At the start of March, in the constellation of Capricornus (the Sea-Goat) wizened Saturn and swift Mercury, followed by kingly Jupiter, rise ahead of the Sun in the eastern sky. (See first chart, below, for the month.) By mid-month, Mercury has dropped from view below the horizon; by month's end, Jupiter and Saturn rise earlier and earlier before sunrise.
In the night sky, the closest we come to a lion and a lamb are classic star patterns from long ago. The constellation of Leo is our Lion, which rises by the start of Spring, then dominates the sky in regal procession all season long. A kingly star pattern, Leo is significant in several past civilizations' mythologies of the sky. The other star pattern is not a lamb; but a ram, a male sheep, as in Aries the Ram. Its significance comes from its apparent position in the sky long ago, which served as a demarcation between the seasons of Winter and Spring.
But Aries, which has been in our sky all Winter long, has already headed to the horizon at the start of Spring; so at the start of March, Leo is on the rise, already welcoming the month as a lion. Indeed, by the stars of the night sky, March comes in with a lion; by the end of the month, the ram (or adult male lamb, if you prefer) has headed out to pasture from our Spring sky.
Navigators and some astronomers still refer to the Vernal Equinox as the First Point of Aries, a reference to the start of Spring on star maps of old. As seen on star charts today, the actual astronomical start of Spring, which used to be in the star pattern Aries, occurs at the intersection of the ecliptic and celestial equator, which is now in Pisces (the Fishes).
For this month, like the Lion and Ram as part of the celestial parade, let's how the sky passes in review.
At the start of March, in the constellation of Capricornus (the Sea-Goat) wizened Saturn and swift Mercury, followed by kingly Jupiter, rise ahead of the Sun in the eastern sky. (See first chart, below, for the month.) By mid-month, Mercury has dropped from view below the horizon; by month's end, Jupiter and Saturn rise earlier and earlier before sunrise.
Ruddy Mars, well past the meridian at sunset but just east of Aries, sets by midnight, while distant Uranus rides with the ram to the horizon. (See second chart, below, for the month; red tick marks surround the location of Uranus, best seen with a good telescope.)
By contrast, the second farthest planet from the Sun, faraway Neptune, and the second closest planet to the Sun, pretty Venus, are both lost in the glare of our home star all month long.
For this month, by the Old Farmer's Almanac the Moon traditionally is called the Full Worm Moon, as during this month the season starts to green and the fertile ground brings forth the wending of wiggly worms. To herald the season's greening is St. Patrick's Day on March 17th and the Vernal Equinox on March 20th.
For our delight and edification, whether we're blustery or bucolic, this month marches on in a parade of planets and fanciful folklore.
For this month, by the Old Farmer's Almanac the Moon traditionally is called the Full Worm Moon, as during this month the season starts to green and the fertile ground brings forth the wending of wiggly worms. To herald the season's greening is St. Patrick's Day on March 17th and the Vernal Equinox on March 20th.
For our delight and edification, whether we're blustery or bucolic, this month marches on in a parade of planets and fanciful folklore.
Sky Roundup Almanac for March 2021
March 06: Last Quarter Moon at 1:30 UTC (or, 7:30 p. m. CST on 03/05).
March 13: New Moon at 7:21 UTC (or, 1:21 a. m. CST on 03/13).
March 20: Vernal Equinox, first day of Spring at 9:37 UTC (or, 4:37 a. m. CDT on 03/20).
March 21: First Quarter Moon at 2:40 UTC (or 9:40 p. m. CDT on 03/21).
March 28: Full Moon at 18:48 UTC (or, 1:48 p. m. CDT on 03/28).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time and Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
March 13: New Moon at 7:21 UTC (or, 1:21 a. m. CST on 03/13).
March 20: Vernal Equinox, first day of Spring at 9:37 UTC (or, 4:37 a. m. CDT on 03/20).
March 21: First Quarter Moon at 2:40 UTC (or 9:40 p. m. CDT on 03/21).
March 28: Full Moon at 18:48 UTC (or, 1:48 p. m. CDT on 03/28).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time and Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for February
Astronomical highlights for the month of February 2021
Here to Persevere
When storms roil the horizon and the sky grows gloomy, think ahead to calm days and clear skies. Just as night follows day, fair weather follows foul. And fair weather persists longer than spells of bad weather. While storms can be fierce, their ferocity is spent quickly as they fall away to the far horizon.
This is not just fanciful folklore, truly persistence is a valid meterological method of forecasting. While no one can predict the future, it is possible to discern a set probable trends, at least in the short term, based on a pattern of prior conditions. If present conditions are any indication, expect occasional squalls to punctuate the preferred constancy of our surroundings.
Traditionally in some countries and in the past old Roman civilization, this month has had a place on the calendar as one of preparation and purification; that is, preparing for the reappearance of Spring and the reassurance of birth and new growth.
It is to say, that peoples across cultures and throughout history have recognized that one can outlast the tempestuous times of a dark Winter while persevering toward a bright Spring.
Just as night follows day, fair weather follows foul; the winter of our discontent can give way to Summer made glorious.
For this month, its folklore name at full phase by the the Old Farmer's Almanac, the Moon is traditionally called the Full Snow Moon, with the month of February living up to its name across the great Midwest. For many who may shiver at the thought of all the snow, one can also know that this too shall pass.
This is not just fanciful folklore, truly persistence is a valid meterological method of forecasting. While no one can predict the future, it is possible to discern a set probable trends, at least in the short term, based on a pattern of prior conditions. If present conditions are any indication, expect occasional squalls to punctuate the preferred constancy of our surroundings.
Traditionally in some countries and in the past old Roman civilization, this month has had a place on the calendar as one of preparation and purification; that is, preparing for the reappearance of Spring and the reassurance of birth and new growth.
It is to say, that peoples across cultures and throughout history have recognized that one can outlast the tempestuous times of a dark Winter while persevering toward a bright Spring.
Just as night follows day, fair weather follows foul; the winter of our discontent can give way to Summer made glorious.
For this month, its folklore name at full phase by the the Old Farmer's Almanac, the Moon is traditionally called the Full Snow Moon, with the month of February living up to its name across the great Midwest. For many who may shiver at the thought of all the snow, one can also know that this too shall pass.
On the need to persevere, for now note the remarkable images from cold, windy Mars sent back by the rover Perseverance, as the sizable planetary explorer unbends and gears up to explore its new frontier. Even in wintry climes, one can still press the boundaries of any new frontier to move forward, find new assurance of one's surroundings, and advance in knowledge and wisdom.
Sky Roundup Almanac for February 2021
February 04: Last Quarter Moon at 17:37 UTC (or, 11:37 a. m. CST on 02/04).
February 11: New Moon at 19:05 UTC (or, 1:05 p. m. CST on 02/11).
February 19: First Quarter Moon at 18:47 UTC (or 12:47 p. m. CST on 02/19).
February 27: Full Moon at 8:17 UTC (or, 2:17 a. m. CST on 02/27).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
February 11: New Moon at 19:05 UTC (or, 1:05 p. m. CST on 02/11).
February 19: First Quarter Moon at 18:47 UTC (or 12:47 p. m. CST on 02/19).
February 27: Full Moon at 8:17 UTC (or, 2:17 a. m. CST on 02/27).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for January
Astronomical highlights for the month of January 2021
Need to Be Braver This Year
At this time last year, this column exhorted all to be upbeat, as a brave new year was upon us. That was then; this is now. We need greater exhortation. Another year, yes, but not to fear. Simply put, one must persevere.
If you make resolutions, keep them. If you make none, do still resolve at least to get outside for clear skies, weather permitting. Man up, brave the weather. For how we brave the elements may show how we brave this new year and the world around us. That is, do not fear the force of the wind.
Kingly Jupiter and ringed Saturn dip to the southwest horizon by sunset and disappear from the night sky. A fine pair they made in the sky last month, whether with unclothed eye or modest 'scope, the two large planets in rare conjunction. (See photo from last month's conjunction, below, taken on 12/20/2020, when weather permitted; but not at their closest appearance. Shot with Canon Rebel Ti1, overexposed at 0.25-second shutter, ISO 400, held afocally to 6-inch f/5.6 Newtonian reflector at 47x magnification.)
If you make resolutions, keep them. If you make none, do still resolve at least to get outside for clear skies, weather permitting. Man up, brave the weather. For how we brave the elements may show how we brave this new year and the world around us. That is, do not fear the force of the wind.
Kingly Jupiter and ringed Saturn dip to the southwest horizon by sunset and disappear from the night sky. A fine pair they made in the sky last month, whether with unclothed eye or modest 'scope, the two large planets in rare conjunction. (See photo from last month's conjunction, below, taken on 12/20/2020, when weather permitted; but not at their closest appearance. Shot with Canon Rebel Ti1, overexposed at 0.25-second shutter, ISO 400, held afocally to 6-inch f/5.6 Newtonian reflector at 47x magnification.)
Soon, both of these gas giants will be lost in the glare of the setting Sun by the end of this month. (See first chart, just below, for this month.)
Brilliant Venus (now in Ophiuchus, the Serpent-Handler), drops to the eastern horizon this month, having shone well all last month, rising ahead of the Sun. (See second chart, just below, for this month.) By mid-month, she moves eastward into Sagittarius (the Archer); by month's end, the hot, cloudy planet is lost in the glare of the rising Sun.
Like last year at this time, starting the New Year would not be complete without a nod to the Moon. In January, its folklore name at full phase, by the the Old Farmer's Almanac, is traditionally called the Full Wolf Moon, owing to the howling of wolves that would break the stillness of the night air as packs moved on the hunt. This month's full phase is also known as the Full Cold Moon, for the deep cold that settles across the landscape during January nights.
If you feel a chill in the night air, that's natural enough if out and about observing the night sky. Rather to be chilled for a moment from Winter's cold than to shiver with uncertainty about the New Year.
Persevere and be brave!
If you feel a chill in the night air, that's natural enough if out and about observing the night sky. Rather to be chilled for a moment from Winter's cold than to shiver with uncertainty about the New Year.
Persevere and be brave!
Sky Roundup Almanac for January 2021
January 06: Last Quarter Moon at 9:37 UTC (or, 3:37 a. m. CST on 01/06).
January 13: New Moon at 5:00 UTC (or, 11:00 p. m. CST on 01/12).
January 21: First Quarter Moon at 00:01 UTC (or 6:01 p. m. CST on 01/20).
January 28: Full Moon at 19:16 UTC (or, 1:16 p. m. CST on 01/28).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
January 13: New Moon at 5:00 UTC (or, 11:00 p. m. CST on 01/12).
January 21: First Quarter Moon at 00:01 UTC (or 6:01 p. m. CST on 01/20).
January 28: Full Moon at 19:16 UTC (or, 1:16 p. m. CST on 01/28).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for December
Astronomical highlights for the month of December 2020
The Night Before Christmas
Since 2009, Roy Kaelin’s installment of Sky Roundup for December has started with his parody of "A Visit of St. Nicholas" and that little tradition continues this year. With apologies to Clement Clark Moore.
'Twas the night before Christmas,
When all through his house
A stargazer was stirring, clicking his mouse;
His mounting set up in the backyard with care,
In hopes that clearing skies soon would be there.
He could’ve been nestled all snug in his bed,
But visions of nebulae danced in his head;
And grabbing a kerchief to dust a lens from its cap,
He caffeined his brain to shun a long winter’s nap--
When out on the lawn there arose such a clatter,
He sprang from his chair to see what was the matter:
Away to his set-up he flew like a flash,
Hoping his ‘scope didn’t loosen and crash.
The moon, on the breast of new-fallen snow,
Gave a luster of mid-day to objects, ya’ know:
When, what to his wandering eyes should appear,
But a case full of eyepieces amid his old gear;
Fellow geeks always bought these, so lively and quick,
He knew in a moment they’d all be heartsick.
More lenses he now owned and savored his claim,
And he whistled, and shouted, and called them by name--
“Now, Brandon! now, Nagler! now, Ethos! and Vixen!
No coma! Flat fields! Star parties I’m blitzin’;
To the top of each planet, to the top of Straight Wall,
I’ll dash to see nebulae, faraway all!”
He gathered his new gear, so pleased he might cry,
And carried all to his ‘scope, its mount to the sky,
So, up past his house-top his ‘scope aimed anew,
A case full of lenses—and such neat stuff too.
With stars all a-twinkling from heat off the roof,
The night sky unveiled its warp and its woof;
As he drew up a chair, and was turning around,
Down next to his ‘scope the ‘gazer came with a bound.
His parka lined in fur
From his head to his foot,
And his clothes came all furnished
With pockets to boot:
This new bunch of toys
He now kept near his back,
And he thrilled like a youngster
As he opened his pack;
His eyes how they twinkled!
Each eyepiece how merry--
Were just what he wanted,
Whence they came he was wary;
Ev’ry ocular gleamed
Each drawn up with a bow,
Who could’ve left them and
Left no tracks in the snow?
He thought for a bit
Of this season of year,
And thought it unlikely he’d
Earned such good cheer.
Still he was thankful
And humbled quite by it;
He vowed to do better
And stay on a diet.
He was chubby and plump--
His right jolly old self;
From too much late snacking
In spite of himself.
A wink of his eye,
And a twist of his head,
Soon gave him to know
Where each eyepiece might thread.
He spoke not a word,
But went straight to his work,
And logged all his sightings:
Then turned with a jerk,
And laying his pencil
Aside of his prose,
And giving a nod,
To his warm room he rose.
He sprang to its desk,
Jotted notes in a whistle,
And away he then flew
To look through a Plössl:
But all heard him exclaim
Ere he gazed in the night,
“Merry Christmas to all,
And to all A Clear Night.”
'Twas the night before Christmas,
When all through his house
A stargazer was stirring, clicking his mouse;
His mounting set up in the backyard with care,
In hopes that clearing skies soon would be there.
He could’ve been nestled all snug in his bed,
But visions of nebulae danced in his head;
And grabbing a kerchief to dust a lens from its cap,
He caffeined his brain to shun a long winter’s nap--
When out on the lawn there arose such a clatter,
He sprang from his chair to see what was the matter:
Away to his set-up he flew like a flash,
Hoping his ‘scope didn’t loosen and crash.
The moon, on the breast of new-fallen snow,
Gave a luster of mid-day to objects, ya’ know:
When, what to his wandering eyes should appear,
But a case full of eyepieces amid his old gear;
Fellow geeks always bought these, so lively and quick,
He knew in a moment they’d all be heartsick.
More lenses he now owned and savored his claim,
And he whistled, and shouted, and called them by name--
“Now, Brandon! now, Nagler! now, Ethos! and Vixen!
No coma! Flat fields! Star parties I’m blitzin’;
To the top of each planet, to the top of Straight Wall,
I’ll dash to see nebulae, faraway all!”
He gathered his new gear, so pleased he might cry,
And carried all to his ‘scope, its mount to the sky,
So, up past his house-top his ‘scope aimed anew,
A case full of lenses—and such neat stuff too.
With stars all a-twinkling from heat off the roof,
The night sky unveiled its warp and its woof;
As he drew up a chair, and was turning around,
Down next to his ‘scope the ‘gazer came with a bound.
His parka lined in fur
From his head to his foot,
And his clothes came all furnished
With pockets to boot:
This new bunch of toys
He now kept near his back,
And he thrilled like a youngster
As he opened his pack;
His eyes how they twinkled!
Each eyepiece how merry--
Were just what he wanted,
Whence they came he was wary;
Ev’ry ocular gleamed
Each drawn up with a bow,
Who could’ve left them and
Left no tracks in the snow?
He thought for a bit
Of this season of year,
And thought it unlikely he’d
Earned such good cheer.
Still he was thankful
And humbled quite by it;
He vowed to do better
And stay on a diet.
He was chubby and plump--
His right jolly old self;
From too much late snacking
In spite of himself.
A wink of his eye,
And a twist of his head,
Soon gave him to know
Where each eyepiece might thread.
He spoke not a word,
But went straight to his work,
And logged all his sightings:
Then turned with a jerk,
And laying his pencil
Aside of his prose,
And giving a nod,
To his warm room he rose.
He sprang to its desk,
Jotted notes in a whistle,
And away he then flew
To look through a Plössl:
But all heard him exclaim
Ere he gazed in the night,
“Merry Christmas to all,
And to all A Clear Night.”
Sky Roundup Almanac for December 2020
December 07: Last Quarter Moon at 00:36 UTC (or, 6:36 p. m. CST on 12/07).
December 14: New Moon at 16:16 UTC (or 10:16 a. m. CST on 12/14).
December 21: Winter Solstice, first day of Winter at 10:02 UTC (or, 4:02 a. m. CST on 12/21).
December 21: Rare Saturn-Jupiter conjunction!
December 21: First Quarter Moon at 23:41 UTC (or, 5:41 p. m. CST on 12/21).
December 29: Full Moon at 3:28 UTC (or, 9:28 p. m. CST on 12/28).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
December 14: New Moon at 16:16 UTC (or 10:16 a. m. CST on 12/14).
December 21: Winter Solstice, first day of Winter at 10:02 UTC (or, 4:02 a. m. CST on 12/21).
December 21: Rare Saturn-Jupiter conjunction!
December 21: First Quarter Moon at 23:41 UTC (or, 5:41 p. m. CST on 12/21).
December 29: Full Moon at 3:28 UTC (or, 9:28 p. m. CST on 12/28).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for November
Astronomical highlights for the month of November 2020
Remember in November
In this month, we seek to reflect on those things of importance, namely, those who bravely fought for us, such as veterans, and, those who often fight with us, such as friends and family.
We also recall these past months for which we can be thankful. For all the unexpected changes that have been wrought across this nation, the lives and livelihoods that have endured setback and heartache, let's hope we have the chance this month to revel in an abundant harvest; that is, to recall what we endured but to remember what makes life worth living.
That harvest doesn't need to contain an abundance of food; in lieu of victuals, a rich supply of supplication will do fine. That is, we need to be thankful for what we can harvest of this nation's blessings of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.
This month in Autumn starts with a change to earlier evenings, as we fall back to standard time. And that can mean more time to do the standard things, to which sky observers are both accustomed and thankful. Let's see more things for which we can be thankful.
Both Saturn and Jupiter (the latter two still paired in Sagittarius, the Archer) shine in the southwest sunset at the start of the month; by month's end at that same time, they draw closer together for a fine view in a binocular. (See first chart of month, just below.)
We also recall these past months for which we can be thankful. For all the unexpected changes that have been wrought across this nation, the lives and livelihoods that have endured setback and heartache, let's hope we have the chance this month to revel in an abundant harvest; that is, to recall what we endured but to remember what makes life worth living.
That harvest doesn't need to contain an abundance of food; in lieu of victuals, a rich supply of supplication will do fine. That is, we need to be thankful for what we can harvest of this nation's blessings of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.
This month in Autumn starts with a change to earlier evenings, as we fall back to standard time. And that can mean more time to do the standard things, to which sky observers are both accustomed and thankful. Let's see more things for which we can be thankful.
Both Saturn and Jupiter (the latter two still paired in Sagittarius, the Archer) shine in the southwest sunset at the start of the month; by month's end at that same time, they draw closer together for a fine view in a binocular. (See first chart of month, just below.)
Bright, orangey Mars (in Pisces, the Fishes) shines high in the sky, due south by 9 p.m. at mid-month. Brilliant Venus and tiny Mercury (both in Virgo, the Maiden) rise together in morning twilight before sunup.
In November, by the Old Farmer's Almanac, the Moon is known at its full phase as the Full Beaver Moon. owing to the eager activity of these large rodents in building their dams and lodges, in anticipation of the coming Winter season.
Though we settle back to standard time at the start of this month, we realize that many things prior to this month have been anything but standard.
Going forward, though, and in anticipation of any season, like eager beavers perhaps we ought to build our own bulwark for what life may bring, as a dam against its untimely travails and as a lodge for its welcome treasures.
Though we settle back to standard time at the start of this month, we realize that many things prior to this month have been anything but standard.
Going forward, though, and in anticipation of any season, like eager beavers perhaps we ought to build our own bulwark for what life may bring, as a dam against its untimely travails and as a lodge for its welcome treasures.
Sky Roundup Almanac for November 2020
November 01: Fall back! Set clocks (at 2:00 a. m.) back an hour to Standard Time.
November 08: Last Quarter Moon at 13:46 UTC (or, 7:46 a. m. CST on 11/08).
November 15: New Moon at 5:07 UTC (or 11:07 p. m. CST on 11/14).
November 22: First Quarter Moon at 4:45 UTC (or, 10:45 p. m. CST on 11/21).
November 30: Full Moon at 9:29 UTC (or, 3:29 a. m. CST on 11/30).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
November 08: Last Quarter Moon at 13:46 UTC (or, 7:46 a. m. CST on 11/08).
November 15: New Moon at 5:07 UTC (or 11:07 p. m. CST on 11/14).
November 22: First Quarter Moon at 4:45 UTC (or, 10:45 p. m. CST on 11/21).
November 30: Full Moon at 9:29 UTC (or, 3:29 a. m. CST on 11/30).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for October
Astronomical highlights for the month of October 2020
October Opening
This month we seek to broaden the appeal of nighttime observing with the onset of Autumn. Crisp night air and sparkling stars are the main attractions to get us out under the open night sky. For Fall, the planets gleam from sundown to sunup. After the Sun sets, three planets occupy the heavens most of the night.
Both Saturn and Jupiter (the latter two still paired in Sagittarius, the Archer) shine due south by 8 p. m. at the start of the month; by month's end at that same time, having risen earlier every day, the pair of large planets shine in the southwest sky.
Mars (in Pisces, the Fishes) shines due south by 2 a. m.; by month's end, the Red Planet is due south by midnight, two hours earlier than at the start. Brilliant Venus (in Leo, the Lion) still glows alone in morning twilight before sunup.
In October, by the Old Farmer's Almanac, our nearest celestial neighbor, the Moon, is known at its full phase as the Harvest Moon. Usually this named Moon occurs in September, or, it is the full phase of the Moon closest to the Autumnal Equinox. So it is not an open question why the Moon would have this name; it is simply that the close proximity of the full lunar phase does not occur close to the season's start in September, hence the Harvest Moon in this month of October.
But note in the Sky Roundup Almanac (below), there two Full Moons this month! So, the Harvest Moon does indeed occur (just not in September), but at the start of the month. Of course, it is followed by the Hunter's Moon, which occurs at the end of the month, and coincidentally, on Hallowe'en this year.
In addition, since it is the second Full Moon in a single month, it also retains the popular distinction of the Blue Moon. One might think this to be rather special, that a Blue Moon would occur on Hallowe'en; but, it's not so rare, as the same lunar phase happens on the same calendrical date every 19 years (by the Metonic cycle).
By ancient superstition, this time of year was once thought to blur the boundary between the living and the dead. That is, at this time of year, especially by month's end, as the very seams of Earth were rent open ghosts and goblins escaped their underground entombment, letting long-gone souls out for visits to long-lost relatives, hence the pagan belief for the significance of Hallowe'en.
Rather than its more familiar contracted name of Hallowe'en, the real seasonal holiday derives from All Hallows Eve, a Catholic celebration that prepares one for the observance of All Saints Day and All Souls Day.
Though most may look to close up and batten down for the onset of Winter, the night skies are just opening for that same Winter season, as we see the slow seasonal shift to the brighter stars that we typically remember on frosty clear nights in the coming months.
Both Saturn and Jupiter (the latter two still paired in Sagittarius, the Archer) shine due south by 8 p. m. at the start of the month; by month's end at that same time, having risen earlier every day, the pair of large planets shine in the southwest sky.
Mars (in Pisces, the Fishes) shines due south by 2 a. m.; by month's end, the Red Planet is due south by midnight, two hours earlier than at the start. Brilliant Venus (in Leo, the Lion) still glows alone in morning twilight before sunup.
In October, by the Old Farmer's Almanac, our nearest celestial neighbor, the Moon, is known at its full phase as the Harvest Moon. Usually this named Moon occurs in September, or, it is the full phase of the Moon closest to the Autumnal Equinox. So it is not an open question why the Moon would have this name; it is simply that the close proximity of the full lunar phase does not occur close to the season's start in September, hence the Harvest Moon in this month of October.
But note in the Sky Roundup Almanac (below), there two Full Moons this month! So, the Harvest Moon does indeed occur (just not in September), but at the start of the month. Of course, it is followed by the Hunter's Moon, which occurs at the end of the month, and coincidentally, on Hallowe'en this year.
In addition, since it is the second Full Moon in a single month, it also retains the popular distinction of the Blue Moon. One might think this to be rather special, that a Blue Moon would occur on Hallowe'en; but, it's not so rare, as the same lunar phase happens on the same calendrical date every 19 years (by the Metonic cycle).
By ancient superstition, this time of year was once thought to blur the boundary between the living and the dead. That is, at this time of year, especially by month's end, as the very seams of Earth were rent open ghosts and goblins escaped their underground entombment, letting long-gone souls out for visits to long-lost relatives, hence the pagan belief for the significance of Hallowe'en.
Rather than its more familiar contracted name of Hallowe'en, the real seasonal holiday derives from All Hallows Eve, a Catholic celebration that prepares one for the observance of All Saints Day and All Souls Day.
Though most may look to close up and batten down for the onset of Winter, the night skies are just opening for that same Winter season, as we see the slow seasonal shift to the brighter stars that we typically remember on frosty clear nights in the coming months.
Sky Roundup Almanac for October 2020
October 01: Full Moon at 21:04 UTC (or, 4:04 p. m. CDT on 10/01).
October 09: Last Quarter Moon at 00:39 UTC (or, 7:39 p. m. CDT on 10/09).
October 16: New Moon at 19:31 UTC (or 2:31 p. m. CDT on 10/16).
October 23: First Quarter Moon at 13:22 UTC (or, 8:22 a. m. CDT on 10/23).
October 31: Full Moon at 14:49 UTC (or, 9:49 a. m. CDT on 10/31).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time.
October 09: Last Quarter Moon at 00:39 UTC (or, 7:39 p. m. CDT on 10/09).
October 16: New Moon at 19:31 UTC (or 2:31 p. m. CDT on 10/16).
October 23: First Quarter Moon at 13:22 UTC (or, 8:22 a. m. CDT on 10/23).
October 31: Full Moon at 14:49 UTC (or, 9:49 a. m. CDT on 10/31).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time.
Sky Roundup for September
Astronomical highlights for the month of September 2020
Try to Remember
The kind of September when life was slow and oh so mellow.
A lyric from a song that waxes nostalgic might make one pine for fond memories of an earlier, carefree time, when one could go about one's business without concern from outside oversight. Sky observers often have fond memories of fun forays into the night sky that never requires outside oversight. That is, sky observers are among those who exercise their business more often when most are fast asleep. And the business of amateur astronomers is to observe the night sky.
Setting up a telescope for a night's observing may be mildly curious to onlookers, but exciting to amateur astronomers. And we continue to make many memories, so when we try to remember the kind of September we once had, we won't have to try too hard to recall the fun. Let's see what's oh so mellow this month.
For the past months of Summer, the planets have shifted across the sky. Across the evening sky after the Sun sets, three planets occupy the heavens most of the night. Mars (in Pisces, the Fishes) shines brightly in the east by 8 p. m., while both Saturn and Jupiter (the latter two paired in Sagittarius, the Archer) precede the Red Planet into the sky and are just past due south by that same time, as fine sights to view. (See first chart, below.)
A lyric from a song that waxes nostalgic might make one pine for fond memories of an earlier, carefree time, when one could go about one's business without concern from outside oversight. Sky observers often have fond memories of fun forays into the night sky that never requires outside oversight. That is, sky observers are among those who exercise their business more often when most are fast asleep. And the business of amateur astronomers is to observe the night sky.
Setting up a telescope for a night's observing may be mildly curious to onlookers, but exciting to amateur astronomers. And we continue to make many memories, so when we try to remember the kind of September we once had, we won't have to try too hard to recall the fun. Let's see what's oh so mellow this month.
For the past months of Summer, the planets have shifted across the sky. Across the evening sky after the Sun sets, three planets occupy the heavens most of the night. Mars (in Pisces, the Fishes) shines brightly in the east by 8 p. m., while both Saturn and Jupiter (the latter two paired in Sagittarius, the Archer) precede the Red Planet into the sky and are just past due south by that same time, as fine sights to view. (See first chart, below.)
Brilliant Venus, which has crossed over from the evening sky earlier in the Summer into the pre-dawn sky now prior to the start of Autumn, glows alone in morning twilight before sunup. (See second chart, below.)
In September, by the Old Farmer's Almanac, our nearest celestial neighbor, the Moon, is known at its full phase as the Full Corn Moon, when the fields ripen with maize nearly ready for harvest. One might expect that September's Moon would be a Harvest Moon. Not this month; wait till next month for that.
When it feels like too much oversight leans in from the outside, get over that feeling: Go outside and look up. Lean into the night sky and try to remember the kind of September when life was slow and oh so mellow.
When it feels like too much oversight leans in from the outside, get over that feeling: Go outside and look up. Lean into the night sky and try to remember the kind of September when life was slow and oh so mellow.
Sky Roundup Almanac for September 2020
September 02: Full Moon at 17:22 UTC (or, 12:22 a. m. CDT on 09/02).
September 10: Last Quarter Moon at 9:25 UTC (or 4:25 a. m. CDT on 09/10).
September 17: New Moon at 11:00 UTC (or, 6:00 a. m. CDT on 09/17).
September 22: Autumnal Equinox, First Day of Fall, at 13:30 UTC (or, 8:30 a. m. CDT on 9/22).
September 24: First Quarter Moon at 1:54 UTC (or, 8:54 p. m. CDT on 09/23).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time.
September 10: Last Quarter Moon at 9:25 UTC (or 4:25 a. m. CDT on 09/10).
September 17: New Moon at 11:00 UTC (or, 6:00 a. m. CDT on 09/17).
September 22: Autumnal Equinox, First Day of Fall, at 13:30 UTC (or, 8:30 a. m. CDT on 9/22).
September 24: First Quarter Moon at 1:54 UTC (or, 8:54 p. m. CDT on 09/23).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time.
Sky Roundup for August
Astronomical highlights for the month of August 2020
Eyes Up
This time of year on the modern astronomical calendar marks the height of Summer. Full blooms, lush greenery, daytime cloudbursts. After sunset, the trilling of tree frogs fill the night air and a pall of humidity can be thick with fireflies and flying moths.
On the meteorological calendar, the season may seem more advanced. Days can be hot and nights still humid, but the summer weather for this season ends with the month. That is, when it comes to the meteorological calendar versus the astronomical calendar, the former gauges the passing of seasons by the alignment to what we experience outdoors, while the latter gauges the passing of seasons by the alignment of Earth's axis to the Sun.
By August, there's a perceptible change in the air, just a hint of Autumn. And that makes sense from what we experience in weather; that is, the weather for that season seems to seep in prior to the astronomical start of the season. So while Autumn won't begin (astronomically) until late September, by late August we already feel a hint of it in the air.
And though the older medieval calendar, still retaining its holidays and celebrations as artifacts in our modern calendar, was more often based on weather for farming to mark the passage of seasons, the modern use of meteorological calendar is not folklore. That is, meteorologists rely on this modern demarcation of seasons to explain our seasonal weather, since it aligns to the annual temperature cycle.
Last month challenged us to search for faint meteors; this month prompts one to look for the best known of meteor showers, namely, the Perseids. An annual rite of passage for those who spend time at night with eyes up to the heavens, this month's meteors are already underway from July 17th till August 24th. And they are noted for the occasional fireballs that can light up the sky. This shower's peak occurs on or about August 11th through 13th.
In August, by the Old Farmer's Almanac, our near-space neighbor, the Moon, is known at its full phase as the Full Sturgeon Moon, owing to the abundance of this particular fish in Great Lakes. Also our nearest celestial neighbor is called the Green Corn Moon, so named to anticipate an Autumn harvest of maize.
More than enough fine celestial splendors to keep eyes up this month.
On the meteorological calendar, the season may seem more advanced. Days can be hot and nights still humid, but the summer weather for this season ends with the month. That is, when it comes to the meteorological calendar versus the astronomical calendar, the former gauges the passing of seasons by the alignment to what we experience outdoors, while the latter gauges the passing of seasons by the alignment of Earth's axis to the Sun.
By August, there's a perceptible change in the air, just a hint of Autumn. And that makes sense from what we experience in weather; that is, the weather for that season seems to seep in prior to the astronomical start of the season. So while Autumn won't begin (astronomically) until late September, by late August we already feel a hint of it in the air.
And though the older medieval calendar, still retaining its holidays and celebrations as artifacts in our modern calendar, was more often based on weather for farming to mark the passage of seasons, the modern use of meteorological calendar is not folklore. That is, meteorologists rely on this modern demarcation of seasons to explain our seasonal weather, since it aligns to the annual temperature cycle.
Last month challenged us to search for faint meteors; this month prompts one to look for the best known of meteor showers, namely, the Perseids. An annual rite of passage for those who spend time at night with eyes up to the heavens, this month's meteors are already underway from July 17th till August 24th. And they are noted for the occasional fireballs that can light up the sky. This shower's peak occurs on or about August 11th through 13th.
In August, by the Old Farmer's Almanac, our near-space neighbor, the Moon, is known at its full phase as the Full Sturgeon Moon, owing to the abundance of this particular fish in Great Lakes. Also our nearest celestial neighbor is called the Green Corn Moon, so named to anticipate an Autumn harvest of maize.
More than enough fine celestial splendors to keep eyes up this month.
UPDATE: Late last month there was a neat treat in the night sky, a comet! It's been a while since one has graced the evening sky, where it can be glimpsed fairly readily. Comet NEOWISE, so named for its discovery by the NEOWISE spacecraft, was fairly well positioned for observers across the Great Lakes region, just after sunset. The comet's relative brightness rivaled that of a 3rd-magnitude star, which made it visible to the unmasked eye, once spotted in a binocular. Easy to photograph with a digital camera (see image, below), the comet has since wended its way out of the Solar System, lost to our view for perhaps the next 7,000 years.
(Image taken on 7/23/2020, at 9:45 p. m. CDT, with Canon Rebel Ti, ISO 400, 30-second exposure, hence the slight streaking of stars. The 3rd-magnitude star to the upper left of the comet is Psi Ursa Majoris.)
(Image taken on 7/23/2020, at 9:45 p. m. CDT, with Canon Rebel Ti, ISO 400, 30-second exposure, hence the slight streaking of stars. The 3rd-magnitude star to the upper left of the comet is Psi Ursa Majoris.)
Sky Roundup Almanac for August 2020
August 03: Full Moon at 15:58 UTC (or, 10:58 a. m. CDT on 08/03).
August 11: Last Quarter Moon at 16:44 UTC (or 11:44 a. m. CDT on 08/11).
August 12: Peak of Perseid meteor shower!
August 19: New Moon at 02:41 UTC (or, 9:41 p. m. CDT on 08/18) aka Black Moon.
August 25: First Quarter Moon at 17:57 UTC (or, 12:57 p. m. CDT on 08/25).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time.
August 11: Last Quarter Moon at 16:44 UTC (or 11:44 a. m. CDT on 08/11).
August 12: Peak of Perseid meteor shower!
August 19: New Moon at 02:41 UTC (or, 9:41 p. m. CDT on 08/18) aka Black Moon.
August 25: First Quarter Moon at 17:57 UTC (or, 12:57 p. m. CDT on 08/25).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time.
Sky Roundup for July
Astronomical highlights for the month of July 2020
Eye on July
With a modest telescope or good binocular, this time of Summer can yield a good early hunt of the Milky Way for distant Messier objects, such as galaxies and star clusters. For those across the Great Lakes region, for example, good observing will need clear skies overhead and an unobstructed southern exposure to take in most of the better and visible Messier objects embedded in the Milky Way, and, the sweeping grandeur of this truly star-spangled banner, spanning the sky from north to south.
This roundup can continue for the next several months (even into the start of Autumn), as the edge of our home galaxy, as seen from our earthly vantage, will ride high across the Summer sky late into the evening and the wee hours after midnight.
For those with only the unclothed eye, Summer also is a fine time to search for satellites after sunset, which can be done with minimum effort and early in the evening as nautical twilight ends.
Even more challenging prompts one to look for this month's meteors before sunrise, when the light of the Moon doesn't interfere. Of particular interest this month are several showers, all of which lay within the same span of southern sky; so, looking for them is straightforward.
The first of these showers is the Alpha Capricornids, which generally are observable every year from July 3rd through August 15th, though their numbers are few and far between, except for the most patient observer with keen eyesight.
The next shower, also with few and faint meteors, is known as the Piscis Austrinids, which runs yearly from July 15th through August 10th. One really needs a moonless sky away from city lights to see these fast, faint streaks.
The better known meteor shower, known as the Delta Aquarids, appears to emanate generally from the vicinity of the constellation Aquarius (the Water-Bearer), and, and may show about 15-20 meteors per hour. They can be seen every year from July 12th through August 23rd.
Though this latter meteor shower favors viewers in the Southern Hemisphere, they may be best glimpsed low on your southern horizon toward the end of this month (when the meteors' hourly rate peaks on July 27th or 28th). Look for them after moonset, and, between midnight and dawn.
(See chart, below, for relative sky locations of all these showers late in the month after midnight, when their radiants are due south and highest in the sky. Note Jupiter and Saturn are visible, too.)
This roundup can continue for the next several months (even into the start of Autumn), as the edge of our home galaxy, as seen from our earthly vantage, will ride high across the Summer sky late into the evening and the wee hours after midnight.
For those with only the unclothed eye, Summer also is a fine time to search for satellites after sunset, which can be done with minimum effort and early in the evening as nautical twilight ends.
Even more challenging prompts one to look for this month's meteors before sunrise, when the light of the Moon doesn't interfere. Of particular interest this month are several showers, all of which lay within the same span of southern sky; so, looking for them is straightforward.
The first of these showers is the Alpha Capricornids, which generally are observable every year from July 3rd through August 15th, though their numbers are few and far between, except for the most patient observer with keen eyesight.
The next shower, also with few and faint meteors, is known as the Piscis Austrinids, which runs yearly from July 15th through August 10th. One really needs a moonless sky away from city lights to see these fast, faint streaks.
The better known meteor shower, known as the Delta Aquarids, appears to emanate generally from the vicinity of the constellation Aquarius (the Water-Bearer), and, and may show about 15-20 meteors per hour. They can be seen every year from July 12th through August 23rd.
Though this latter meteor shower favors viewers in the Southern Hemisphere, they may be best glimpsed low on your southern horizon toward the end of this month (when the meteors' hourly rate peaks on July 27th or 28th). Look for them after moonset, and, between midnight and dawn.
(See chart, below, for relative sky locations of all these showers late in the month after midnight, when their radiants are due south and highest in the sky. Note Jupiter and Saturn are visible, too.)
In July, by the Old Farmer's Almanac, our near-space neighbor is known at its full phase as the Full Buck Moon, as male deer, which have shed antlers earlier, begin to regrow them prior to their Autumn rut. Also known as the Thunder Moon, presumably for the swiftness with which summer storms can blow up and come thrashing, our nearest celestial neighbor is also called the Hay Moon, so named to commemorate an occasional early July harvest.
Keep not only one eye on July, but both eyes on the skies all this month.
Keep not only one eye on July, but both eyes on the skies all this month.
Sky Roundup Almanac for July 2020
July 04: Full Moon at 16:44 UTC (or, 11:44 p. m. CDT on 07/04).
July 12: Last Quarter Moon at 23:29 UTC (or 6:29 p. m. CDT on 07/12).
July 20: New Moon at 17:32 UTC (or, 12:32 p. m. CDT on 07/20).
July 27: First Quarter Moon at 12:32 UTC (or, 7:32 a. m. CDT on 07/27).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time
July 12: Last Quarter Moon at 23:29 UTC (or 6:29 p. m. CDT on 07/12).
July 20: New Moon at 17:32 UTC (or, 12:32 p. m. CDT on 07/20).
July 27: First Quarter Moon at 12:32 UTC (or, 7:32 a. m. CDT on 07/27).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time
Sky Roundup for June
Astronomical highlights for the month of June 2020
June Moon
While we anxiously await the lunacy of past weeks to seek its lowest level and ebb at last, one constant often blamed for lunacy keeps its face to us always, never to look away from the troubles of our home world in our lifetime. So, just a quick note to insert here for this month's Sky Roundup, to re-focus our gaze and look heavenward, and, seek some solace in a friendly nod to Earth nearest neighbor, the Moon.
An orb that changes shape and shade throughout the month, still the Moon can be comfortingly predictable, once one is used to its appearance and movement, unchanging in its reliability to be just a little east of where we saw it the night before, or, exactingly accurate when it next blots out the Sun during a total solar eclipse.
In June, by the Old Farmer's Almanac, our neighbor the Moon, has been known at its full phase as the Full Strawberry Moon, since this month has often been the time when that red fruit ripens and is right for picking.
While events across our globe continue to ripen, one lone bright orb above us is always in season for us to pick a quick look or for a long, lingering gaze. The June Moon, just a welcome otherworldly diversion, from the lunacy on our own world.
An orb that changes shape and shade throughout the month, still the Moon can be comfortingly predictable, once one is used to its appearance and movement, unchanging in its reliability to be just a little east of where we saw it the night before, or, exactingly accurate when it next blots out the Sun during a total solar eclipse.
In June, by the Old Farmer's Almanac, our neighbor the Moon, has been known at its full phase as the Full Strawberry Moon, since this month has often been the time when that red fruit ripens and is right for picking.
While events across our globe continue to ripen, one lone bright orb above us is always in season for us to pick a quick look or for a long, lingering gaze. The June Moon, just a welcome otherworldly diversion, from the lunacy on our own world.
Sky Roundup Almanac for June 2020
June 05: Full Moon at 19:12 UTC (or, 2:12 p. m. CDT on 06/05).
June 13: Last Quarter Moon at 6:23 UTC (or 1:23 a. m. CDT on 06/13).
June 20: Summer Solstice, First day of Summer at 21:44 UTC (or, 4:44 p. m. CDT).
June 21: New Moon at 6:41 UTC (or, 1:41 a. m. CDT on 06/21).
June 28: First Quarter Moon at 8:15 UTC (or, 3:15 a. m. CDT on 06/28).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time.
June 13: Last Quarter Moon at 6:23 UTC (or 1:23 a. m. CDT on 06/13).
June 20: Summer Solstice, First day of Summer at 21:44 UTC (or, 4:44 p. m. CDT).
June 21: New Moon at 6:41 UTC (or, 1:41 a. m. CDT on 06/21).
June 28: First Quarter Moon at 8:15 UTC (or, 3:15 a. m. CDT on 06/28).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time.
Sky Roundup for May
Astronomical highlights for the month of May 2020
May Open
Last month's column was straightforward and to the point: Don't sit inside, especially when you can be outside observing. This month's message is just as direct: Time to open up.
April's traditionally rainy or iffy weather may have kept scopes on lockdown, which is not unusual for that month of Spring; but, this month of May opens with the blossom of floral finery and the rise of desire to get out under the stars.
Our neighbors have been hiding behind clouds, masked from our view. Now is the time to step out with your scope, step up to its eyepiece, and turn your face full to the sky all around us.
Here's what's to behold to the unmasked face.
For May (as in previous two months), every observer may delight in the pleasing sight that opens this month. In morning twilight before the Sun rises, three planets extend up from the horizon in straight-line formation. Mars, Saturn, and Jupiter (the first two in Capricornus, the Sea-Goat; the latter in Sagittarius, the Archer) line up at an shallow angle to the horizon in the southeast sky. (See first chart, below.)
April's traditionally rainy or iffy weather may have kept scopes on lockdown, which is not unusual for that month of Spring; but, this month of May opens with the blossom of floral finery and the rise of desire to get out under the stars.
Our neighbors have been hiding behind clouds, masked from our view. Now is the time to step out with your scope, step up to its eyepiece, and turn your face full to the sky all around us.
Here's what's to behold to the unmasked face.
For May (as in previous two months), every observer may delight in the pleasing sight that opens this month. In morning twilight before the Sun rises, three planets extend up from the horizon in straight-line formation. Mars, Saturn, and Jupiter (the first two in Capricornus, the Sea-Goat; the latter in Sagittarius, the Archer) line up at an shallow angle to the horizon in the southeast sky. (See first chart, below.)
By month's end, the reddish planet moves into Aquarius (the Water-Bearer) toward the horizon; the ringed planet and the largest planet both move closer together during the month.
Brilliant planet Venus glows alone in evening twilight, as it has over the last two months. Only clouds can mask its bright beauty. Smallish Mercury is barely glimpsed above the horizon at sunset. By mid-month and beyond, both are lost to the glare of the Sun, along with the constellations of Winter, such as Orion (the Hunter) and Taurus (the Bull). (See second chart, below.)
Brilliant planet Venus glows alone in evening twilight, as it has over the last two months. Only clouds can mask its bright beauty. Smallish Mercury is barely glimpsed above the horizon at sunset. By mid-month and beyond, both are lost to the glare of the Sun, along with the constellations of Winter, such as Orion (the Hunter) and Taurus (the Bull). (See second chart, below.)
During May, by the Old Farmer's Almanac, our neighbor the Moon, whose face, never masked, is periodically shaded from our view, is known at its full phase as the Full Flower Moon, of course lending credence to the adage that May's all abloom with all that floral finery. Time to step up and step out, to smell the flowers and embrace the season.
One cannot sit idly by, while the sky wheels about in solemn procession, unbowed by the vagaries of our world. Step up, step out; look up, look about. The month of May is the time to open up, come what may.
One cannot sit idly by, while the sky wheels about in solemn procession, unbowed by the vagaries of our world. Step up, step out; look up, look about. The month of May is the time to open up, come what may.
Sky Roundup Almanac for May 2020
May 07: Full Moon at 10:45 UTC (or, 5:45 a. m. CDT on 05/07).
May 14: Last Quarter Moon at 14:02 UTC (or 9:02 a. m. CDT on 05/14).
May 22: New Moon at 17:38 UTC (or, 12:38 p. m. CDT on 05/22).
May 29: First Quarter Moon at 15:29 UTC (or, 10:29 p. m. CDT on 05/29).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time.
May 14: Last Quarter Moon at 14:02 UTC (or 9:02 a. m. CDT on 05/14).
May 22: New Moon at 17:38 UTC (or, 12:38 p. m. CDT on 05/22).
May 29: First Quarter Moon at 15:29 UTC (or, 10:29 p. m. CDT on 05/29).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time.
Sky Roundup for April
Astronomical highlights for the month of April 2020
April Fools Not
The message for the month is simple and straightforward: Don't sit inside like a fool.
Observe as much as one can, as much as the weather in your area permits. In folklore circles, April is often known for Spring rains. While not unusual, clouds play havoc with optical telescopes. Not to be able to observe is like wearing a mask, but over one's eyes. Not a good look. For many reasons these days, don't let the clouds get in your eyes. One must see clearly at all times.
So don't be caught wearing a mask over your eyes; you might become an unintended victim of mistaken identity. Except for surgical teams, welders, painters, and exterminators, masks can look foolish, unless you're going to a smashing masquerade ball or going trick-or-treating with the kids at Halowe'en.
Time for a late unmasking of Sky Roundup, where Earth's nearest celestial neighbor showed up this month as the Pink Supermoon. No, it did not appear pink nor was it wearing a pink mask; but, Yes, it was another Supermoon. During April, by the Old Farmer's Almanac, the Moon is known as the Full Pink Moon, due to the appearance of of “moss pink” or ground phlox. A so-called Supermoon was coincident with the folklore name for the Moon this month, hence the rosy title.
Time to start observing. No fooling.
Observe as much as one can, as much as the weather in your area permits. In folklore circles, April is often known for Spring rains. While not unusual, clouds play havoc with optical telescopes. Not to be able to observe is like wearing a mask, but over one's eyes. Not a good look. For many reasons these days, don't let the clouds get in your eyes. One must see clearly at all times.
So don't be caught wearing a mask over your eyes; you might become an unintended victim of mistaken identity. Except for surgical teams, welders, painters, and exterminators, masks can look foolish, unless you're going to a smashing masquerade ball or going trick-or-treating with the kids at Halowe'en.
Time for a late unmasking of Sky Roundup, where Earth's nearest celestial neighbor showed up this month as the Pink Supermoon. No, it did not appear pink nor was it wearing a pink mask; but, Yes, it was another Supermoon. During April, by the Old Farmer's Almanac, the Moon is known as the Full Pink Moon, due to the appearance of of “moss pink” or ground phlox. A so-called Supermoon was coincident with the folklore name for the Moon this month, hence the rosy title.
Time to start observing. No fooling.
Sky Roundup Almanac for April 2020
April 01: First Quarter Moon at 10:21 UTC (or, 5:21 a. m. CDT on 04/01).
April 08: Full Moon at 02:35 UTC (or, 9:35 p. m. CDT on 04/07).
April 14: Last Quarter Moon at 22:56 UTC (or 5:56 p. m. CDT on 04/14).
April 22: New Moon at 02:25 UTC (or, 9:25 p. m. CDT on 04/21).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time.
April 08: Full Moon at 02:35 UTC (or, 9:35 p. m. CDT on 04/07).
April 14: Last Quarter Moon at 22:56 UTC (or 5:56 p. m. CDT on 04/14).
April 22: New Moon at 02:25 UTC (or, 9:25 p. m. CDT on 04/21).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time.
Sky Roundup for March
Astronomical highlights for the month of March 2020
March into the Green
Last month had an extra day since this year is a leap year. And that leap year offered refinements to the previous Roman-style calendar, the Julian calendar, that had been in use for many prior centuries. (This is what the Julian calendar looks like for this year of 2020; compare its dates to the modern Gregorian calendar for this same year.)
The transition from the Julian calendar to the Gregorian calendar also allowed for new rules in the liturgical calendar, these refinements included revised rules for calculating the annual date of Easter.
That is, the need for a new calendar grew out of accumulated discrepancies introduced over centuries by the Julian calendar. Also, it was generally true (by the Council of Nicaea), that the date of Easter could be determined as the first Sunday after the first Full Moon after the First day of Spring. True enough for an astronomical date, but not always true for an ecclesiastical date, hence the impetus for a new calendar.
Also, a new calendar was deemed necessary to keep straight various liturgical feasts and festivals (e.g., St. Patrick's Day, a day for wearing green and for celebrating an island country kept verdant by Atlantic mists and heavy rainfall).
Revisions for a new calendar were already in the works in the years before 1582, the year when Pope Gregory XIII introduced the new calendar. Once introduced, though, it took several centuries for the modern calendar to gain acceptance worldwide.
Let's not take as long to publish our next monthly Sky Roundup.
For March, most every observer will accept the pleasing sight that opens this month. In morning twilight before the Sun rises, three planets march up from the horizon in straight-line formation. Saturn, Jupiter, and Mars (all in Sagittarius, the Archer) line up at an shallow angle to the horizon in the southeast sky. (See first chart, below.) All three march closer together during the month.
The transition from the Julian calendar to the Gregorian calendar also allowed for new rules in the liturgical calendar, these refinements included revised rules for calculating the annual date of Easter.
That is, the need for a new calendar grew out of accumulated discrepancies introduced over centuries by the Julian calendar. Also, it was generally true (by the Council of Nicaea), that the date of Easter could be determined as the first Sunday after the first Full Moon after the First day of Spring. True enough for an astronomical date, but not always true for an ecclesiastical date, hence the impetus for a new calendar.
Also, a new calendar was deemed necessary to keep straight various liturgical feasts and festivals (e.g., St. Patrick's Day, a day for wearing green and for celebrating an island country kept verdant by Atlantic mists and heavy rainfall).
Revisions for a new calendar were already in the works in the years before 1582, the year when Pope Gregory XIII introduced the new calendar. Once introduced, though, it took several centuries for the modern calendar to gain acceptance worldwide.
Let's not take as long to publish our next monthly Sky Roundup.
For March, most every observer will accept the pleasing sight that opens this month. In morning twilight before the Sun rises, three planets march up from the horizon in straight-line formation. Saturn, Jupiter, and Mars (all in Sagittarius, the Archer) line up at an shallow angle to the horizon in the southeast sky. (See first chart, below.) All three march closer together during the month.
Let us all observe, too, that March is the month for the Vernal Equinox, when the Sun crosses the equator (as seen in the sky from that geographic vantage), and the start of the Spring season. But this year's season of greening arrives earlier than what we consider customary; that is, the astronomical start of Spring occurs on March 19th, which is the earliest in nearly 125 years!
By March 20th, one day after the Vernal Equinox, Jupiter and Mars are in conjunction, separated, as seen in the sky, by less than an angle of one-half degree! Indeed, a pleasing sight for a steady binocular or a modest telescope at low magnification. (See second chart, below.) Note that on that date, too, weather and horizon permitting, you might just glimpse Mercury (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer), just emerging into the eastern sky in morning twilight.
By March 20th, one day after the Vernal Equinox, Jupiter and Mars are in conjunction, separated, as seen in the sky, by less than an angle of one-half degree! Indeed, a pleasing sight for a steady binocular or a modest telescope at low magnification. (See second chart, below.) Note that on that date, too, weather and horizon permitting, you might just glimpse Mercury (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer), just emerging into the eastern sky in morning twilight.
Not to be outdone for singular beauty, brilliant Venus glows alone in evening twilight after sundown. (See third chart, below.) Note in the same chart the location of the Andromeda Galaxy (aka M31) in the constellation Andromeda and the Double Cluster (aka NGC 869 and NGC 884) in the constellation Perseus. Both are real visual treats for viewers with a steady binocular or small telescope, and, should be glimpsed before they fade into twilight until their next appearance in Autumn.
During March, by the Old Farmer's Almanac, the Moon is known as the Full Worm Moon, due to the appearance of earthworms as a sure sign of the pending green season. And since this is the first so-called Supermoon of the year, one can be certain that this will be advertised as the Super Worm Moon.
Certainly enough reminders to commend the month of March into the green.
Certainly enough reminders to commend the month of March into the green.
Sky Roundup Almanac for March 2020
March 02: First Quarter Moon at 19:57 UTC (or, 1:57 p. m. CST on 03/02).
March 08: Daylight Saving Time starts at 2:00 a. m. Spring forward! Set clocks ahead 1 hour.
March 09: Full Moon at 17:47 UTC (or, 12:47 p. m. CDT on 03/09). Super Worm Moon!
March 16: Last Quarter Moon at 9:34 UTC (or 4:34 a. m. CDT on 03/16).
March 19: Vernal Equinox, first day of Spring, earliest in nearly 125 years!
March 24: New Moon at 9:28 UTC (or, 4:28 a. m. CDT on 03/24).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to both Central Standard Time and to Central Daylight Time.
March 08: Daylight Saving Time starts at 2:00 a. m. Spring forward! Set clocks ahead 1 hour.
March 09: Full Moon at 17:47 UTC (or, 12:47 p. m. CDT on 03/09). Super Worm Moon!
March 16: Last Quarter Moon at 9:34 UTC (or 4:34 a. m. CDT on 03/16).
March 19: Vernal Equinox, first day of Spring, earliest in nearly 125 years!
March 24: New Moon at 9:28 UTC (or, 4:28 a. m. CDT on 03/24).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to both Central Standard Time and to Central Daylight Time.
Sky Roundup for February
Astronomical highlights for the month of February 2020
Short Month, Short Stack
The usual shortest month of the year is not an excuse to deliver a tardy, truncated column about the night sky, but Sky Roundup for this February will be that first for this online feature that has run monthly since 2007. Only a small amount of the night sky is served up for this month. But this month, though a short one, is actually one day longer than its usual four exact calendrical weeks, since 2020 is a leap year.
Instituted for the Roman Republic by Julius Caesar and his chief astronomer Sosigenes in 45 B.C., the Julian calendar introduced the leap year, which was needed to adapt the solar calendar adopted from the Egyptians to the manifold and diverse timekeeping habits across the Roman world at the time.
During a leap year, an extra day was added, to make annual timekeeping match the revolution of Earth about the Sun. For the Romans, that extra day was originally February 23, which repeated every four years; the date of February 29 did not exist in the Julian calendar.
Over a span of centuries, that Caesar-inspired Roman calendar diverged from important dates of feasts and festivals; so, refinements to the Julian calendar were introduced by 1582 during the papacy of Pope Gregory XIII, after whom the more exact and modern Gregorian calendar is named.
Whereas the Julian calendar offered leap years every four years by repeating February 23, the Gregorian calendar's refinements included the proviso that leap years were to be evenly divisible by four, that years ending in double-aughts (like the year 2000) were to be evenly divisible by 400, and that the addition of February 29 was to become the leap day. And very important to the liturgical calendar, these refinements included revised rules for calculating the annual date of Easter. More on this latter feature next month.
During February, by the Old Farmer's Almanac, Earth's one and only natural satellite, the Moon, is traditionally called the Full Snow Moon, owing to the anticipated amount of frozen water vapor (which is the actual nature of snow) to pile up during that month.
In this short month and for childhood owners of Flexible Flyer sleds, let's hope that any pile of February snow served up a stack of memories of fun and frolic.
Instituted for the Roman Republic by Julius Caesar and his chief astronomer Sosigenes in 45 B.C., the Julian calendar introduced the leap year, which was needed to adapt the solar calendar adopted from the Egyptians to the manifold and diverse timekeeping habits across the Roman world at the time.
During a leap year, an extra day was added, to make annual timekeeping match the revolution of Earth about the Sun. For the Romans, that extra day was originally February 23, which repeated every four years; the date of February 29 did not exist in the Julian calendar.
Over a span of centuries, that Caesar-inspired Roman calendar diverged from important dates of feasts and festivals; so, refinements to the Julian calendar were introduced by 1582 during the papacy of Pope Gregory XIII, after whom the more exact and modern Gregorian calendar is named.
Whereas the Julian calendar offered leap years every four years by repeating February 23, the Gregorian calendar's refinements included the proviso that leap years were to be evenly divisible by four, that years ending in double-aughts (like the year 2000) were to be evenly divisible by 400, and that the addition of February 29 was to become the leap day. And very important to the liturgical calendar, these refinements included revised rules for calculating the annual date of Easter. More on this latter feature next month.
During February, by the Old Farmer's Almanac, Earth's one and only natural satellite, the Moon, is traditionally called the Full Snow Moon, owing to the anticipated amount of frozen water vapor (which is the actual nature of snow) to pile up during that month.
In this short month and for childhood owners of Flexible Flyer sleds, let's hope that any pile of February snow served up a stack of memories of fun and frolic.
Sky Roundup Almanac for February 2020
February 02: First Quarter Moon at 02:41 UTC (or, 8:41 p. m. CST on 02/01).
February 09: Full Moon at 7:33 UTC (or, 2:33 a. m. CST on 02/08).
February 15: Last Quarter Moon at 23:17 UTC (or 5:17 p. m. CST on 02/15).
February 23: New Moon at 16:32 UTC (or, 10:32 a. m. CST on 02/23).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
February 09: Full Moon at 7:33 UTC (or, 2:33 a. m. CST on 02/08).
February 15: Last Quarter Moon at 23:17 UTC (or 5:17 p. m. CST on 02/15).
February 23: New Moon at 16:32 UTC (or, 10:32 a. m. CST on 02/23).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for January
Astronomical highlights for the month of January 2020
Brave New Year
Start the year right, no resolutions needed. Get outside for clear skies, weather permitting. Brave the weather, do not fear the force of the wind.
Brilliant Venus (in Aquarius, the Water Bearer) shines brightly in evening twilight after the Sun sets, dominating the western sky. During December, as the planet appeared to move slowly eastward night and night, it traversed the constellation immediately to its west, Capricornus (the Sea-Goat).
Mercury and Saturn dropped from sight in December, and, in January, both are lost in the glare of the Sun through the middle of the month. In the meantime, Jupiter, which had headed toward the western horizon all last month, has crossed into the morning sky, but remains too near to the Sun for most of January, as viewed from our earthly vantage, for clear viewing.
By month's end, though, Mercury (then in Capricornus) will emerge barely into evening twilight after sunset, while Jupiter and Saturn (both in Sagittarius, the Archer) will be marginally visible, rising ahead of the Sun in morning twilight.
During January, as in the previous December, Mars (now in Ophiuchus, the Serpent-Handler), continues to rise higher daily, as seen in the east, in morning twilight before sunrise.
Starting the New Year would not be complete without a nod to the Moon. In January, its folklore name at full phase, by the Old Farmer's Almanac, is traditionally called the Full Wolf Moon, owing to the howling of wolves that would break the stillness of the night air as packs moved on the hunt. This month's full phase is also known as the Full Cold Moon, for the deep cold that settles across the landscape during January nights.
Braving that deep cold, if only for a short time in this New Year, to glimpse the sky through the still night air, can make for a lasting memory for the rest of the year. Be brave!
Brilliant Venus (in Aquarius, the Water Bearer) shines brightly in evening twilight after the Sun sets, dominating the western sky. During December, as the planet appeared to move slowly eastward night and night, it traversed the constellation immediately to its west, Capricornus (the Sea-Goat).
Mercury and Saturn dropped from sight in December, and, in January, both are lost in the glare of the Sun through the middle of the month. In the meantime, Jupiter, which had headed toward the western horizon all last month, has crossed into the morning sky, but remains too near to the Sun for most of January, as viewed from our earthly vantage, for clear viewing.
By month's end, though, Mercury (then in Capricornus) will emerge barely into evening twilight after sunset, while Jupiter and Saturn (both in Sagittarius, the Archer) will be marginally visible, rising ahead of the Sun in morning twilight.
During January, as in the previous December, Mars (now in Ophiuchus, the Serpent-Handler), continues to rise higher daily, as seen in the east, in morning twilight before sunrise.
Starting the New Year would not be complete without a nod to the Moon. In January, its folklore name at full phase, by the Old Farmer's Almanac, is traditionally called the Full Wolf Moon, owing to the howling of wolves that would break the stillness of the night air as packs moved on the hunt. This month's full phase is also known as the Full Cold Moon, for the deep cold that settles across the landscape during January nights.
Braving that deep cold, if only for a short time in this New Year, to glimpse the sky through the still night air, can make for a lasting memory for the rest of the year. Be brave!
Sky Roundup Almanac for January 2020
January 03: First Quarter Moon at 04:46 UTC (or, 10:46 p. m. CST on 01/02).
January 10: Full Moon at 19:21 UTC (or, 1:21 p. m. CST on 01/10).
January 17: Last Quarter Moon at 12:58 UTC (or 6:58 a. m. CST on 01/17).
January 24: New Moon at 21:42 UTC (or, 3:42 p. m. CST on 01/24).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
January 10: Full Moon at 19:21 UTC (or, 1:21 p. m. CST on 01/10).
January 17: Last Quarter Moon at 12:58 UTC (or 6:58 a. m. CST on 01/17).
January 24: New Moon at 21:42 UTC (or, 3:42 p. m. CST on 01/24).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for December
Astronomical highlights for the month of December 2019
The Night Before Christmas
Since 2009, Roy Kaelin’s installment of Sky Roundup for December has started with his parody of "A Visit of St. Nicholas" and that little tradition continues this year. With apologies to Clement Clark Moore.
'Twas the night before Christmas,
When all through his house
A stargazer was stirring, clicking his mouse;
His mounting set up in the backyard with care,
In hopes that clearing skies soon would be there.
He could’ve been nestled all snug in his bed,
But visions of nebulae danced in his head;
And grabbing a kerchief to dust a lens from its cap,
He caffeined his brain to shun a long winter’s nap--
When out on the lawn there arose such a clatter,
He sprang from his chair to see what was the matter:
Away to his set-up he flew like a flash,
Hoping his ‘scope didn’t loosen and crash.
The moon, on the breast of new-fallen snow,
Gave a luster of mid-day to objects, ya’ know:
When, what to his wandering eyes should appear,
But a case full of eyepieces amid his old gear;
Fellow geeks always bought these, so lively and quick,
He knew in a moment they’d all be heartsick.
More lenses he now owned and savored his claim,
And he whistled, and shouted, and called them by name--
“Now, Brandon! now, Nagler! now, Ethos! and Vixen!
No coma! Flat fields! Star parties I’m blitzin’;
To the top of each planet, to the top of Straight Wall,
I’ll dash to see nebulae, faraway all!”
He gathered his new gear, so pleased he might cry,
And carried all to his ‘scope, its mount to the sky,
So, up past his house-top his ‘scope aimed anew,
A case full of lenses—and such neat stuff too.
With stars all a-twinkling from heat off the roof,
The night sky unveiled its warp and its woof;
As he drew up a chair, and was turning around,
Down next to his ‘scope the ‘gazer came with a bound.
His parka lined in fur
From his head to his foot,
And his clothes came all furnished
With pockets to boot:
This new bunch of toys
He now kept near his back,
And he thrilled like a youngster
As he opened his pack;
His eyes how they twinkled!
Each eyepiece how merry--
Were just what he wanted,
Whence they came he was wary;
Ev’ry ocular gleamed
Each drawn up with a bow,
Who could’ve left them and
Left no tracks in the snow?
He thought for a bit
Of this season of year,
And thought it unlikely he’d
Earned such good cheer.
Still he was thankful
And humbled quite by it;
He vowed to do better
And stay on a diet.
He was chubby and plump--
His right jolly old self;
From too much late snacking
In spite of himself.
A wink of his eye,
And a twist of his head,
Soon gave him to know
Where each eyepiece might thread.
He spoke not a word,
But went straight to his work,
And logged all his sightings:
Then turned with a jerk,
And laying his pencil
Aside of his prose,
And giving a nod,
To his warm room he rose.
He sprang to its desk,
Jotted notes in a whistle,
And away he then flew
To look through a Plössl:
But all heard him exclaim
Ere he gazed in the night,
“Merry Christmas to all,
And to all A Clear Night.”
'Twas the night before Christmas,
When all through his house
A stargazer was stirring, clicking his mouse;
His mounting set up in the backyard with care,
In hopes that clearing skies soon would be there.
He could’ve been nestled all snug in his bed,
But visions of nebulae danced in his head;
And grabbing a kerchief to dust a lens from its cap,
He caffeined his brain to shun a long winter’s nap--
When out on the lawn there arose such a clatter,
He sprang from his chair to see what was the matter:
Away to his set-up he flew like a flash,
Hoping his ‘scope didn’t loosen and crash.
The moon, on the breast of new-fallen snow,
Gave a luster of mid-day to objects, ya’ know:
When, what to his wandering eyes should appear,
But a case full of eyepieces amid his old gear;
Fellow geeks always bought these, so lively and quick,
He knew in a moment they’d all be heartsick.
More lenses he now owned and savored his claim,
And he whistled, and shouted, and called them by name--
“Now, Brandon! now, Nagler! now, Ethos! and Vixen!
No coma! Flat fields! Star parties I’m blitzin’;
To the top of each planet, to the top of Straight Wall,
I’ll dash to see nebulae, faraway all!”
He gathered his new gear, so pleased he might cry,
And carried all to his ‘scope, its mount to the sky,
So, up past his house-top his ‘scope aimed anew,
A case full of lenses—and such neat stuff too.
With stars all a-twinkling from heat off the roof,
The night sky unveiled its warp and its woof;
As he drew up a chair, and was turning around,
Down next to his ‘scope the ‘gazer came with a bound.
His parka lined in fur
From his head to his foot,
And his clothes came all furnished
With pockets to boot:
This new bunch of toys
He now kept near his back,
And he thrilled like a youngster
As he opened his pack;
His eyes how they twinkled!
Each eyepiece how merry--
Were just what he wanted,
Whence they came he was wary;
Ev’ry ocular gleamed
Each drawn up with a bow,
Who could’ve left them and
Left no tracks in the snow?
He thought for a bit
Of this season of year,
And thought it unlikely he’d
Earned such good cheer.
Still he was thankful
And humbled quite by it;
He vowed to do better
And stay on a diet.
He was chubby and plump--
His right jolly old self;
From too much late snacking
In spite of himself.
A wink of his eye,
And a twist of his head,
Soon gave him to know
Where each eyepiece might thread.
He spoke not a word,
But went straight to his work,
And logged all his sightings:
Then turned with a jerk,
And laying his pencil
Aside of his prose,
And giving a nod,
To his warm room he rose.
He sprang to its desk,
Jotted notes in a whistle,
And away he then flew
To look through a Plössl:
But all heard him exclaim
Ere he gazed in the night,
“Merry Christmas to all,
And to all A Clear Night.”
Sky Roundup Almanac for December 2019
December 05: First Quarter Moon at 6:58 UTC (or, 12:58 a. m. CST on 12/04).
December 12: Full Moon at 05:12 UTC (or, 11:12 p. m. CST on 12/11).
December 19: Last Quarter Moon at 4:57 UTC (or 10:57 p. m. CST on 12/18).
December 26: New Moon at 5:13 UTC (or, 11:13 p. m. CST on 12/25).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
December 12: Full Moon at 05:12 UTC (or, 11:12 p. m. CST on 12/11).
December 19: Last Quarter Moon at 4:57 UTC (or 10:57 p. m. CST on 12/18).
December 26: New Moon at 5:13 UTC (or, 11:13 p. m. CST on 12/25).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for November
Astronomical highlights for the month of November 2019
Thankful Times
We look to take stock of our harvest, and, to show our thanks for its abundance. Such a harvest is not just agricultural in its nature. That is, not only of crops for food and provender for feed, our harvest can include a rich bounty of new insights and honest reflections about the past year, whether we faced trial or triumph, setback or success, poverty or profit.
We look to how well we fared, given our lot, whether that lot came by happenstance of our own fate or by circumstance of our own action. If we succeeded, we might savor victory; if we failed, we might seek succor. In either outcome, we keep on an even keel, not to become bloated by success nor downcast by setback. We look back to review things that gave us lethargy and resistance; we look ahead to redo things that give us vigor and persistence.
From now till the end of this year, we take stock to move out the old and begin to welcome the new; to throw off our current unwanted habits and find anew our former faithful practices.
For this month's installment of Sky Roundup, let's renew our faithful practice of viewing the wonders of the night sky, and, see the celestial sights for which we can be thankful to view.
Brilliant Venus has emerged into evening twilight after the Sun sets, and, will begin to dominate the western horizon. However, during the last week of the month, in Sagittarius (the Archer) Venus will join pale Saturn and bright Jupiter, all lined along the horizon; a clear, unobstructed view with a modest telescope or the sweep of a decent binocular ought to reveal a fine twilight sight. If it's clear on the evening of November 24th, Venus and Jupiter will draw to their closest in evening twilight, as seen from our vantage; this is known as a planetary conjunction, and worth a look. (See first chart, below, for this month.)
We look to how well we fared, given our lot, whether that lot came by happenstance of our own fate or by circumstance of our own action. If we succeeded, we might savor victory; if we failed, we might seek succor. In either outcome, we keep on an even keel, not to become bloated by success nor downcast by setback. We look back to review things that gave us lethargy and resistance; we look ahead to redo things that give us vigor and persistence.
From now till the end of this year, we take stock to move out the old and begin to welcome the new; to throw off our current unwanted habits and find anew our former faithful practices.
For this month's installment of Sky Roundup, let's renew our faithful practice of viewing the wonders of the night sky, and, see the celestial sights for which we can be thankful to view.
Brilliant Venus has emerged into evening twilight after the Sun sets, and, will begin to dominate the western horizon. However, during the last week of the month, in Sagittarius (the Archer) Venus will join pale Saturn and bright Jupiter, all lined along the horizon; a clear, unobstructed view with a modest telescope or the sweep of a decent binocular ought to reveal a fine twilight sight. If it's clear on the evening of November 24th, Venus and Jupiter will draw to their closest in evening twilight, as seen from our vantage; this is known as a planetary conjunction, and worth a look. (See first chart, below, for this month.)
During November, Mars (in Virgo, the Maiden) now becomes visible in the sky above the eastern horizon ahead of the rising Sun; by month's end, the Red Planet is ready to exit east into neighboring Libra (the Scales), to join tiny, pinkish Mercury, which has swung from its brief, bare appearance in October's evening sky after sunset to its lingering, visible showing in November's morning sky before sunrise. (See second chart, below, for this month.)
Not to be left out in the celestial wonders for which we can be thankful to view, the Moon has its own array of folklore names, highlighted here every month, to describe how past peoples viewed its significance.
By the Old Farmer's Almanac, the Moon at full phase in November is traditionally called the Full Beaver Moon, named by natives and colonials for the conspicuous activity of these large marsh rodents, which felled trees and built dams to deepen water around their winter lodges, to keep predators at bay. This month's full phase is also known as the Frost Moon, for the deepening cold that settles across the landscape during November nights.
Certainly, as we brave that deepening cold, we can be thankful for the celestial sights we may be privileged to glimpse.
By the Old Farmer's Almanac, the Moon at full phase in November is traditionally called the Full Beaver Moon, named by natives and colonials for the conspicuous activity of these large marsh rodents, which felled trees and built dams to deepen water around their winter lodges, to keep predators at bay. This month's full phase is also known as the Frost Moon, for the deepening cold that settles across the landscape during November nights.
Certainly, as we brave that deepening cold, we can be thankful for the celestial sights we may be privileged to glimpse.
Sky Roundup Almanac for November 2019
November 03: Standard Time begins at 2:00 a. m. Set clocks and watches back one hour!
November 04: First Quarter Moon at 04:23 UTC (or, 10:23 p. m. CST on 11/03).
November 12: Full Moon at 07:37 UTC (or, 1:37 a. m. CST on 11/12).
November 19: Last Quarter Moon at 15:13 UTC (or 9:13 a. m. CST on 11/19).
November 26: New Moon at 9:07 UTC (or, 3:07 a. m. CST on 11/26).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
November 04: First Quarter Moon at 04:23 UTC (or, 10:23 p. m. CST on 11/03).
November 12: Full Moon at 07:37 UTC (or, 1:37 a. m. CST on 11/12).
November 19: Last Quarter Moon at 15:13 UTC (or 9:13 a. m. CST on 11/19).
November 26: New Moon at 9:07 UTC (or, 3:07 a. m. CST on 11/26).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for October
Astronomical highlights for the month of October 2019
Autumn Treats
This month traditionally brings out the colors of nature as trees begin to lose their summer green to autumnal reds and golds. By most guidebooks' reckoning, a riot of Fall color is always anticipated by avid leaf peepers, depending on one's location for the right combo of sunlight and cool air, or, one's willingness to travel about to behold nature's warm hues.
Let's see what lies above the treeline this month for avid sky peepers.
Brilliant Venus stayed lost last month in the glare of the Sun, but begins to emerge into evening twilight after the Sun sets. Similarly, Mercury also emerges into the evening sky in October, but remains too close to the glare of the Sun for easy seeing.
As in previous Summer months, bright Jupiter remains in Ophiuchus (the Serpent Handler) and pale Saturn stays in Sagittarius (the Archer), though both begin to pair neatly in cool Autumn air at just before sunset. (See the first chart, just below, for this month.)
Let's see what lies above the treeline this month for avid sky peepers.
Brilliant Venus stayed lost last month in the glare of the Sun, but begins to emerge into evening twilight after the Sun sets. Similarly, Mercury also emerges into the evening sky in October, but remains too close to the glare of the Sun for easy seeing.
As in previous Summer months, bright Jupiter remains in Ophiuchus (the Serpent Handler) and pale Saturn stays in Sagittarius (the Archer), though both begin to pair neatly in cool Autumn air at just before sunset. (See the first chart, just below, for this month.)
During October, Mars (in Virgo, the Maiden) emerges into pre-dawn twilight by mid-month, and just becomes visible ahead of the Sun before sunrise by month's end. (See second chart, below, for this month.)
Though October is popularly known as the month for Hallowe'en and trick-or-treating, by month's end a real treat begins to take shape in early evening twilight. Though still too bright from our vantage to capture in a single sweep, the twilight sky just after sunset offers four planets in a line up for a brief grand view. (See third chart, just below.)
Angling up from the horizon and to the observer's left (when facing west at sunset), Mercury, Venus, Jupiter, and Saturn may be just barely glimpsed in the sky all at once. For most latitudes among the Great Lakes, Mercury will be too close to the Sun and just below local horizon for viewing, but the remaining three bright planets may be briefly visible with the sweep of a binocular at the start of civil twilight along with a slim crescent Moon.
Of course, every month the Moon has folklore names to describe our nearest celestial neighbor. By the Old Farmer's Almanac, the Moon at full phase in October is traditionally called the Hunter's Moon, named for appearance of the Full Moon to aid farmers and frontiersman to have light by which to hunt and trap before the onset of Winter. Whereas last month's Moon was known as the Harvest Moon for its welcome light in gathering crops from the fields, now that harvest time has ended (or will soon), this month's Full Moon was anticipated to give light for stocking up on late-season meat and game.
Treated by the sight of nature's seasonal colors by day, we look ahead this month to the treat of glimpsing celestial wonders by night.
Of course, every month the Moon has folklore names to describe our nearest celestial neighbor. By the Old Farmer's Almanac, the Moon at full phase in October is traditionally called the Hunter's Moon, named for appearance of the Full Moon to aid farmers and frontiersman to have light by which to hunt and trap before the onset of Winter. Whereas last month's Moon was known as the Harvest Moon for its welcome light in gathering crops from the fields, now that harvest time has ended (or will soon), this month's Full Moon was anticipated to give light for stocking up on late-season meat and game.
Treated by the sight of nature's seasonal colors by day, we look ahead this month to the treat of glimpsing celestial wonders by night.
Sky Roundup Almanac for October 2019
October 05: First Quarter Moon at 16:47 UTC (or, 11:47 a. m. CDT on 10/05).
October 13: Full Moon at 21:08 UTC (or, 4:08 p. m. CDT on 10/13).
October 21: Last Quarter Moon at 12:39 UTC (or 7:39 a. m. CDT on 10/21).
October 28: New Moon at 3:38 UTC (or, 10:38 p. m. CDT on 10/27).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time.
October 13: Full Moon at 21:08 UTC (or, 4:08 p. m. CDT on 10/13).
October 21: Last Quarter Moon at 12:39 UTC (or 7:39 a. m. CDT on 10/21).
October 28: New Moon at 3:38 UTC (or, 10:38 p. m. CDT on 10/27).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time.
Sky Roundup for September
Astronomical highlights for the month of September 2019
Summer's End, Fall's Start
This month holds that the season of Summer ends twice: First, its unofficial end comes by Labor Day weekend; its actual end arrives later at the Autumnal Equinox. By Labor Day, most elementary schools and high schools have already started the school year; colleges on quarter-systems start up their academic year, while those schools on a semester system already have students looking at assignments due by the middle of the term. Rural communities look at gearing up for harvest time, while commercial retailers are offering Summer's-end sales.
Whether starting a season for schooling or ending a season for growing, this month has us take stock of what we did for the last three months in Summer and what we still need to do the next three months to prepare for Winter. It's a slow (and perhaps welcome) transition from the warming thrill of summertime to the biting chill of wintertime. We won't see leaves of trees reveal their true colors for another month; but, for the sky that branches out far above us, this month is a genuine beginning, not a false start, to gaze at Autumn skies, not only for what they can truly reveal to our eyes but to ponder our place in space and time.
Like last month, the sky continues its own slow transition. Brilliant Venus stays fairly lost in the glare of the Sun until after mid-month, when it begins to emerge into evening twilight after the Sun sets. As in previous Summer months, bright Jupiter remains in Ophiuchus (the Serpent Handler) and pale Saturn stays in Sagittarius (the Archer); those two distant planets appear to move so slowly from our vantage, owing to their huge distance from us and the Sun. Of course, while they're so well positioned for early-evening observation, they're worth a look through a good telescope. During September, Mars and Mercury stay lost in the glare of the Sun.
Of course, every month the Moon has folklore names to describe our nearest celestial neighbor. By the Old Farmer's Almanac, the Moon at full phase in September is traditionally called the Harvest Moon, named for the timely light from the rising Full Moon, by which farmers could gather in the harvest. Whereas last month's Moon was known as the Full Green Corn Moon for the maturing crop in the fields, now that harvest time draws nearer, this month's Full Moon was known as the Full Corn Moon.
Also, we look to the change of seasons, as on our modern astronomical calendar for this year the date of September 23 marks the Autumnal Equinox and the start of the Fall season. It may already feel like Autumn, and, that not's unusual, since, in contrast to the astronomical calendar, the meteorological calendar follows the change of seasons by the track of our monthly weather (which appears not too different from how an older medieval calendar was set up, and, which of course predates our modern astronomical calendar).
Though this column looks monthly at the nearer and brighter objects in the night sky, we should always take the chance to scan for even nearer items, like the occasional meteors (or meteor showers, as in last month) that chance past our view, or, to delve more keenly outward to the vaster stretches beyond our own Solar System. At this time of year, across the top of the sky roughly from north to south, stretches the Milky Way, the edge of our galaxy as seen from our Solar System's vantage within it. On a clear night in a remote rural area, one may mistake the Milky Way for a long cloud, hence its name as a milky-white path through the firmament. By contrast, in suburban and urban locales, we may only glimpse it near the zenith.
Scanning the Milky Way with a binocular is always a treat, for even those modest optics reveal that the “long cloud” is the combined light of millions of distant suns. Embedded within it as seen from Earth's vantage, Messier objects will reward one's search of the Milky Way with a good telescope and an accurate sky guide.
Though we arrive at an end to one season, we look ahead to the start of another. It's a slow transition, but one worth following in the night sky. As the stars of our Summer nights give way to constellations of Autumn, let us take stock of what we've done and what we have yet to do.
Whether starting a season for schooling or ending a season for growing, this month has us take stock of what we did for the last three months in Summer and what we still need to do the next three months to prepare for Winter. It's a slow (and perhaps welcome) transition from the warming thrill of summertime to the biting chill of wintertime. We won't see leaves of trees reveal their true colors for another month; but, for the sky that branches out far above us, this month is a genuine beginning, not a false start, to gaze at Autumn skies, not only for what they can truly reveal to our eyes but to ponder our place in space and time.
Like last month, the sky continues its own slow transition. Brilliant Venus stays fairly lost in the glare of the Sun until after mid-month, when it begins to emerge into evening twilight after the Sun sets. As in previous Summer months, bright Jupiter remains in Ophiuchus (the Serpent Handler) and pale Saturn stays in Sagittarius (the Archer); those two distant planets appear to move so slowly from our vantage, owing to their huge distance from us and the Sun. Of course, while they're so well positioned for early-evening observation, they're worth a look through a good telescope. During September, Mars and Mercury stay lost in the glare of the Sun.
Of course, every month the Moon has folklore names to describe our nearest celestial neighbor. By the Old Farmer's Almanac, the Moon at full phase in September is traditionally called the Harvest Moon, named for the timely light from the rising Full Moon, by which farmers could gather in the harvest. Whereas last month's Moon was known as the Full Green Corn Moon for the maturing crop in the fields, now that harvest time draws nearer, this month's Full Moon was known as the Full Corn Moon.
Also, we look to the change of seasons, as on our modern astronomical calendar for this year the date of September 23 marks the Autumnal Equinox and the start of the Fall season. It may already feel like Autumn, and, that not's unusual, since, in contrast to the astronomical calendar, the meteorological calendar follows the change of seasons by the track of our monthly weather (which appears not too different from how an older medieval calendar was set up, and, which of course predates our modern astronomical calendar).
Though this column looks monthly at the nearer and brighter objects in the night sky, we should always take the chance to scan for even nearer items, like the occasional meteors (or meteor showers, as in last month) that chance past our view, or, to delve more keenly outward to the vaster stretches beyond our own Solar System. At this time of year, across the top of the sky roughly from north to south, stretches the Milky Way, the edge of our galaxy as seen from our Solar System's vantage within it. On a clear night in a remote rural area, one may mistake the Milky Way for a long cloud, hence its name as a milky-white path through the firmament. By contrast, in suburban and urban locales, we may only glimpse it near the zenith.
Scanning the Milky Way with a binocular is always a treat, for even those modest optics reveal that the “long cloud” is the combined light of millions of distant suns. Embedded within it as seen from Earth's vantage, Messier objects will reward one's search of the Milky Way with a good telescope and an accurate sky guide.
Though we arrive at an end to one season, we look ahead to the start of another. It's a slow transition, but one worth following in the night sky. As the stars of our Summer nights give way to constellations of Autumn, let us take stock of what we've done and what we have yet to do.
Sky Roundup Almanac for September 2019
September 06: First Quarter Moon at 03:10 UTC (or, 10:10 p. m. CDT on 09/05)
September 14: Full Moon at 04:33 UTC (or, 11:33 p. m. CDT on 09/13)
September 22: Last Quarter Moon at 02:41 UTC (or 9:41 p. m. CDT on 09/21)
September 23: Autumnal Equinox at 07:50 UTC (or 2:50 a. m. CDT on 09/23); first day of Fall!
September 28: New Moon at 18:26 UTC (or, 1:26 p. m. CDT on 09/28)
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time.
September 14: Full Moon at 04:33 UTC (or, 11:33 p. m. CDT on 09/13)
September 22: Last Quarter Moon at 02:41 UTC (or 9:41 p. m. CDT on 09/21)
September 23: Autumnal Equinox at 07:50 UTC (or 2:50 a. m. CDT on 09/23); first day of Fall!
September 28: New Moon at 18:26 UTC (or, 1:26 p. m. CDT on 09/28)
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time.
Sky Roundup for August
Astronomical highlights for the month of August 2019
For Now, Skies Clear
The latter part of last month leveled off from excessive heat and drenching rains, allowing both moderated weather and clear nights to observe. While high heat and stormy weather are not unusual during Summer in the great Midwest, a break from both are certainly welcome for observers eager to scan the skies with telescopes and binoculars.
Like last month, from the start of this month until its end, usually brilliant Venus stays fairly lost in the glare of the Sun. Though rising ahead of the Sun at the start of the month, it sets just after the Sun by month's end. By contrast, bright Jupiter in Ophiuchus (the Serpent Handler) and pale Saturn in Sagittarius (the Archer) remain in the sky most of the night; that is, on a clear night both are visible, when facing due south, by 10:00 p. m. (See the first chart, below, for this month.)
Like last month, from the start of this month until its end, usually brilliant Venus stays fairly lost in the glare of the Sun. Though rising ahead of the Sun at the start of the month, it sets just after the Sun by month's end. By contrast, bright Jupiter in Ophiuchus (the Serpent Handler) and pale Saturn in Sagittarius (the Archer) remain in the sky most of the night; that is, on a clear night both are visible, when facing due south, by 10:00 p. m. (See the first chart, below, for this month.)
During August, orangey Mars stays lost in the glare of the Sun while pinkish Mercury in Cancer (the Crab) has moved to the morning sky and rises ahead of the Sun by mid-month. (See the second chart, below, for this month.) From our earthly vantage, Mercury drops back toward the Sun by month's end in Leo (the Lion).
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Of course, every month the Moon has folklore names to describe our nearest celestial neighbor. By the trusty Old Farmer's Almanac, the Moon at full phase in August is called the Full Sturgeon Moon, named for the time during which great numbers of this species of fish might be caught in the Great Lakes. And, owing to the maturing of corn as the Fall harvest approaches, this month's Full Moon is also known as the Full Green Corn Moon.
Another lunar appellation, perhaps less well known, is the Blueberry Moon, which makes for a tasty sight not in the sky but done up right as a homemade pie. |
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Last month this column highlighted several meteor showers for summertime viewing, with follow-up for the better known Perseid shower this month. Just about every month of the year features a meteor shower, though not all come with spectacular displays. That is, the appearance of meteors in any given month depends on the source material (most often the leftover debris of a passing comet), and with how much of which Earth's upper atmosphere may collide.
Most showers are known or named for their radiant; i.e., that apparent part of a constellation out of which meteors appear to emanate. Many showers are also described by their relative brightness, streak-like quickness, and hourly rate. Occasionally, some have noticeable features. That is, a shower may appear faint with fast meteors seen at an estimated low number per hour; by contrast, a shower may be bright with slow meteors seen at a substantial number per hour, and, marked by occasional fireballs with long, smoky trails. Last month's delta Aquariids are an example of the former; this month's Perseids are an example the latter.
Nature's own fireworks tend to be sporadic and unpredictable, and, depending on the shower, one may have to observe for many minutes at a time just to see one meteor. For good observing, most night-sky guides recommend a viewing location far from urban lighting and the coincident lack of the Moon in the night sky, whose pale light can interfere with good meteor viewing. Unfortunately, this year's Perseids share the sky with the Moon nearly at its full phase.
The month of August is often anticipated for its natural fireworks of the Perseid meteor shower. Though the Perseids start off in late July, they ramp up for their peak by mid-August. i.e., by August 12-13. Though the Moon's light may wash out a glimpse of fainter meteors, observing away from city lights from midnight till morning twilight may be best to see the Perseids. (See the third chart, below, for this month, showing the Perseid radiant and how streaks of meteors might appear amid the constellation Perseus by 3:00 a. m.)
Most showers are known or named for their radiant; i.e., that apparent part of a constellation out of which meteors appear to emanate. Many showers are also described by their relative brightness, streak-like quickness, and hourly rate. Occasionally, some have noticeable features. That is, a shower may appear faint with fast meteors seen at an estimated low number per hour; by contrast, a shower may be bright with slow meteors seen at a substantial number per hour, and, marked by occasional fireballs with long, smoky trails. Last month's delta Aquariids are an example of the former; this month's Perseids are an example the latter.
Nature's own fireworks tend to be sporadic and unpredictable, and, depending on the shower, one may have to observe for many minutes at a time just to see one meteor. For good observing, most night-sky guides recommend a viewing location far from urban lighting and the coincident lack of the Moon in the night sky, whose pale light can interfere with good meteor viewing. Unfortunately, this year's Perseids share the sky with the Moon nearly at its full phase.
The month of August is often anticipated for its natural fireworks of the Perseid meteor shower. Though the Perseids start off in late July, they ramp up for their peak by mid-August. i.e., by August 12-13. Though the Moon's light may wash out a glimpse of fainter meteors, observing away from city lights from midnight till morning twilight may be best to see the Perseids. (See the third chart, below, for this month, showing the Perseid radiant and how streaks of meteors might appear amid the constellation Perseus by 3:00 a. m.)
Evidently the better known of monthly meteor showers, one might find a location that may sponsor public nighttime viewing of the Perseids (such as here in the Midwest); more ambitious meteor-chasers can trek to a number of locations across the USA.
Whenever there's a break in the weather, take a break to observe. Summer's not over, nor is the heat; but this month can begin to mark that pleasant weather transition when the stars of Summer give way to the skies of Autumn.
Whenever there's a break in the weather, take a break to observe. Summer's not over, nor is the heat; but this month can begin to mark that pleasant weather transition when the stars of Summer give way to the skies of Autumn.
Sky Roundup Almanac for August 2019
August 01: New Moon at 03:12 UTC (or, 10:12 p. m. CDT on 07/31, aka a so-called Black Moon, by its date).
August 07: First Quarter Moon at 17:31 UTC (or, 12:31 p. m. CDT on 08/07).
August 12: Start of peak of the annual Perseid meteor shower.
August 15: Full Moon at 12:29 UTC (or, 7:29 a. m. CDT on 08/15).
August 23: Last Quarter Moon 14:56 UTC (or 9:56 a. m. CDT on 08/23).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time.
August 07: First Quarter Moon at 17:31 UTC (or, 12:31 p. m. CDT on 08/07).
August 12: Start of peak of the annual Perseid meteor shower.
August 15: Full Moon at 12:29 UTC (or, 7:29 a. m. CDT on 08/15).
August 23: Last Quarter Moon 14:56 UTC (or 9:56 a. m. CDT on 08/23).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time.
Sky Roundup for July
Astronomical highlights for the month of July 2019
Try to Spy the Sky in July
UPDATE: No doubt if you have attended to any astronomical news lately, you will know that this month marks the 50th anniversary of the first manned lunar landing. On July 16, 1969, the USA, under the auspices of the civilian space agency NASA, launched the first successful mission to land men on the Moon.
Several days later, on July 20, 1969, Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin cemented that success when they became the first two humans ever to walk on the lunar surface. The culmination of the "space race", as it was termed then, the Moon landing by the United States transcended mere geopolitical gamesmanship.
That is, by the time of that historic event, the USA had demonstrated the resolve to carry to fruition a singular technological achievement that all peoples of Earth could celebrate. As extolled in the words of the commemorative plaque left on the Moon that historic day, "We came in peace for all mankind."
Several days later, on July 20, 1969, Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin cemented that success when they became the first two humans ever to walk on the lunar surface. The culmination of the "space race", as it was termed then, the Moon landing by the United States transcended mere geopolitical gamesmanship.
That is, by the time of that historic event, the USA had demonstrated the resolve to carry to fruition a singular technological achievement that all peoples of Earth could celebrate. As extolled in the words of the commemorative plaque left on the Moon that historic day, "We came in peace for all mankind."
Thunderstorms tend to erupt on a typical hot, humid day in Summer; so, it's not unusual for a cloudburst in late afternoon or early evening, which can be a good thing. Often we need the rain, for crops mainly; but, not for observing the night sky. And most who reside within a flood plain may not agree how good so much rainfall can be. Certainly, farmers themselves have groused about their inability to till fields to plant seed. Practicing no-till farming may have helped to get in a crop, but soggy fields can lead to other problems.
The ground beneath us for farming may be more important than the sky above us for observing; but, both are still tied to our understanding of nature. Scanning the sky by those tied to the land offered harbingers or hints of weather to come. That is, often it was the sighting of a certain constellation by night or the position of the Sun by day that presaged an oncoming change in seasons, and, as a consequence, an anticipated change in patterns of weather. And, various ways, some very elaborate and presumably sacred, were used by ancient peoples to pinpoint and foretell these seasonal changes.
Today we rely on more detailed methods (which we presume are more accurate than the ancients' ways) in our attempt to forecast weather both fair and foul; but, the extent to which repeated rainfall and overhead cloudiness have persisted through this past Spring and early Summer, our extended spate of rainy weather still seems to be the forecast for the great Midwest that apparently eluded the better known prognosticators (here and here).
While weather prediction still has its inherent uncertainties, the night sky in its celestial finery moves slowly apace, wheeling overhead in solemn procession, unfazed by the clouds that gather above us and the rains that soak the ground beneath us. Let's have a look at what we might see, sans that condensation and precipitation.
Of course, every month the Moon has folklore names to describe our nearest celestial neighbor. By the Old Farmer's Almanac, the Moon at full phase in July is called the Full Buck Moon, named for the time during which antlers are fully growing from the head of each male deer. And, owing to the general storminess and expected rainfall during this part of Summer, July's Full Moon is also known as the Thunder Moon.
From the start of this month until its end, usually brilliant Venus stays fairly lost in the glare of the rising Sun. By contrast, bright Jupiter in Ophiuchus (the Serpent Handler) and pale Saturn in Sagittarius (the Archer) fairly dominate the night sky well beyond sunset; that is, on a clear night both are visible in the southeast sky by 10:00 p. m. (See the first chart, below, for this month.)
The ground beneath us for farming may be more important than the sky above us for observing; but, both are still tied to our understanding of nature. Scanning the sky by those tied to the land offered harbingers or hints of weather to come. That is, often it was the sighting of a certain constellation by night or the position of the Sun by day that presaged an oncoming change in seasons, and, as a consequence, an anticipated change in patterns of weather. And, various ways, some very elaborate and presumably sacred, were used by ancient peoples to pinpoint and foretell these seasonal changes.
Today we rely on more detailed methods (which we presume are more accurate than the ancients' ways) in our attempt to forecast weather both fair and foul; but, the extent to which repeated rainfall and overhead cloudiness have persisted through this past Spring and early Summer, our extended spate of rainy weather still seems to be the forecast for the great Midwest that apparently eluded the better known prognosticators (here and here).
While weather prediction still has its inherent uncertainties, the night sky in its celestial finery moves slowly apace, wheeling overhead in solemn procession, unfazed by the clouds that gather above us and the rains that soak the ground beneath us. Let's have a look at what we might see, sans that condensation and precipitation.
Of course, every month the Moon has folklore names to describe our nearest celestial neighbor. By the Old Farmer's Almanac, the Moon at full phase in July is called the Full Buck Moon, named for the time during which antlers are fully growing from the head of each male deer. And, owing to the general storminess and expected rainfall during this part of Summer, July's Full Moon is also known as the Thunder Moon.
From the start of this month until its end, usually brilliant Venus stays fairly lost in the glare of the rising Sun. By contrast, bright Jupiter in Ophiuchus (the Serpent Handler) and pale Saturn in Sagittarius (the Archer) fairly dominate the night sky well beyond sunset; that is, on a clear night both are visible in the southeast sky by 10:00 p. m. (See the first chart, below, for this month.)
All month long, both bright planets wheel across the sky till just before morning twilight; at the beginning of this month, Jupiter sets by about 3:00 a. m., Saturn sets later but before sunrise. Rising earlier every night by about four minutes (owing to Earth's rotation), both planets by month's end will set in the southwest about two hours earlier than at the start of the month; that is, in the wee hours after midnight.
Both orangey Mars and pinkish Mercury in Cancer (the Crab) are tough to spot in evening twilight, close as they appear to the setting Sun from our earthly vantage at the start of the month. Mercury drops from view entirely by mid-month, and, re-emerges in the morning sky in Gemini (the Twins) by month's end, but still stays in the vicinity of the Sun. Mars stays invisible in the glare of the Sun. But it does move to the next constellation eastward (owing to Earth's revolution, as all superior planets, or those planets beyond Earth's orbit generally do), and crosses into Leo (the Lion) by month's end.
One more celestial note this month. With all the rain showers we observers have slogged through this past Spring, one might not welcome more showers now that it's Summer. But note that with the expected storminess of July (even reinforced by the lunar appellation of the Thunder Moon), summertime's clear nights may be just the times when we can welcome more showers, namely, meteor showers.
In July, there are three candidate showers to seek out when the clouds aren't out. The alpha Capricornids are already active, while the Southern delta Aquariids and Perseids get underway by mid-month. Both the Capricornids and Aquariids peak on or about July 29-30. And with the Moon waning in the pre-dawn sky by that time, both showers may offer more meteors to see and generally after midnight. (See second chart for this month, below, to note the radiant for both showers at midnight on their peak nights.) More next month will be presented about the peak of the Perseids, the best known of all the showers.
Both orangey Mars and pinkish Mercury in Cancer (the Crab) are tough to spot in evening twilight, close as they appear to the setting Sun from our earthly vantage at the start of the month. Mercury drops from view entirely by mid-month, and, re-emerges in the morning sky in Gemini (the Twins) by month's end, but still stays in the vicinity of the Sun. Mars stays invisible in the glare of the Sun. But it does move to the next constellation eastward (owing to Earth's revolution, as all superior planets, or those planets beyond Earth's orbit generally do), and crosses into Leo (the Lion) by month's end.
One more celestial note this month. With all the rain showers we observers have slogged through this past Spring, one might not welcome more showers now that it's Summer. But note that with the expected storminess of July (even reinforced by the lunar appellation of the Thunder Moon), summertime's clear nights may be just the times when we can welcome more showers, namely, meteor showers.
In July, there are three candidate showers to seek out when the clouds aren't out. The alpha Capricornids are already active, while the Southern delta Aquariids and Perseids get underway by mid-month. Both the Capricornids and Aquariids peak on or about July 29-30. And with the Moon waning in the pre-dawn sky by that time, both showers may offer more meteors to see and generally after midnight. (See second chart for this month, below, to note the radiant for both showers at midnight on their peak nights.) More next month will be presented about the peak of the Perseids, the best known of all the showers.
As we celebrate with fireworks fanfare and patriotic parades our country's continuing independence and freedom as a sovereign nation, let's see if we can stay independent of the clouds that gather on our horizon and free of the rain that tries to fall on our parade. And, when it comes to observing, just do as the title reads: try to spy the sky in July.
Sky Roundup Almanac for July 2019
July 02: New Moon at 19:16 UTC (or, 2:16 p. m. CDT on 07/02).
July 09: First Quarter Moon at 10:55 UTC (or, 5:55 a. m. CDT on 07/09).
July 16: Full Moon at 21:38 UTC (or, 4:38 p. m. CDT on 07/16).
July 25: Last Quarter Moon 01:18 UTC (or 8:18 p. m. CDT on 07/24).
July 30: Peak of meteor showers, alpha Capricornids and Southern delta Aquariids.
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time.
July 09: First Quarter Moon at 10:55 UTC (or, 5:55 a. m. CDT on 07/09).
July 16: Full Moon at 21:38 UTC (or, 4:38 p. m. CDT on 07/16).
July 25: Last Quarter Moon 01:18 UTC (or 8:18 p. m. CDT on 07/24).
July 30: Peak of meteor showers, alpha Capricornids and Southern delta Aquariids.
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time.
Sky Roundup for June
Astronomical highlights for the month of June 2019
June Done Too Soon
Following the weather pattern of recent Spring months, the month of June proves nearly every bit as wet as March (which had flooding), April (which had snow), and May (which had rain); consequently, not many a night has shown itself clear of clouds to see the night sky. Not an excuse for the late post this month, but this column has not seen so few springtime nights of so little celestial action.
Now with the month nearly gone and no good report of observations to show for the nightly cloudiness, this column might seemed to have given up on its own report of what to see. No, not true; there were other things afoot, and, the relentless cloudiness seem to give cover for no celestial reportage. No excuse here, but apologies all around for no parade of planets this month.
Rather, our nearest celestial neighbor, the Moon, always deserves a look, and, it's about the only heavenly subject that's been nominally visible this month, aside from the underside of stratus clouds. Though always a fascinating study as it wends its monthly way through its predictable phases, the Moon's play of light and shadow across its stark surface still captivates and awes.
Now with the month nearly gone and no good report of observations to show for the nightly cloudiness, this column might seemed to have given up on its own report of what to see. No, not true; there were other things afoot, and, the relentless cloudiness seem to give cover for no celestial reportage. No excuse here, but apologies all around for no parade of planets this month.
Rather, our nearest celestial neighbor, the Moon, always deserves a look, and, it's about the only heavenly subject that's been nominally visible this month, aside from the underside of stratus clouds. Though always a fascinating study as it wends its monthly way through its predictable phases, the Moon's play of light and shadow across its stark surface still captivates and awes.
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As always every month, the Moon has folklore names to describe our nearest celestial neighbor. By the Old Farmer's Almanac, the Moon at its full phase in June is called the Full Strawberry Moon, named for the first fruits of late Spring, so named by native peoples; around the Mediterranean Sea, it's the Rose Moon.
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By the way, along with other seasonal edibles, rhubarb is often cut at this time, from April to September. Though its harvesting has nothing to do with the Moon (or even astronomy), ruby-red ripe stems of rhubarb, thoroughly cleaned and neatly cut, combined with a basket of juicy, red strawberries, freshly picked in this month of the Full Strawberry Moon, by a vintage recipe, makes for a tasty pie! A treat for Moon observers!
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One other edible item that may be linked to looking at the Moon comes also in the shape of a pie. Though little again to do with the night sky or astronomy, that look and shape of the Moon can make, as the song says, "the world seem to shine like you've had too much wine". That is, if this month's Rose Moon looks a bit big, bold, and spicy, there may be starkly more in play than just light and shadow, and, much more below its surface.
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More to the point, the Moon in June is worth a look, up close with a good 'scope or as a casual gaze with a steady binocular. If the clouds have parted, zoom in on our nearest neighbor and let the Moon hit your eye. See what you can between the clouds and rain; and, if you can't observe at all, enjoy a big slice of pie.
Sky Roundup Almanac for June 2019
June 03: New Moon at 10:02 UTC (or, 5:02 a. m. CDT on 06/03).
June 10: First Quarter Moon at 05:59 UTC (or, 12:59 a. m. CDT on 06/09).
June 17: Full Moon at 08:31 UTC (or, 3:31 a. m. CDT on 06/17).
June 21: Summer Solstice at 15:54 UTC (or, 10:54 a. m. CDT), the first day of Summer!
June 25: Last Quarter Moon 9:46 UTC (or 4:46 a. m. CDT on 06/25).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time.
June 10: First Quarter Moon at 05:59 UTC (or, 12:59 a. m. CDT on 06/09).
June 17: Full Moon at 08:31 UTC (or, 3:31 a. m. CDT on 06/17).
June 21: Summer Solstice at 15:54 UTC (or, 10:54 a. m. CDT), the first day of Summer!
June 25: Last Quarter Moon 9:46 UTC (or 4:46 a. m. CDT on 06/25).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time.
Sky Roundup for May
Astronomical highlights for the month of May 2019
May Dew Well
The month of April seemed less rainy than usual for those who dwell amid the broad moraines and along the river valleys of the great Midwest. But recall that last month brought us spring snows, which aren't unusual, but still uncommon.
Where the earlier month of March gave us soaking and flooding, too, now the start of May has attempted to make up for lack of actual rainfall from last month in April. Daytime clouds and overnight rains surely can make lawns lush, but leave a look of heavy dew by morning. All of which is usually fine, to soak the moraines and flood the valleys. But so well soaked and flooded they are, the landscape awash in overly ample water makes for delays in May for planting corn.
If you've only used 'scope or bino so far to spy flora and fauna because rain clouds hid the heavens, then let's see what may be visible when the rain stops.
From the start of this month until its end, most of the brighter planets, namely, brilliant Venus, bright Jupiter, and pale Saturn grace the pre-dawn sky of May. Venus (in Pisces, the Fishes), rises just ahead of the Sun while Saturn (in Sagittarius, the Archer), and Jupiter (in Ophiuchus, the Serpent-Handler), span the southern sky toward the western horizon.
Mercury, part of the planetary parade last month, has dropped from view in morning twilight, but emerges into evening twilight (in Taurus, the Bull) later in the month, though is still lost in the Sun's glare at sunset.
Orangey Mars (now also in Taurus, the Bull) continues to pass eastward, after it eased out of Aries (the Ram) last month. By mid-month, this small world, nicknamed the Red Planet, moves into Gemini (the Twins) but remains low in the west after sundown through the month's end.
As always every month, the Moon has folklore names to describe our nearest celestial neighbor. By the Old Farmer's Almanac, the Moon at full phase in May is called the Full Flower Moon, named for the springtime blooms that graces the moraines and river valleys of the great Midwest. Our nearest celestial neighbor has also been called the Full Corn Planting Moon by native peoples, and the Full Milk Moon, both a colonial and English appellation.
Across the landscape, the month of May blooms and greens anew throughout the season of Spring. As rain clouds part, we can do our part to get out under the night sky and savor its celestial sights.
Where the earlier month of March gave us soaking and flooding, too, now the start of May has attempted to make up for lack of actual rainfall from last month in April. Daytime clouds and overnight rains surely can make lawns lush, but leave a look of heavy dew by morning. All of which is usually fine, to soak the moraines and flood the valleys. But so well soaked and flooded they are, the landscape awash in overly ample water makes for delays in May for planting corn.
If you've only used 'scope or bino so far to spy flora and fauna because rain clouds hid the heavens, then let's see what may be visible when the rain stops.
From the start of this month until its end, most of the brighter planets, namely, brilliant Venus, bright Jupiter, and pale Saturn grace the pre-dawn sky of May. Venus (in Pisces, the Fishes), rises just ahead of the Sun while Saturn (in Sagittarius, the Archer), and Jupiter (in Ophiuchus, the Serpent-Handler), span the southern sky toward the western horizon.
Mercury, part of the planetary parade last month, has dropped from view in morning twilight, but emerges into evening twilight (in Taurus, the Bull) later in the month, though is still lost in the Sun's glare at sunset.
Orangey Mars (now also in Taurus, the Bull) continues to pass eastward, after it eased out of Aries (the Ram) last month. By mid-month, this small world, nicknamed the Red Planet, moves into Gemini (the Twins) but remains low in the west after sundown through the month's end.
As always every month, the Moon has folklore names to describe our nearest celestial neighbor. By the Old Farmer's Almanac, the Moon at full phase in May is called the Full Flower Moon, named for the springtime blooms that graces the moraines and river valleys of the great Midwest. Our nearest celestial neighbor has also been called the Full Corn Planting Moon by native peoples, and the Full Milk Moon, both a colonial and English appellation.
Across the landscape, the month of May blooms and greens anew throughout the season of Spring. As rain clouds part, we can do our part to get out under the night sky and savor its celestial sights.
Sky Roundup Almanac for May 2019
May 04: New Moon at 22:45 UTC (or, 5:45 p. m. CDT on 05/04).
May 12: First Quarter Moon at 01:12 UTC (or, 8:12 p. m. CDT on 05/11).
May 18: Full Moon at 21:11 UTC (or, 4:11 p. m. CDT on 05/18).
May 26: Last Quarter Moon 16:34 UTC (or 11:34 a. m. CDT on 05/26).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time.
May 12: First Quarter Moon at 01:12 UTC (or, 8:12 p. m. CDT on 05/11).
May 18: Full Moon at 21:11 UTC (or, 4:11 p. m. CDT on 05/18).
May 26: Last Quarter Moon 16:34 UTC (or 11:34 a. m. CDT on 05/26).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time.
Sky Roundup for April
Astronomical highlights for the month of April 2019
No Rain Stops This Parade
These last couple months have allowed us early observers to rise before dawn, face the east's morning twilight, and witness a familiar parade of the brighter planets and the waning Moon marching up from the horizon. Brilliant Venus, bright Jupiter, and pale Saturn have been the usual parade-goers, taking turns leading the progression in the eastern sky before sunup; now tiny, hot Mercury joins in this month. (See first chart, below, for this month.)
It's a grand show to behold in a clear, pre-dawn sky, as long as April showers don't wash out the view. Of course, the parade of planets goes along, no matter the weather on Earth. Clustered as they are along the ecliptic, that path the parade takes as seen from our earthly vantage, the planets offer fine views for binocular or telescope.
Mercury and Venus in Aquarius (the Water-Bearer), Saturn in Sagittarius (the Archer), and Jupiter in Ophiuchus (the Serpent-Handler) start the month, and remain throughout, as splendid targets in pre-dawn twilight, for fairly easy viewing with a good optical instrument of modest magnification.
Orangey Mars passes eastward, eased out of Aries (the Ram) by the beginning of the month, and travels through Taurus (the Bull) for the rest of the month. By month's end at around 8 p. m., it's spotted low in the west after sundown, receding toward the horizon, along with the Winter constellations of Orion (the Hunter) and Gemini (the Twins). (See second chart, below, for this month.)
Mercury and Venus in Aquarius (the Water-Bearer), Saturn in Sagittarius (the Archer), and Jupiter in Ophiuchus (the Serpent-Handler) start the month, and remain throughout, as splendid targets in pre-dawn twilight, for fairly easy viewing with a good optical instrument of modest magnification.
Orangey Mars passes eastward, eased out of Aries (the Ram) by the beginning of the month, and travels through Taurus (the Bull) for the rest of the month. By month's end at around 8 p. m., it's spotted low in the west after sundown, receding toward the horizon, along with the Winter constellations of Orion (the Hunter) and Gemini (the Twins). (See second chart, below, for this month.)
As always every month, the Moon, as known to early peoples of North America, has folklore names to describe our nearest celestial neighbor. By the Old Farmer's Almanac, the Moon at full phase in April is called the Full Pink Moon, named for the springtime parades of flowering moss pink, aka wild ground phlox. Due to the return of seasonal greenery and the arrival of springtime hatchlings, our nearest celestial neighbor has also been called the Full Sprouting Grass Moon, the Full Egg Moon, and the Full Fish Moon.
Throughout April, rains come, grounds green, buds sprout, animals arouse. Unbowed by the vagaries of weather or acts of man, an earthly parade reawakens to a cycle of renewal and the natural order of things. Just as last month revealed the onward march of celestial wonders, this month brings forth the wonderful parade of life.
Throughout April, rains come, grounds green, buds sprout, animals arouse. Unbowed by the vagaries of weather or acts of man, an earthly parade reawakens to a cycle of renewal and the natural order of things. Just as last month revealed the onward march of celestial wonders, this month brings forth the wonderful parade of life.
Sky Roundup Almanac for April 2019
April 05: New Moon at 08:50 UTC (or, 3:50 a. m. CDT on 04/05).
April 12: First Quarter Moon at 19:06 UTC (or, 2:06 p. m. CDT on 04/12).
April 19: Full Moon at 11:12 UTC (or, 6:12 a. m. CDT on 04/19).
April 26: Last Quarter Moon 22:18 UTC (or 5:18 p. m. CDT on 04/26).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time.
April 12: First Quarter Moon at 19:06 UTC (or, 2:06 p. m. CDT on 04/12).
April 19: Full Moon at 11:12 UTC (or, 6:12 a. m. CDT on 04/19).
April 26: Last Quarter Moon 22:18 UTC (or 5:18 p. m. CDT on 04/26).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Daylight Time.
Sky Roundup for March
Astronomical highlights for the month of March 2019
March On
To follow the lore of weather, this is the month for departing snows and budding trees. To lessen the cost of lighting, we leap into daylight with clocks set ahead. To welcome a new season of observing, we bid adieu to chilly nights and winter stars. By the modern astronomical calendar, Spring arrives this month in the Northern Hemisphere.
We may like to think we have it all thought out and neatly arranged, like clockwork, in our mind; we know what to expect, or so we think. But nature will have its say, no matter the mental meanderings of mortals.
Let's see what the night sky has up and coming, in its unhurried march of celestial wonders.
In a clear, pre-dawn sky, just like last month, rising ahead of the Sun at the start of March, several planets line up with the waning crescent Moon, namely, pale Saturn and brilliant Venus in Sagittarius (the Scorpion) and bright-white Jupiter in Ophiuchus (the Serpent Handler), all angling up from the southeastern horizon. (See first chart, below, for this month.)
We may like to think we have it all thought out and neatly arranged, like clockwork, in our mind; we know what to expect, or so we think. But nature will have its say, no matter the mental meanderings of mortals.
Let's see what the night sky has up and coming, in its unhurried march of celestial wonders.
In a clear, pre-dawn sky, just like last month, rising ahead of the Sun at the start of March, several planets line up with the waning crescent Moon, namely, pale Saturn and brilliant Venus in Sagittarius (the Scorpion) and bright-white Jupiter in Ophiuchus (the Serpent Handler), all angling up from the southeastern horizon. (See first chart, below, for this month.)
Orangey Mars eastward moves out of Pisces (the Fishes) by the start of the month, moves into Aries (the Ram) by mid-month, and then moves into Taurus (the Bull) by month's end. It's best seen in the evening sky all month long, toward the west-northwest all month long after sunset, setting well before midnight. (See series of small charts, below, for 9 p. m. this month, showing Mars's move eastward from month's start, at top; through mid-month, in middle; to month's end, at bottom.)
As always every month, the Moon, as known to early peoples of North America, has folklore names to describe our nearest celestial neighbor. According the Old Farmer's Almanac, the Moon at full phase in March is called the Full Worm Moon, as departing snows let worms work to soften the ground from winter's chill, and, serve to feed hungry robins migrating for food. It was also known as the Sap Moon, a time when maple sap begins to rise within the budding trees.
With the month of March, time moves ahead; so, we welcome the start of longer days and the chance of less chilly nights, and, with that prospect, the onward march of celestial wonders.
With the month of March, time moves ahead; so, we welcome the start of longer days and the chance of less chilly nights, and, with that prospect, the onward march of celestial wonders.
Sky Roundup Almanac for March 2019
March 06: New Moon at 16:04 UTC (or, 10:04 a. m. CST on 03/06).
March 10: Daylight Saving Time begins 2:00 a. m. Set clocks and watches ahead one hour!
March 14: First Quarter Moon at 10:27 UTC (or, 5:27 a. m. CDT on 03/14).
March 20: Vernal Equinox, Spring season begins at 21:58 UTC (or, 4:58 CDT on 3/20).
March 21: Full Moon at 01:43 UTC (or, 8:43 p. m. CDT on 03/20); Supermoon!
March 28: Last Quarter Moon 04:10 UTC (or 11:10 p. m. CDT on 03/27).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to both Central Standard Time and to Central Daylight Time.
March 10: Daylight Saving Time begins 2:00 a. m. Set clocks and watches ahead one hour!
March 14: First Quarter Moon at 10:27 UTC (or, 5:27 a. m. CDT on 03/14).
March 20: Vernal Equinox, Spring season begins at 21:58 UTC (or, 4:58 CDT on 3/20).
March 21: Full Moon at 01:43 UTC (or, 8:43 p. m. CDT on 03/20); Supermoon!
March 28: Last Quarter Moon 04:10 UTC (or 11:10 p. m. CDT on 03/27).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to both Central Standard Time and to Central Daylight Time.
Sky Roundup for February
Astronomical highlights for the month of February 2019
Short on Days
With a short month comes a short entry in this month's Sky Roundup. This month brings several grand night-sky views, provided clouds and inclement weather do not spoil the celestial show. February can often be short on days to observe at night. Weather permitting, here are highlights of what to expect this month.
In a clear, pre-dawn sky, rising ahead of the Sun at the start of February, several planets line up with the waning crescent Moon, namely, pale Saturn and brilliant Venus in Sagittarius (the Scorpion) and bright-white Jupiter in Ophiuchus (the Serpent Handler), all angling up from the southeastern horizon. (See first chart, below, for this month.)
In a clear, pre-dawn sky, rising ahead of the Sun at the start of February, several planets line up with the waning crescent Moon, namely, pale Saturn and brilliant Venus in Sagittarius (the Scorpion) and bright-white Jupiter in Ophiuchus (the Serpent Handler), all angling up from the southeastern horizon. (See first chart, below, for this month.)
By mid-month, both Venus and Saturn draw closer together, as seen from our earthly vantage, and, are in conjunction, which ought to make for a pleasing sight in a binocular or small telescope. (See second chart, below, for this month.)
By month's end, the waning Moon joins in the line-up once again, as Venus and Saturn have swapped places whence they were four weeks earlier. (See third chart, below, for this month.)
Orangey Mars, still in Pisces (the Fishes), remains in the evening sky toward the west-southwest throughout the month just after sunset. (See fourth chart, below, for this month.)
As always every month, the Moon, as known to early peoples of North America, has folklore names to describe some outdoor aspect of the season. According the Old Farmer's Almanac, the Moon at full phase in February is called the Full Snow Moon, due to deep snows that could blanket the upper Midwest at this wintry time of year. It was also known as the Hunger Moon, due to the scarcity of food during this harsh season.
While the weather at this time of year can be bone-chilling cold and raw-bitten windy, we may be glad the month runs mercifully short. Still, this month is not short on a few fine displays of our distant, planetary neighbors, to make it worthwhile to brave the biting chill.
While the weather at this time of year can be bone-chilling cold and raw-bitten windy, we may be glad the month runs mercifully short. Still, this month is not short on a few fine displays of our distant, planetary neighbors, to make it worthwhile to brave the biting chill.
Sky Roundup Almanac for February 2019
February 04: New Moon at 21:40 UTC (or, 3:40 p. m. CST on 02/04).
February 12: First Quarter Moon at 22:26 UTC (or, 4:26 p. m. CST on 02/12).
February 19: Full Moon at 15:53 UTC (or, 9:53 a. m. CST on 02/19); Supermoon!
February 26: Last Quarter Moon 11:28 UTC (or 5:28 a. m. CST on 02/26).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
February 12: First Quarter Moon at 22:26 UTC (or, 4:26 p. m. CST on 02/12).
February 19: Full Moon at 15:53 UTC (or, 9:53 a. m. CST on 02/19); Supermoon!
February 26: Last Quarter Moon 11:28 UTC (or 5:28 a. m. CST on 02/26).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for January
Astronomical highlights for the month of January 2019
New All Over Again
Happy New Year!
With the arrival of 2019, observers across the great Midwest are likely to anticipate cold, wind, and snow in their forecast, which suggests not much time for actual observing of the night sky. Owing to the season in the Northern Hemisphere this time of year, the modern calendar would suggest that winter months, and especially January, may not allow too many clear nights to observe. Rather than lament the low clouds and lack of starlight at night, one can always turn their telescopes and binoculars at the natural world around us by day. Amateur astronomers have known this for years.
If you haven't tried it previously, observing nature with a telescope or a binocular makes your astronomical optics new all over again. Of course, with a 'scope, one must correct for the normally inverted image, characteristic of astronomical telescopes. A terrestrial spotting scope (like that atop a gun) already has that correction built in; and, either a land 'scope or a binocular will still require some steadiness, say, from a tripod, to enjoy nature's own show.
Observers versed in the practice of photography already have found real satisfaction in capturing the natural world in images, as art websites can attest. Often from these shots snapped through 'scopes and binos, artists seek to render the natural world in a variety of media (as one in particular can attest).
To the novice, modern cameras and cell phones make digital capture through a binocular or telescope nearly foolproof, even with the capability to edit and enhance on-the-fly. That is, one merely needs to hold one's camera steady to the ocular of a 'scope or a bino, take aim, wait for auto-focus, and happily snap away. This technique of sky imaging is known as afocal astrophotography. And, when the sky does clear, from the standpoint of the amateur astronomer it is no real trouble to aim and shoot at any large or wide object, like the Moon (or even the brighter planets).
As evidence of this, the image of the waxing crescent Moon that appears at the top of every page of this website took no special arrangement in equipment beyond what most amateur astronomers may have already. That is, the image results from a cell phone's camera lens hand-held to the eyepiece of a modest home-built telescope; the resulting image was cropped to fit and uploaded into the space allotted for a masthead logo. So, if the skies remain cloudy all day, use your time this month to polish your skill at composing and taking afocal snapshots.
Still, we must know what happens in the heavens, in the event that the skies clear and the stars shine; so, here are highlights of what to expect this month.
In a clear, pre-dawn sky, brilliant Venus (in Libra, the Scales) rises ahead of the Sun in January, and, opens the year in a neat line-up angling skyward from the southeastern horizon with bright-white Jupiter in Scorpius (the Scorpion) and tiny, hot Mercury (in Ophiuchus, the Serpent-Handler), all trailing our nearest celestial neighbor, the Moon. (See first chart, below, for this month.)
With the arrival of 2019, observers across the great Midwest are likely to anticipate cold, wind, and snow in their forecast, which suggests not much time for actual observing of the night sky. Owing to the season in the Northern Hemisphere this time of year, the modern calendar would suggest that winter months, and especially January, may not allow too many clear nights to observe. Rather than lament the low clouds and lack of starlight at night, one can always turn their telescopes and binoculars at the natural world around us by day. Amateur astronomers have known this for years.
If you haven't tried it previously, observing nature with a telescope or a binocular makes your astronomical optics new all over again. Of course, with a 'scope, one must correct for the normally inverted image, characteristic of astronomical telescopes. A terrestrial spotting scope (like that atop a gun) already has that correction built in; and, either a land 'scope or a binocular will still require some steadiness, say, from a tripod, to enjoy nature's own show.
Observers versed in the practice of photography already have found real satisfaction in capturing the natural world in images, as art websites can attest. Often from these shots snapped through 'scopes and binos, artists seek to render the natural world in a variety of media (as one in particular can attest).
To the novice, modern cameras and cell phones make digital capture through a binocular or telescope nearly foolproof, even with the capability to edit and enhance on-the-fly. That is, one merely needs to hold one's camera steady to the ocular of a 'scope or a bino, take aim, wait for auto-focus, and happily snap away. This technique of sky imaging is known as afocal astrophotography. And, when the sky does clear, from the standpoint of the amateur astronomer it is no real trouble to aim and shoot at any large or wide object, like the Moon (or even the brighter planets).
As evidence of this, the image of the waxing crescent Moon that appears at the top of every page of this website took no special arrangement in equipment beyond what most amateur astronomers may have already. That is, the image results from a cell phone's camera lens hand-held to the eyepiece of a modest home-built telescope; the resulting image was cropped to fit and uploaded into the space allotted for a masthead logo. So, if the skies remain cloudy all day, use your time this month to polish your skill at composing and taking afocal snapshots.
Still, we must know what happens in the heavens, in the event that the skies clear and the stars shine; so, here are highlights of what to expect this month.
In a clear, pre-dawn sky, brilliant Venus (in Libra, the Scales) rises ahead of the Sun in January, and, opens the year in a neat line-up angling skyward from the southeastern horizon with bright-white Jupiter in Scorpius (the Scorpion) and tiny, hot Mercury (in Ophiuchus, the Serpent-Handler), all trailing our nearest celestial neighbor, the Moon. (See first chart, below, for this month.)
By mid-month, both Venus and Jupiter draw closer together, as seen from our earthly vantage; by this time, Mercury is lost in the glare of the Sun. Both bright planets stay fairly close in the pre-dawn sky for the remainder of this month.
In addition to the two brighter planets in morning twilight, a keen apparition appears in the sky, as if seen between these two bright planets. In the pre-dawn sky on January 17th, starting at exactly 6:17 a. m. CST, two Iridium satellites (#58 and #95) appear to converge brightly for nearly a minute; that is, two white specks appear in the vicinity of Jupiter and Venus. Both specks brighten rapidly in less than a half-minute, appear to merge suddenly in a flash of brilliant display, then part, and fade quickly away. (See second chart, below, for this month, which shows the positions of Jupiter and Venus, and, the brilliant, merged flash of two Iridium satellites at 20 seconds after 6:17 a. m. CST.)
In addition to the two brighter planets in morning twilight, a keen apparition appears in the sky, as if seen between these two bright planets. In the pre-dawn sky on January 17th, starting at exactly 6:17 a. m. CST, two Iridium satellites (#58 and #95) appear to converge brightly for nearly a minute; that is, two white specks appear in the vicinity of Jupiter and Venus. Both specks brighten rapidly in less than a half-minute, appear to merge suddenly in a flash of brilliant display, then part, and fade quickly away. (See second chart, below, for this month, which shows the positions of Jupiter and Venus, and, the brilliant, merged flash of two Iridium satellites at 20 seconds after 6:17 a. m. CST.)
By month's end, Jupiter has moved passed Venus; but, Venus and Jupiter are paired again with the waning crescent Moon on the morning of January 31st before sunrise. Joining them to form a slight arc is pale Saturn, hugging the horizon just ahead of the rising Sun. (See third chart, below, for this month.)
Orangey Mars, now in Pisces (the Fishes), remains in the evening sky toward the west-southwest throughout the month just after sunset, but appears to travel the length of that Zodiac constellation by month's end. At the beginning of the month, the Red Planet, within the western side of Pisces, sets by about 10:30 p. m.; by month's end, having traveled eastward nearly the length of that star pattern, Mars still sets by 10:30 p. m. (See the next two charts, below, for comparison, for the positions of Mars at start of month and at end of month.)
The Moon, as known to early peoples of the Americas, has folklore names for every month. According the Old Farmer’s Almanac, the Moon at full phase in January is called the Full Wolf Moon, as wolves on the hunt howled in the night through this wintry time of year. Also known as the Old Moon (or sometimes the Snow Moon, though some tribes apparently reserved that appellation for next month's Full Moon).
One big treat this month, likely new to anyone who has never seen it, is the apparition of a lunar eclipse! Starting just after 8:30 p. m. on January 20th and ending by about 2:00 a. m, the following morning on January 21st, observers across the continents of North America and South America can witness the natural (and completely safe) wonder of a total lunar eclipse.
At its full phase the Moon will pass through the shadow of the Earth, rendering its bright face of the Full Wolf Moon a sanguine hue of bright orange, blood red, or deep crimson. The actual pallor of the Moon's face will depend on a variety of earthly factors, but a clear night will show a sight that nearly half the world can witness with or without optical aid. This is also a great time to try out one's skill at taking afocal shots of the lunar eclipse as Earth's shadow progresses across the face of the Full Moon. If weather keeps the skies clear in your area, don't miss this exquisite celestial sight!
With the herald of the New Year comes all of the anticipation of a new set of celestial wonders to behold and delight. Yes, one can know reliably where the planets will appear on clear nights, and, that phases of the Moon will cycle across the sky as they always have; but, the fun of finding and seeing these wonders for oneself still makes this new year one that will seem new all over again.
One big treat this month, likely new to anyone who has never seen it, is the apparition of a lunar eclipse! Starting just after 8:30 p. m. on January 20th and ending by about 2:00 a. m, the following morning on January 21st, observers across the continents of North America and South America can witness the natural (and completely safe) wonder of a total lunar eclipse.
At its full phase the Moon will pass through the shadow of the Earth, rendering its bright face of the Full Wolf Moon a sanguine hue of bright orange, blood red, or deep crimson. The actual pallor of the Moon's face will depend on a variety of earthly factors, but a clear night will show a sight that nearly half the world can witness with or without optical aid. This is also a great time to try out one's skill at taking afocal shots of the lunar eclipse as Earth's shadow progresses across the face of the Full Moon. If weather keeps the skies clear in your area, don't miss this exquisite celestial sight!
With the herald of the New Year comes all of the anticipation of a new set of celestial wonders to behold and delight. Yes, one can know reliably where the planets will appear on clear nights, and, that phases of the Moon will cycle across the sky as they always have; but, the fun of finding and seeing these wonders for oneself still makes this new year one that will seem new all over again.
Sky Roundup Almanac for January 2019
January 06: New Moon at 01:29 UTC (or, 7:29 p. m. CST on 01/05).
January 14: First Quarter Moon at 06:46 UTC (or, 12:46 a. m. CST on 01/14).
January 20: Start of total lunar eclipse! Starts, 8:36 p. m., 01/20; ends, 1:48 a. m., 01/21. (See this link.)
January 21: Full Moon at 05:17 UTC (or, 11:17 p. m. CST on 01/20).
January 27: Last Quarter Moon 21:12 UTC (or 3:12 p. m. CST on 01/27).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
January 14: First Quarter Moon at 06:46 UTC (or, 12:46 a. m. CST on 01/14).
January 20: Start of total lunar eclipse! Starts, 8:36 p. m., 01/20; ends, 1:48 a. m., 01/21. (See this link.)
January 21: Full Moon at 05:17 UTC (or, 11:17 p. m. CST on 01/20).
January 27: Last Quarter Moon 21:12 UTC (or 3:12 p. m. CST on 01/27).
All almanac events, listed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are set to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for December
Astronomical highlights for the month of December 2018
The Night Before Christmas
Since 2009, Roy Kaelin’s installment of Sky Roundup for December has started with his parody of "A Visit of St. Nicholas" and that little tradition continues this year. With apologies to Clement Clark Moore
'Twas the night before Christmas,
When all through his house
A stargazer was stirring, clicking his mouse;
His mounting set up in the backyard with care,
In hopes that clearing skies soon would be there.
He could’ve been nestled all snug in his bed,
But visions of nebulae danced in his head;
And grabbing a kerchief to dust a lens from its cap,
He caffeined his brain to shun a long winter’s nap--
When out on the lawn there arose such a clatter,
He sprang from his chair to see what was the matter:
Away to his set-up he flew like a flash,
Hoping his ‘scope didn’t loosen and crash.
The moon, on the breast of new-fallen snow,
Gave a luster of mid-day to objects, ya’ know:
When, what to his wandering eyes should appear,
But a case full of eyepieces amid his old gear;
Fellow geeks always bought these, so lively and quick,
He knew in a moment they’d all be heartsick.
More lenses he now owned and savored his claim,
And he whistled, and shouted, and called them by name--
“Now, Brandon! now, Nagler! now, Ethos! and Vixen!
No coma! Flat fields! Star parties I’m blitzin’;
To the top of each planet, to the top of Straight Wall,
I’ll dash to see nebulae, faraway all!”
He gathered his new gear, so pleased he might cry,
And carried all to his ‘scope, its mount to the sky,
So, up past his house-top his ‘scope aimed anew,
A case full of lenses—and such neat stuff too.
With stars all a-twinkling from heat off the roof,
The night sky unveiled its warp and its woof;
As he drew up a chair, and was turning around,
Down next to his ‘scope the ‘gazer came with a bound.
His parka lined in fur
From his head to his foot,
And his clothes came all furnished
With pockets to boot:
This new bunch of toys
He now kept near his back,
And he thrilled like a youngster
As he opened his pack;
His eyes how they twinkled!
Each eyepiece how merry--
Were just what he wanted,
Whence they came he was wary;
Ev’ry ocular gleamed
Each drawn up with a bow,
Who could’ve left them and
Left no tracks in the snow?
He thought for a bit
Of this season of year,
And thought it unlikely he’d
Earned such good cheer.
Still he was thankful
And humbled quite by it;
He vowed to do better
And stay on a diet.
He was chubby and plump--
His right jolly old self;
From too much late snacking
In spite of himself.
A wink of his eye,
And a twist of his head,
Soon gave him to know
Where each eyepiece might thread.
He spoke not a word,
But went straight to his work,
And logged all his sightings:
Then turned with a jerk,
And laying his pencil
Aside of his prose,
And giving a nod,
To his warm room he rose.
He sprang to its desk,
Jotted notes in a whistle,
And away he then flew
To look through a Plössl:
But all heard him exclaim
Ere he gazed in the night,
“Merry Christmas to all,
And to all A Clear Night.”
'Twas the night before Christmas,
When all through his house
A stargazer was stirring, clicking his mouse;
His mounting set up in the backyard with care,
In hopes that clearing skies soon would be there.
He could’ve been nestled all snug in his bed,
But visions of nebulae danced in his head;
And grabbing a kerchief to dust a lens from its cap,
He caffeined his brain to shun a long winter’s nap--
When out on the lawn there arose such a clatter,
He sprang from his chair to see what was the matter:
Away to his set-up he flew like a flash,
Hoping his ‘scope didn’t loosen and crash.
The moon, on the breast of new-fallen snow,
Gave a luster of mid-day to objects, ya’ know:
When, what to his wandering eyes should appear,
But a case full of eyepieces amid his old gear;
Fellow geeks always bought these, so lively and quick,
He knew in a moment they’d all be heartsick.
More lenses he now owned and savored his claim,
And he whistled, and shouted, and called them by name--
“Now, Brandon! now, Nagler! now, Ethos! and Vixen!
No coma! Flat fields! Star parties I’m blitzin’;
To the top of each planet, to the top of Straight Wall,
I’ll dash to see nebulae, faraway all!”
He gathered his new gear, so pleased he might cry,
And carried all to his ‘scope, its mount to the sky,
So, up past his house-top his ‘scope aimed anew,
A case full of lenses—and such neat stuff too.
With stars all a-twinkling from heat off the roof,
The night sky unveiled its warp and its woof;
As he drew up a chair, and was turning around,
Down next to his ‘scope the ‘gazer came with a bound.
His parka lined in fur
From his head to his foot,
And his clothes came all furnished
With pockets to boot:
This new bunch of toys
He now kept near his back,
And he thrilled like a youngster
As he opened his pack;
His eyes how they twinkled!
Each eyepiece how merry--
Were just what he wanted,
Whence they came he was wary;
Ev’ry ocular gleamed
Each drawn up with a bow,
Who could’ve left them and
Left no tracks in the snow?
He thought for a bit
Of this season of year,
And thought it unlikely he’d
Earned such good cheer.
Still he was thankful
And humbled quite by it;
He vowed to do better
And stay on a diet.
He was chubby and plump--
His right jolly old self;
From too much late snacking
In spite of himself.
A wink of his eye,
And a twist of his head,
Soon gave him to know
Where each eyepiece might thread.
He spoke not a word,
But went straight to his work,
And logged all his sightings:
Then turned with a jerk,
And laying his pencil
Aside of his prose,
And giving a nod,
To his warm room he rose.
He sprang to its desk,
Jotted notes in a whistle,
And away he then flew
To look through a Plössl:
But all heard him exclaim
Ere he gazed in the night,
“Merry Christmas to all,
And to all A Clear Night.”
Sky Roundup Almanac for December 2018
December 07: New Moon at 19:20 UTC (or, 1:20 a. m. CST on 12/08)
December 14: First Quarter Moon at 23:49 UTC (or, 5:49 a. m. CST on 12/15)
December 21: Winter Solstice, start of Winter, at 22:23 UTC (or 4:23 p. m. CST on 12/21)
December 22: Full Moon at 05:50 UTC (or, 11:50 a. m. CST on 12/22)
December 28: Last Quarter Moon 21:36 UTC (or 3:36 a. m. CST on 12/29)
All almanac events, expressed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are corrected here to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
December 14: First Quarter Moon at 23:49 UTC (or, 5:49 a. m. CST on 12/15)
December 21: Winter Solstice, start of Winter, at 22:23 UTC (or 4:23 p. m. CST on 12/21)
December 22: Full Moon at 05:50 UTC (or, 11:50 a. m. CST on 12/22)
December 28: Last Quarter Moon 21:36 UTC (or 3:36 a. m. CST on 12/29)
All almanac events, expressed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are corrected here to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for November
Astronomical highlights for the month of November 2018
Blue November
This month typically sees a sharp drop in evening temperatures for those observers willing to brave the cold. The crisp chill of Fall nights during last month begins to seep in deeper this month, and, one may not want to have the telescope set up for too long unless armed with a hot drink and warm clothes.
After nightfall, one never wants to stay out in cold night air long enough to turn blue, but let's see what observers can warm to among this month's celestial sights.
Brilliant Venus (in Virgo, the Maiden) rises ahead of the Sun in November. By mid-month, the hot, cloudy planet will be seen to dominate in a clear sky amid the pale blue of morning twilight.
Bright-white Jupiter in Libra (the Scales) now sets with the Sun and is lost in its glare for the remainder of the month. Those observers who are aficionados of the Solar System's largest planet may feel a bit blue while the kingly world remains obscured from our earthly vantage.
Like Jupiter in recent months, pale Saturn in Sagittarius (the Archer) heads toward the western horizon at sunset; by month's end in a clear sky, it sets with the Sun amid the deepening blue of evening twilight.
Orangey Mars, now in Aquarius (the Water-Bearer), remains in the evening sky toward the south till dawn, but is fading from its former bright opposition this past Summer. Look while you can, as avid observers of the Red Planet will be blue, too, until the next Mars opposition in October 2020, about two years hence.
Tiny, hot Mercury, just within neighboring Scorpius (the Scorpion) and barely visible in evening twilight, pairs with mighty Jupiter in the west after sunset, but, like the largest planet, the smallest planet is difficult to spot as it is also lost in the setting Sun's glare.
The Moon, as known to native peoples, has folklore names for every month. According the Old Farmer’s Almanac, the Moon at full phase in November (which occurs on Thanksgiving Day this year) is called the Full Beaver Moon, as many woodland creatures, like beavers, are busily provisioning against the icy blue winds of oncoming Winter. Though last month the Moon was noted for its reddish appearance on rising, this month, the Frosty Moon of November may almost appear tinged bluish, seen through high, thin clouds racing across its bright face on chilly, windy nights.
As we make the transition from the bright, halcyon days of Summer to the long, blue shadows of Winter, we have this seasonal respite known as Autumn, which delivers a landscape palette of redgold hues to enjoy; but, it also prods us seriously to consider preparing for the season ahead.
Though this month may seem dour and chilly, with its frequent gray days and cloudy nights, it is no time to feel blue. For we have a holiday of thanks embedded in this month, on which to acknowledge and appreciate all that we have, and, for all to which we seek to aspire. And that should give us a warm, sanguine feeling.
After nightfall, one never wants to stay out in cold night air long enough to turn blue, but let's see what observers can warm to among this month's celestial sights.
Brilliant Venus (in Virgo, the Maiden) rises ahead of the Sun in November. By mid-month, the hot, cloudy planet will be seen to dominate in a clear sky amid the pale blue of morning twilight.
Bright-white Jupiter in Libra (the Scales) now sets with the Sun and is lost in its glare for the remainder of the month. Those observers who are aficionados of the Solar System's largest planet may feel a bit blue while the kingly world remains obscured from our earthly vantage.
Like Jupiter in recent months, pale Saturn in Sagittarius (the Archer) heads toward the western horizon at sunset; by month's end in a clear sky, it sets with the Sun amid the deepening blue of evening twilight.
Orangey Mars, now in Aquarius (the Water-Bearer), remains in the evening sky toward the south till dawn, but is fading from its former bright opposition this past Summer. Look while you can, as avid observers of the Red Planet will be blue, too, until the next Mars opposition in October 2020, about two years hence.
Tiny, hot Mercury, just within neighboring Scorpius (the Scorpion) and barely visible in evening twilight, pairs with mighty Jupiter in the west after sunset, but, like the largest planet, the smallest planet is difficult to spot as it is also lost in the setting Sun's glare.
The Moon, as known to native peoples, has folklore names for every month. According the Old Farmer’s Almanac, the Moon at full phase in November (which occurs on Thanksgiving Day this year) is called the Full Beaver Moon, as many woodland creatures, like beavers, are busily provisioning against the icy blue winds of oncoming Winter. Though last month the Moon was noted for its reddish appearance on rising, this month, the Frosty Moon of November may almost appear tinged bluish, seen through high, thin clouds racing across its bright face on chilly, windy nights.
As we make the transition from the bright, halcyon days of Summer to the long, blue shadows of Winter, we have this seasonal respite known as Autumn, which delivers a landscape palette of redgold hues to enjoy; but, it also prods us seriously to consider preparing for the season ahead.
Though this month may seem dour and chilly, with its frequent gray days and cloudy nights, it is no time to feel blue. For we have a holiday of thanks embedded in this month, on which to acknowledge and appreciate all that we have, and, for all to which we seek to aspire. And that should give us a warm, sanguine feeling.
Sky Roundup Almanac for November 2018
November 04: Daylight Saving Time ends, 2:00 a. m. locally. Set clocks back one hour.
November 07: New Moon at 16:02 UTC (or, 10:02 a. m. CST on 11/07)
November 15: First Quarter Moon at 14:54 UTC (or, 8:54 a. m. CST on 11/15)
November 23: Full Moon at 05:39 UTC (or, 11:39 p. m. CST on 11/22)
November 30: Last Quarter Moon 00:19 UTC (or 6:19 p. m. CST on 11/29)
All almanac events, expressed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are corrected here to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
November 07: New Moon at 16:02 UTC (or, 10:02 a. m. CST on 11/07)
November 15: First Quarter Moon at 14:54 UTC (or, 8:54 a. m. CST on 11/15)
November 23: Full Moon at 05:39 UTC (or, 11:39 p. m. CST on 11/22)
November 30: Last Quarter Moon 00:19 UTC (or 6:19 p. m. CST on 11/29)
All almanac events, expressed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are corrected here to Central Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for October
Astronomical highlights for the month of October 2018
Red October
The title of this late entry for this month is not an oblique allusion to a well-known 1990 spy movie about the hunt for an elusive vessel beneath the sea; rather, it is invitation to observers to look for crimson signs of Autumn in the sky and beneath it.
In the bright sunlight of an October day, leaves of various trees appear to blaze with bright hues of red in a riot of color every Autumn. Varieties of trees such as black cherry, white oak, black oak, sourwood, and winged sumac seem to flame forth in ruddy hues that add brilliant splendor to an arboreal landscape.
Just before nightfall, that clear, crisp Fall day can also end with the burning color of a fiery redgold sunset. For those who've taken to the sea, they know the time-honored rhyme:
"Red sky at night, sailors' delight; red sky in morning, sailors take warning!"
Once night has fallen, a few Fall sights light up the night and delight us this month.
Brilliant Venus (in Virgo, the Maiden) ends its bright reign of the western sky at sunset, as the hot cloudy planet gets lost in the glare of the setting Sun. By month's end, it has crossed into the morning sky to precede sunrise.
As in previous months, bright-white Jupiter in Libra (the Scales) still shines in the southwestern sky, but, like Venus, dips closer to the western horizon in evening twilight and sets before 8 p. m.
As in previous months, too, both pale Saturn and orangey Mars remain in the evening sky toward the south till dawn. Mars in Capricornus (the Sea-Goat) and Saturn in Sagittarius (the Archer) still allow planet-hunters to spy them easily.
From last month, Mercury has emerged into evening twilight in the west, but is lost in the setting Sun's glare.
The Moon, as known to native peoples, has folklore names for every month. According the Old Farmer’s Almanac, the Moon at full phase in October is called the Hunter's Moon, as its light on rising after sunset brightens the landscape by which to spy and hunt for game and so provide for the coming cold months. For its ruddy appearance on rising, the face of the Moon, flush with a red-orange pallor, is also known as the Blood Moon and the Sanguine Moon.
Known well to regular observers, who spy the sky and hunt for its celestial delights, the change of seasons bring a crisp coolness to their nighttime observing; but, October's ardent show of fiery colors can offer a thought of warmth against the season's chilly nights.
In the bright sunlight of an October day, leaves of various trees appear to blaze with bright hues of red in a riot of color every Autumn. Varieties of trees such as black cherry, white oak, black oak, sourwood, and winged sumac seem to flame forth in ruddy hues that add brilliant splendor to an arboreal landscape.
Just before nightfall, that clear, crisp Fall day can also end with the burning color of a fiery redgold sunset. For those who've taken to the sea, they know the time-honored rhyme:
"Red sky at night, sailors' delight; red sky in morning, sailors take warning!"
Once night has fallen, a few Fall sights light up the night and delight us this month.
Brilliant Venus (in Virgo, the Maiden) ends its bright reign of the western sky at sunset, as the hot cloudy planet gets lost in the glare of the setting Sun. By month's end, it has crossed into the morning sky to precede sunrise.
As in previous months, bright-white Jupiter in Libra (the Scales) still shines in the southwestern sky, but, like Venus, dips closer to the western horizon in evening twilight and sets before 8 p. m.
As in previous months, too, both pale Saturn and orangey Mars remain in the evening sky toward the south till dawn. Mars in Capricornus (the Sea-Goat) and Saturn in Sagittarius (the Archer) still allow planet-hunters to spy them easily.
From last month, Mercury has emerged into evening twilight in the west, but is lost in the setting Sun's glare.
The Moon, as known to native peoples, has folklore names for every month. According the Old Farmer’s Almanac, the Moon at full phase in October is called the Hunter's Moon, as its light on rising after sunset brightens the landscape by which to spy and hunt for game and so provide for the coming cold months. For its ruddy appearance on rising, the face of the Moon, flush with a red-orange pallor, is also known as the Blood Moon and the Sanguine Moon.
Known well to regular observers, who spy the sky and hunt for its celestial delights, the change of seasons bring a crisp coolness to their nighttime observing; but, October's ardent show of fiery colors can offer a thought of warmth against the season's chilly nights.
Sky Roundup Almanac for October 2018
October 02: Last Quarter Moon at 09:45 UTC (or, 4:45 a. m. CDT on 10/02)
October 09: New Moon at 03:47 UTC (or, 10:47 p. m. CDT on 10/08)
October 16: First Quarter Moon at 18:02 UTC (or, 1:02 p. m. CDT on 10/16)
October 24: Full Moon at 16:45 UTC (or, 11:45 a. m. CDT on 10/24)
All almanac events, expressed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are corrected here to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
October 09: New Moon at 03:47 UTC (or, 10:47 p. m. CDT on 10/08)
October 16: First Quarter Moon at 18:02 UTC (or, 1:02 p. m. CDT on 10/16)
October 24: Full Moon at 16:45 UTC (or, 11:45 a. m. CDT on 10/24)
All almanac events, expressed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are corrected here to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA.
Sky Roundup for September
Astronomical highlights for the month of September 2018
Watch for Fall
As the previous month of August was described as midway through the astronomical season of Summer on the Gregorian calendar, we now approach the official, astronomical start of Autumn this month. By the modern astronomical calendar, the month of September does indeed mean that Summer comes to its end.
But, like last month, the meteorological calendar makes it feel as if we still operate on a medieval calendar that more closely followed the passage of seasons by changes on weather, in much the way that meteorologists reckon their own calendar, which corresponds to a common-sense way to interpret the length of seasons.
Though the great Midwest has had its share of hot, humid weather and much-needed rainfall mostly late in this Summer season, the prevailing weather regime is likely to shift back-and-forth between highs and lows of both temperature and humidity. As the approaching season of Winter begins its attempt to push its way into the area, it means that Summer will begin to retreat, hence the back-and-forth of weather extremes in the coming weeks. So, the feel of Fall creeping more into the night air, it'll be more enjoyable to venture outside and gaze skyward. Let's see what's up in the night sky.
For a few months now, brilliant Venus (in Virgo, the Maiden) at the start of September nears the western horizon in evening twilight, just after sunset and before 8 p. m. As in previous months, bright-white Jupiter in Libra (the Scales) still shines in the southwestern sky, but, like Venus, closes in on the western horizon in evening twilight and sets by 9 p. m. (See first chart, just below, for both planets at the start of the month.)
But, like last month, the meteorological calendar makes it feel as if we still operate on a medieval calendar that more closely followed the passage of seasons by changes on weather, in much the way that meteorologists reckon their own calendar, which corresponds to a common-sense way to interpret the length of seasons.
Though the great Midwest has had its share of hot, humid weather and much-needed rainfall mostly late in this Summer season, the prevailing weather regime is likely to shift back-and-forth between highs and lows of both temperature and humidity. As the approaching season of Winter begins its attempt to push its way into the area, it means that Summer will begin to retreat, hence the back-and-forth of weather extremes in the coming weeks. So, the feel of Fall creeping more into the night air, it'll be more enjoyable to venture outside and gaze skyward. Let's see what's up in the night sky.
For a few months now, brilliant Venus (in Virgo, the Maiden) at the start of September nears the western horizon in evening twilight, just after sunset and before 8 p. m. As in previous months, bright-white Jupiter in Libra (the Scales) still shines in the southwestern sky, but, like Venus, closes in on the western horizon in evening twilight and sets by 9 p. m. (See first chart, just below, for both planets at the start of the month.)
As in previous months, both pale Saturn and orangey Mars still grace the evening sky in the south till dawn. Mars coasting in Capricornus (the Sea-Goat) and Saturn seeming stationary in Sagittarius (the Archer), both stay fairly bright into the wee hours after midnight.
In early September, Saturn is due south by 8 p. m. and sets by 12 midnight; by month's end, the famously ringed planet will set two hours earlier, that is, by 10 p. m.
Well past its recent opposition, Mars still gleams after its closest approach to Earth, still making an inviting target for a modest telescope, as it has in recent weeks. In early September, Mars is due south by 10 p. m. (i.e., two hours earlier than last month); by month's end, the Red Planet will set two hours earlier than at the month's start, or, by 8 p. m. (See second chart, just below, for both superior planets at mid-month by 7 p. m.)
In early September, Saturn is due south by 8 p. m. and sets by 12 midnight; by month's end, the famously ringed planet will set two hours earlier, that is, by 10 p. m.
Well past its recent opposition, Mars still gleams after its closest approach to Earth, still making an inviting target for a modest telescope, as it has in recent weeks. In early September, Mars is due south by 10 p. m. (i.e., two hours earlier than last month); by month's end, the Red Planet will set two hours earlier than at the month's start, or, by 8 p. m. (See second chart, just below, for both superior planets at mid-month by 7 p. m.)
Like last month, Mercury hugs the vicinity of the Sun at this month's start, but has emerged into the morning sky and is visible in the east before dawn in morning twilight. (See third chart, just below.) By mid-month, Mercury is difficult to spot in morning twilight; by month's end, the tiny, hot world has crossed into evening twilight in the west, but is lost in the setting Sun's glare.
The Moon was known to native peoples, according the Old Farmer’s Almanac, as the Harvest Moon at its full phase, as this month often signaled the prospect of a good harvest of winter's provender, and, provided light enough after sundown to finish gathering in the crops. It's also known as the Full Corn Moon, due to the plant crop ready for harvest at this time of year.
On September 16th, the First Quarter Moon sits west (or, just to the right) of Saturn by 8 p. m., when both are just path due south. Four days later, on September 20th, the waxing gibbous Moon appears above Mars, also by 9 p. m.
While weather conditions day-to-day will bounce up and down in temperature and humidity over the course of coming weeks, the arrival of Autumn later this month will signal that astronomical change in the calendar already evident in the night air.
On September 16th, the First Quarter Moon sits west (or, just to the right) of Saturn by 8 p. m., when both are just path due south. Four days later, on September 20th, the waxing gibbous Moon appears above Mars, also by 9 p. m.
While weather conditions day-to-day will bounce up and down in temperature and humidity over the course of coming weeks, the arrival of Autumn later this month will signal that astronomical change in the calendar already evident in the night air.
Sky Roundup Almanac for September 2018
September 03: Last Quarter Moon at 02:37 UTC (or, 9:37 p. m. CDT on 09/03)
September 09: New Moon at 18:01 UTC (or, 1:01 p. m. CDT on 09/09)
September 16: First Quarter Moon at 23:15 UTC (or, 6:15 p. m. CDT on 09/16)
September 23: Autumnal Equinox, start of Autumn, 01:54 UTC (or, 8:54 p. m. CDT on 09/22)
September 25: Full Moon at 02:52 UTC (or, 9:52 p. m. CDT on 09/24)
All almanac events expressed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are corrected here to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA
September 09: New Moon at 18:01 UTC (or, 1:01 p. m. CDT on 09/09)
September 16: First Quarter Moon at 23:15 UTC (or, 6:15 p. m. CDT on 09/16)
September 23: Autumnal Equinox, start of Autumn, 01:54 UTC (or, 8:54 p. m. CDT on 09/22)
September 25: Full Moon at 02:52 UTC (or, 9:52 p. m. CDT on 09/24)
All almanac events expressed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are corrected here to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA
Sky Roundup for August
Astronomical highlights for the month of August 2018
August Skies, Weather-wise
On the modern Gregorian calendar, the start of August appears midway through the astronomical season of Summer. On the older, previous, medieval calendar, Summer was nearing its completion and Autumn was ready to be welcomed. One artifact from that older calendar appears as a comedy by William Shakespeare.
The Bard's popular play, A Midsummer Night's Dream, which tells the story of hi-jinks among woodland fairies played on Athenian royalty, also invokes, by its title, an ancient pagan festival in England, known as Midsummer, that was celebrated around the time of the Summer solstice. On our more modern calendar, that festival was renamed as the Feast of St. John the Baptist.
By the modern astronomical calendar, the month of August does not mean that Summer is at an end. But the meteorological calendar makes it feel as if we still operate on that medieval calendar. That is to say, the way meteorologists reckon their calendar corresponds to the common-sense way in which the medieval calendar once interpreted the length of seasons.
It's almost as if we can be a little weather-wise and look ahead to more comfortable weather for our nighttime viewing; that is, the Summer season traditionally begins to cool just a bit during this month, and, in a welcoming way. So, perhaps with a little less humidity and that feel of Fall just beginning to creep into the night air, we may find it more enjoyable to venture outside and gaze skyward. Let's see what's up.
For a few months now, brilliant Venus (now in Virgo, the Maiden) at the start of August is the first bright sight to see low in the western sky in evening twilight. By month's end, just after sunset (but before 8 p. m.), Venus is in conjunction with Spica, the brightest star in Virgo and the "ear of wheat" (or spica) often associated with Ceres, goddess of the harvest, who also represents Virgo in ancient mythology. (See first chart, just below, for this month.)
The Bard's popular play, A Midsummer Night's Dream, which tells the story of hi-jinks among woodland fairies played on Athenian royalty, also invokes, by its title, an ancient pagan festival in England, known as Midsummer, that was celebrated around the time of the Summer solstice. On our more modern calendar, that festival was renamed as the Feast of St. John the Baptist.
By the modern astronomical calendar, the month of August does not mean that Summer is at an end. But the meteorological calendar makes it feel as if we still operate on that medieval calendar. That is to say, the way meteorologists reckon their calendar corresponds to the common-sense way in which the medieval calendar once interpreted the length of seasons.
It's almost as if we can be a little weather-wise and look ahead to more comfortable weather for our nighttime viewing; that is, the Summer season traditionally begins to cool just a bit during this month, and, in a welcoming way. So, perhaps with a little less humidity and that feel of Fall just beginning to creep into the night air, we may find it more enjoyable to venture outside and gaze skyward. Let's see what's up.
For a few months now, brilliant Venus (now in Virgo, the Maiden) at the start of August is the first bright sight to see low in the western sky in evening twilight. By month's end, just after sunset (but before 8 p. m.), Venus is in conjunction with Spica, the brightest star in Virgo and the "ear of wheat" (or spica) often associated with Ceres, goddess of the harvest, who also represents Virgo in ancient mythology. (See first chart, just below, for this month.)
Throughout this month, bright-white Jupiter in Libra (the Scales) continues to rule the southwestern sky, and sets by midnight at the start of the month. As the month progresses, the largest planet sets earlier and earlier; by month's end, it sets by 10 p. m. (Note the presence of Jupiter in the first chart, above).
As in previous months, August opens with both pale Saturn and orangey Mars high in the south and in the pre-dawn sky. Mars in Capricornus (the Sea-Goat) and Saturn in Sagittarius (the Archer) are both fairly bright during the wee hours after midnight.
In early August, Saturn is due south by 10 p. m. and sets by 2 a. m.; by month's end, the famously ringed planet will set two hours earlier, that is, by midnight. Just past opposition, Mars still gleams after its closest approach to Earth, making an inviting target for a modest telescope. In early August, Mars is due south by midnight; by month's end, the Red Planet will set two hours earlier, that is, by 10 p. m. (See second chart, just below, for a view of both superior planets at mid-month by 10 p. m.)
As in previous months, August opens with both pale Saturn and orangey Mars high in the south and in the pre-dawn sky. Mars in Capricornus (the Sea-Goat) and Saturn in Sagittarius (the Archer) are both fairly bright during the wee hours after midnight.
In early August, Saturn is due south by 10 p. m. and sets by 2 a. m.; by month's end, the famously ringed planet will set two hours earlier, that is, by midnight. Just past opposition, Mars still gleams after its closest approach to Earth, making an inviting target for a modest telescope. In early August, Mars is due south by midnight; by month's end, the Red Planet will set two hours earlier, that is, by 10 p. m. (See second chart, just below, for a view of both superior planets at mid-month by 10 p. m.)
Like last month, Mercury remains close to the Sun at the start, perhaps difficult to spot for most of this month. That is, in early August, it stays in evening twilight for a time; but, by month's end, the tiny hot world has crossed into the morning sky and is visible before dawn in morning twilight. (See third chart, just below.)
The Moon was known to native peoples, according the Old Farmer’s Almanac, as the Full Sturgeon Moon at its full phase, as this month often signaled the prospect of a good catch of these fish in the Great Lakes. It's also known as the Full Red Moon, due to the appearance of the Moon at its rising, as seen through the occasional humid haze of late Summer.
Notable pairings of the Moon with the visible planets this month include Venus, directly below the slim waxing crescent Moon on August 14th, just after sunset and low to the horizon. (See fourth chart, just below.) Two days later, on August 16th, that waxing crescent appears west (or, to the right) of Jupiter in evening twilight. (See fifth chart, next below).
Notable pairings of the Moon with the visible planets this month include Venus, directly below the slim waxing crescent Moon on August 14th, just after sunset and low to the horizon. (See fourth chart, just below.) Two days later, on August 16th, that waxing crescent appears west (or, to the right) of Jupiter in evening twilight. (See fifth chart, next below).
On August 20th, the waxing gibbous Moon sits west (or, just to the right) of Saturn by 9 p. m., when both are due south, making both a fine pair to explore with a telescope or big binocular. (See sixth chart, just below.) Two days later, on August 22nd, the waxing gibbous Moon appears west (or, to the right) of Mars, also by 9 p. m. (See seventh chart, next below.)
Not to be content with just observing the planets this month, one can also look forward to that annual summertime observation of the famed Perseid meteor shower. Likely the best known shower of all the "shooting stars" we're accustomed to spotting throughout the year, the Perseids are an annual treat for many observers since they're fairly readily visible. This particular shower is famed for the occasional fireball that lights up the sky.
Often better observed from midnight till dawn, this annual display of celestial fireworks often does not disappoint, though one does have to spend a while to see a significant number of them per hour. For this year, the Perseids will not have the light of the Moon to interfere with spotting even the faint meteors (since the Moon will be at its waxing crescent phase, setting early in the evening), though most observers may have better viewing away from city and suburban lights.
The anticipated peak of the shower occurs on August 12th-13th. The shower gets its name from the constellation of Perseus (the Hero), out of which the streaks of light appear to radiate, best seen after the star pattern rises. (See eighth chart, below, for the shower's expected radiant, as seen at 3 a. m.)
Often better observed from midnight till dawn, this annual display of celestial fireworks often does not disappoint, though one does have to spend a while to see a significant number of them per hour. For this year, the Perseids will not have the light of the Moon to interfere with spotting even the faint meteors (since the Moon will be at its waxing crescent phase, setting early in the evening), though most observers may have better viewing away from city and suburban lights.
The anticipated peak of the shower occurs on August 12th-13th. The shower gets its name from the constellation of Perseus (the Hero), out of which the streaks of light appear to radiate, best seen after the star pattern rises. (See eighth chart, below, for the shower's expected radiant, as seen at 3 a. m.)
While the daytime weather typically can remain hot and steamy across the Great Lakes in this month of Summer, one can sense a discrete shift to cooler night air, as the month of August carries us to the threshold of Autumn. Whether or not you're weather-wise, you can still get out under August skies and savor the sights of a summertime Moon, several bright planets, and sudden shooting stars.
Sky Roundup Almanac for August 2018
August 04: Last Quarter Moon at 18:18 UTC (or, 1:18 p. m. CDT on 08/04)
August 11: New Moon at 09:58 UTC (or, 4:58 a. m. CDT on 08/11)
August 12: Peak of annual Perseid meteor shower.
August 18: First Quarter Moon at 07:48 UTC (or, 2:48 a. m. CDT on 08/18)
August 26: Full Moon at 11:56 UTC (or, 6:56 a. m. CDT on 08/26)
All almanac events expressed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are corrected here to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA
August 11: New Moon at 09:58 UTC (or, 4:58 a. m. CDT on 08/11)
August 12: Peak of annual Perseid meteor shower.
August 18: First Quarter Moon at 07:48 UTC (or, 2:48 a. m. CDT on 08/18)
August 26: Full Moon at 11:56 UTC (or, 6:56 a. m. CDT on 08/26)
All almanac events expressed in Coordinated Universal Time (aka Zulu time), are corrected here to Central Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA
Sky Roundup for July
Astronomical highlights for the month of July 2018
No Lie, It's July
Hard to fathom that half the calendar year is behind us. If time has been flying, we must have been having fun. Here are the celestial highlights for this month for more fun.
UPDATE: Not to leave out the prospect of what others may see elsewhere this month, the Moon will be in eclipse on Friday, July 27. This is a total eclipse, a so-called "blood Moon" but will not be visible across the great Midwest or anywhere in mainland North America (except perhaps for the east coast of Greenland).
So, if you hear of this phenomenon, please note that its totality and partial phases will be visible (weather permitting) primarily across the eastern half of Africa, all of South America, Europe, the Middle East, West Asia, India, and Australia. Of course, accompanying the prospect of seeing a celestial display poised with several planets in the sky, there is enough hype and speculation about the eclipse's ominous significance (here, for example). If you have the chance to see a lunar eclipse, it's a wonderful spectacle to behold.
So, if you hear of this phenomenon, please note that its totality and partial phases will be visible (weather permitting) primarily across the eastern half of Africa, all of South America, Europe, the Middle East, West Asia, India, and Australia. Of course, accompanying the prospect of seeing a celestial display poised with several planets in the sky, there is enough hype and speculation about the eclipse's ominous significance (here, for example). If you have the chance to see a lunar eclipse, it's a wonderful spectacle to behold.
Like last month, brilliant Venus (now in Leo, the Lion), at the start of July, is the stand-out as the first sight to see low in the western sky in evening twilight. Like last month, it continues to gleam above the horizon; by mid-month, by July 9th (before 9 p. m.) Venus is in conjunction with the Regulus, the brightest star in Leo and the mythological "heart" of the king of beasts. (See first chart, just below, for this month.) By month's end, the evening "star" moves into the vicinity of Virgo (the Maiden).
Early in this month, bright-white Jupiter in Libra (the Scales) dominates the south-southwestern sky throughout the evening, is seen due south by 8 p. m., and sets by 2 a. m. As the month progresses, the largest planet sets earlier and earlier; by month's end, it sets by midnight.
As in previous months, July opens with both pale Saturn and orangey Mars in the pre-dawn sky, as viewed toward the southwest. Mars in Capricornus (the Sea-Goat) and Saturn in Sagittarius (the Archer) are fairly bright during the wee hours after midnight. In early July, Saturn sets before sunrise, that is, by 4 a. m.; by month's end, the famously ringed planet will set two hours earlier, that is, by 2 a. m.
Like last month, Mercury rises and sets with the Sun and remains lost in its glare for most of this month. It does make a brief appearance in evening twilight at mid-month but cannot be seen well.
The Moon was known to native peoples, according the Old Farmer’s Almanac, as the Full Buck Moon at its full phase, as new antlers were often seen at this time on male deer. It's also known as the Full Thunder Moon, due to the vigorous cloudbursts that form fast and break across the landscape.
Common for the Moon to pair with planets as seen from our earthly vantage, our nearest celestial neighbor often appears to swing close to the more distant planetary neighbors. The waning gibbous Moon glides north of Mars at the start of the month on July 1st. (See second chart, below).
Note how bright Mars appears in that chart. Mars appear so relatively bright in the sky since not only is it relatively near to Earth at this time, but later this month, Mars reaches opposition, which means that the Red Planet (as seen from Earth) appears opposite the Sun in our sky, hence the name. Opposition also means that Mars (or any superior planet so positioned, as seen from Earth) is well placed for its best view through a telescope. That is, by month's end, it'll be a great time (as it is already) to view Mars through a telescope, appearing larger that it has since 2003.
As in previous months, July opens with both pale Saturn and orangey Mars in the pre-dawn sky, as viewed toward the southwest. Mars in Capricornus (the Sea-Goat) and Saturn in Sagittarius (the Archer) are fairly bright during the wee hours after midnight. In early July, Saturn sets before sunrise, that is, by 4 a. m.; by month's end, the famously ringed planet will set two hours earlier, that is, by 2 a. m.
Like last month, Mercury rises and sets with the Sun and remains lost in its glare for most of this month. It does make a brief appearance in evening twilight at mid-month but cannot be seen well.
The Moon was known to native peoples, according the Old Farmer’s Almanac, as the Full Buck Moon at its full phase, as new antlers were often seen at this time on male deer. It's also known as the Full Thunder Moon, due to the vigorous cloudbursts that form fast and break across the landscape.
Common for the Moon to pair with planets as seen from our earthly vantage, our nearest celestial neighbor often appears to swing close to the more distant planetary neighbors. The waning gibbous Moon glides north of Mars at the start of the month on July 1st. (See second chart, below).
Note how bright Mars appears in that chart. Mars appear so relatively bright in the sky since not only is it relatively near to Earth at this time, but later this month, Mars reaches opposition, which means that the Red Planet (as seen from Earth) appears opposite the Sun in our sky, hence the name. Opposition also means that Mars (or any superior planet so positioned, as seen from Earth) is well placed for its best view through a telescope. That is, by month's end, it'll be a great time (as it is already) to view Mars through a telescope, appearing larger that it has since 2003.
Nearly as interesting, a slim crescent Moon sets with Venus on July 15th; however, to see it well, one can begin to view by 8:30 p. m., after which it may be obscured near the horizon by buildings or trees. (See third chart, below.) Note that Mercury is labeled in that same chart, though the small, hot world (at least from our earthly vantage) is too near the glare of the setting Sun to be seen well.
On July 20th, the waxing gibbous Moon, just past First Quarter, is poised above Jupiter by 10 p. m. in the southwest sky, making a fine pair to explore with a telescope or big binocular. (See fourth chart, below.)
On July 24th, the waxing gibbous Moon, nearing its full phase, is positioned just west of Saturn by 10:30 p. m. as the planet stands due south, another celestial sight fun to view this month. (See fifth chart, below.) Note in this same chart (as in the second chart, too) that Saturn sits amid the sparkling, distant clusters of Sagittarius, namely, the Messier objects of M22, M24, and M25, all worth observing with a telescope all Summer long that they're visible; the presence of ringed Saturn there adds to your viewing fun.
On July 28th, the Moon, just a day past full, rides above Mars at midnight, one lunar orbit (or, one sidereal month) after its first pass earlier this month, as the reddish planet approaches its highest point at due south. (See sixth chart, below.)
While weather typically gets hot and humid across the great Midwest and elsewhere at this time of year, the typical observer will also likely have a humid night, the high dew point of which will quickly fog a telescope's lens or mirror; but, we still can look ahead to nighttime fun with the occasional clear, cool night, perhaps after a late-afternoon rain.
Sky Roundup Almanac for July 2018
July 06: Last Quarter Moon at 07:51 UT (or, 2:51 a. m. CDT on 07/06)
July 13: New Moon at 02:48 UT (or, 9:48 p. m. CDT on 07/12)
July 19: First Quarter Moon at 19:52 UT (or, 2:52 p. m. CDT on 07/19)
July 27: Full Moon at 20:20 UT (or, 3:20 p. m. CDT on 07/27)
All almanac events corrected to Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA
July 13: New Moon at 02:48 UT (or, 9:48 p. m. CDT on 07/12)
July 19: First Quarter Moon at 19:52 UT (or, 2:52 p. m. CDT on 07/19)
July 27: Full Moon at 20:20 UT (or, 3:20 p. m. CDT on 07/27)
All almanac events corrected to Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA
Sky Roundup for June
Astronomical highlights for the month of June 2018
June in Bloom
With the wettest May on record (at least by here), last month may not have allowed too many of us across the great Midwest to gaze at the heavens; rather, more likely we saw rain come down when we looked up. With the rainy introduction to Spring all past (for now), let's get outside once again and look skyward. Lest grass grow too fast beneath our feet from all the rain, let's see what to spy in the sky.
Brilliant Venus (in Gemini, the Twins) is the first celestial sight to spy low in the western sky in evening twilight. Like last month, it continues to gleam above the horizon; by mid-month, it has move eastward into Cancer (the Crab); by month's end, it crosses into Leo (the Lion).
Bright-white Jupiter in Libra (the Scales) continues to dominant the sky early throughout the evening and well past midnight. Early in the month, it's seen in east-southeast sky, nearly due south before 10:00 p. m. At the same time by mid-month, it stands due south; by month's end, it occupies the southwestern sky.
Always a treat to observe, even in modest telescopes, the kingly planet struts a regal bearing all night long, attended by its Galilean satellites. The four larger moons of Jupiter, named for Galileo, who was among the first to record his observations of them, can be watched as points of light night after clear night, shifting in their position either side of the great planet.
Like last month, June opens with both pale Saturn and orangey Mars fairly close together as they appear south-southeast in Sagittarius (the Archer) during the wee hours after midnight. As pointed out in last month's column, note that, from month-to-month, celestial objects rise earlier and earlier; so, each month they appear two hours earlier in locations they stood the previous month.
For example, at the start of this month, Saturn stands due south by 3:00 a. m. and Mars is still east in Capricornus (the Sea-Goat); by mid-month, Saturn reaches due south by 2:00 a. m.; by month's end, it gets there by 1:00 a. m. In the meantime, too, all month (like last month), Mars continues its relatively slow eastward trek through Capricornus, appearing farther from Saturn with each passing day.
Mercury rises and sets with the Sun and remains lost in its glare this month.
The Moon was known to native peoples, according the Old Farmer’s Almanac, as the Full Strawberry Moon at its full phase, owing to the ripening of the red juicy fruit in late Spring. Its counterpart name in Europe is the Rose Moon.
With rains of May now past, flowers and foliage now blossom in abundance across the Midwest. Though we still need rain to make lawns lush and crops grow, let's look to see what blooms across the sky in June.
Brilliant Venus (in Gemini, the Twins) is the first celestial sight to spy low in the western sky in evening twilight. Like last month, it continues to gleam above the horizon; by mid-month, it has move eastward into Cancer (the Crab); by month's end, it crosses into Leo (the Lion).
Bright-white Jupiter in Libra (the Scales) continues to dominant the sky early throughout the evening and well past midnight. Early in the month, it's seen in east-southeast sky, nearly due south before 10:00 p. m. At the same time by mid-month, it stands due south; by month's end, it occupies the southwestern sky.
Always a treat to observe, even in modest telescopes, the kingly planet struts a regal bearing all night long, attended by its Galilean satellites. The four larger moons of Jupiter, named for Galileo, who was among the first to record his observations of them, can be watched as points of light night after clear night, shifting in their position either side of the great planet.
Like last month, June opens with both pale Saturn and orangey Mars fairly close together as they appear south-southeast in Sagittarius (the Archer) during the wee hours after midnight. As pointed out in last month's column, note that, from month-to-month, celestial objects rise earlier and earlier; so, each month they appear two hours earlier in locations they stood the previous month.
For example, at the start of this month, Saturn stands due south by 3:00 a. m. and Mars is still east in Capricornus (the Sea-Goat); by mid-month, Saturn reaches due south by 2:00 a. m.; by month's end, it gets there by 1:00 a. m. In the meantime, too, all month (like last month), Mars continues its relatively slow eastward trek through Capricornus, appearing farther from Saturn with each passing day.
Mercury rises and sets with the Sun and remains lost in its glare this month.
The Moon was known to native peoples, according the Old Farmer’s Almanac, as the Full Strawberry Moon at its full phase, owing to the ripening of the red juicy fruit in late Spring. Its counterpart name in Europe is the Rose Moon.
With rains of May now past, flowers and foliage now blossom in abundance across the Midwest. Though we still need rain to make lawns lush and crops grow, let's look to see what blooms across the sky in June.
Sky Roundup Almanac for June 2018
June 06: Last Quarter Moon at 18:32 UT (or, 1:32 p. m. CDT on 06/06)
June 13: New Moon at 19:43 UT (or, 2:43 p. m. CDT on 06/13)
June 20: First Quarter Moon at 05:51 UT (or, 10:51 a. m. CDT on 06/20)
June 21: Summer Solstice, First Day of Summer starts at 10:07 UT (or, 5:07 a. m. on 6/21)
June 28: Full Moon at 04:53 UT (or, 11:53 p. m. CDT on 06/27)
All almanac events corrected to Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA
June 13: New Moon at 19:43 UT (or, 2:43 p. m. CDT on 06/13)
June 20: First Quarter Moon at 05:51 UT (or, 10:51 a. m. CDT on 06/20)
June 21: Summer Solstice, First Day of Summer starts at 10:07 UT (or, 5:07 a. m. on 6/21)
June 28: Full Moon at 04:53 UT (or, 11:53 p. m. CDT on 06/27)
All almanac events corrected to Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA
Sky Roundup for May
Astronomical highlights for the month of May 2018
May Showers
Where in April we had a smattering of snow showers, the month of May has its share of rain showers. Does it appear there’s a lag of one month for seasonal weather? There certainly was a lag in posting this column for this month, but variation in monthly precipitation across the Midwest is not unusual.
As farmers and gardeners can always use rain that soaks in normally, excess rainfall in overly paved areas like subdivisions and cities (as seen earlier last season), and heavy rainfall moving across the Midwest from elsewhere, just means more runoff and flooding this month, too. Between raindrops and clouds for the remainder of this month, try to spot a few night sights.
Like last month, May opens with both pale Saturn and orangey Mars close together as they appear south-southeast in Sagittarius (the Archer) during the wee hours after midnight, while bright-white Jupiter in Libra (the Scales) stands due south at 2 a. m. (Note that, from month-to-month, celestial objects rise earlier and earlier; so, each month they appear two hours earlier in locations they stood the previous month.) By mid-month, Saturn and Mars part further, as Mars heads east into next-door Capricornus (the Sea-Goat).
Mercury rises with the Sun and is lost in its glare. By contrast, and like last month, in the western sky after sunset, brilliant Venus continues to gleam above the horizon; but, by month’s end, begins to slip towards the western horizon and into the Sun’s glare.
The Moon was known to native peoples, according the Old Farmer’s Almanac, as the Full Flower Moon at its full phase, owing to the full bloom of Spring flowers (presumably after adequate rainfall in April and now in May). Other names include the Full Corn Planting Moon and the Milk Moon.
Even with the rumbling of thunder, the whip of wind, and the race of rain clouds that we usually expect in April, the month of May is known for its own shower, namely, that of meteors. Though not well-placed to observe readily, the Eta Aquarid meteors may appear to streak low across one’s southeastern view of a pre-dawn sky, for those across the great Midwest. Named for the star in the constellation of Aquarius whence they appear to radiate, the Eta Aquarids appear weak and sporadic as such showers go, and, must compete early in this month with a gibbous Moon.
May your eyes still gaze aloft, no matter the May shower under which you may find yourself.
As farmers and gardeners can always use rain that soaks in normally, excess rainfall in overly paved areas like subdivisions and cities (as seen earlier last season), and heavy rainfall moving across the Midwest from elsewhere, just means more runoff and flooding this month, too. Between raindrops and clouds for the remainder of this month, try to spot a few night sights.
Like last month, May opens with both pale Saturn and orangey Mars close together as they appear south-southeast in Sagittarius (the Archer) during the wee hours after midnight, while bright-white Jupiter in Libra (the Scales) stands due south at 2 a. m. (Note that, from month-to-month, celestial objects rise earlier and earlier; so, each month they appear two hours earlier in locations they stood the previous month.) By mid-month, Saturn and Mars part further, as Mars heads east into next-door Capricornus (the Sea-Goat).
Mercury rises with the Sun and is lost in its glare. By contrast, and like last month, in the western sky after sunset, brilliant Venus continues to gleam above the horizon; but, by month’s end, begins to slip towards the western horizon and into the Sun’s glare.
The Moon was known to native peoples, according the Old Farmer’s Almanac, as the Full Flower Moon at its full phase, owing to the full bloom of Spring flowers (presumably after adequate rainfall in April and now in May). Other names include the Full Corn Planting Moon and the Milk Moon.
Even with the rumbling of thunder, the whip of wind, and the race of rain clouds that we usually expect in April, the month of May is known for its own shower, namely, that of meteors. Though not well-placed to observe readily, the Eta Aquarid meteors may appear to streak low across one’s southeastern view of a pre-dawn sky, for those across the great Midwest. Named for the star in the constellation of Aquarius whence they appear to radiate, the Eta Aquarids appear weak and sporadic as such showers go, and, must compete early in this month with a gibbous Moon.
May your eyes still gaze aloft, no matter the May shower under which you may find yourself.
Sky Roundup Almanac for May 2018
May 08: Last Quarter Moon at 02:09 UT (or, 9:09 p. m. CDT on 05/07)
May 15: New Moon at 11:48 UT (or, 6:48 a. m. CDT on 05/15)
May 22: First Quarter Moon at 03:49 UT (or, 10:49 p. m. CDT on 05/21)
May 29: Full Moon at 14:19 UT (or, 9:19 a. m. CDT on 05/29)
All almanac events corrected to Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA
May 15: New Moon at 11:48 UT (or, 6:48 a. m. CDT on 05/15)
May 22: First Quarter Moon at 03:49 UT (or, 10:49 p. m. CDT on 05/21)
May 29: Full Moon at 14:19 UT (or, 9:19 a. m. CDT on 05/29)
All almanac events corrected to Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA
Sky Roundup for April
Astronomical highlights for the month of April 2018
April Above
The familiar adage about April showers made need revision; that is, from a forecast of rain showers to that of snow showers. The start of the month has brought us wintry blasts, as the winter regime lingers longer than wanted. Though not unusual, snow in April in parts of the great Midwest still seems so out-of-kilter, weather-wise. But on any available clear nights this month, let’s brave the chill and look above whence precipitation may come and seek to spot the celestial sights of early Spring.
The month opens with both pale Saturn and orangey Mars in conjunction (in Sagittarius, the Archer) in the southeast, as bright-white Jupiter in Libra (the Scales) stands due south at 4 a. m. (See this month’s first chart, just below.
The month opens with both pale Saturn and orangey Mars in conjunction (in Sagittarius, the Archer) in the southeast, as bright-white Jupiter in Libra (the Scales) stands due south at 4 a. m. (See this month’s first chart, just below.
By mid-month, Mars and Saturn begin to part company; Saturn remains poised above the Teapot asterism in Sagittarius while Mars drops from sight below the eastern horizon before dawn by the end of the month.
In the eastern sky by month’s end, tiny Mercury emerges into morning twilight before sunrise, but hugs the horizon and can be difficult to spot. (See this month’s second chart, just below.)
In the eastern sky by month’s end, tiny Mercury emerges into morning twilight before sunrise, but hugs the horizon and can be difficult to spot. (See this month’s second chart, just below.)
By contrast, in the western sky after sunset, brilliant Venus gleams above the horizon and is well-placed to spot readily, but sets by the end of civil twilight. (See this month’s third chart, just below.)
The Moon itself, high above us as it moves through its monthly phases, was known to native peoples, according the Old Farmer’s Almanac, as the Full Pink Moon at its full phase. Owing to the springtime blossoming of pink ground cover known as phlox, it’s plain to see why this floral perennial might have been the perennial favorite to spot as a sure sign of Spring.
On April 3rd, the waning gibbous Moon stands above Jupiter, due south, at 3 a. m. (See this month’s fourth chart, just below.)
On April 3rd, the waning gibbous Moon stands above Jupiter, due south, at 3 a. m. (See this month’s fourth chart, just below.)
Four days later, on April 7th, the Moon lines up above both Mars and Saturn in conjunction in the southeast sky by 4 a. m. (See this month’s fifth chart, just below.)
By month’s end, the Moon again stands above Jupiter, but at its full phase. (See the sixth chart, just below.)
Once showers are over, one can look well underfoot by day to spot signs of the greening season; once the clouds clear away, one can also look high above by night for celestial signs of Spring’s opening.
Sky Roundup Almanac for April 2018
April 08: Last Quarter Moon at 07:17 UT (or, 2:17 a. m. CDT on 04/08)
April 16: New Moon at 01:57 UT (or, 8:57 p. m. CDT on 04/15)
April 22: First Quarter Moon at 21:46 UT (or, 4:46 p. m. CDT on 04/22)
April 30: Full Moon at 00:58 UT (or, 7:58 p. m. CDT on 04/29)
All almanac events corrected to Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA
April 16: New Moon at 01:57 UT (or, 8:57 p. m. CDT on 04/15)
April 22: First Quarter Moon at 21:46 UT (or, 4:46 p. m. CDT on 04/22)
April 30: Full Moon at 00:58 UT (or, 7:58 p. m. CDT on 04/29)
All almanac events corrected to Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA
Sky Roundup for March
Astronomical highlights for the month of March 2018
Time Marches On
An admitted late post for this month of March finds this recurring column with just a few things to report of upcoming celestial sights to see. Most of the time, Sky Roundup opens on the first of each month with a summary of that month's most promising events or noteworthy objects to view in the night sky. More important, though, as readers will note: Time and tide wait for no man.
As the Moon moves the tide and as time goes by, all must adjust. So, too, will this column, which just offers the phases of the Moon for the month that remains, and, that the Vernal Equinox marks the passage of time to the astronomical beginning of Spring. On March 20th, the Earth's axis is at a right angles to the Sun's center, marking the springtime seasonal start. (Find the start of the seasons for your own locale.)
Though the meteorological start to the seasons precedes the astronomical start of each season by about three weeks, it may resemble the passage of time once marked by the medieval calendar, or, the meteorological calendar may appear to be a close match to the ancient Celtic calendar, which had seasons that started on different dates (more akin to the seasonal shift of weather) than today's astronomical calendar, but the two are markedly different.
As the Moon moves the tide and as time goes by, all must adjust. So, too, will this column, which just offers the phases of the Moon for the month that remains, and, that the Vernal Equinox marks the passage of time to the astronomical beginning of Spring. On March 20th, the Earth's axis is at a right angles to the Sun's center, marking the springtime seasonal start. (Find the start of the seasons for your own locale.)
Though the meteorological start to the seasons precedes the astronomical start of each season by about three weeks, it may resemble the passage of time once marked by the medieval calendar, or, the meteorological calendar may appear to be a close match to the ancient Celtic calendar, which had seasons that started on different dates (more akin to the seasonal shift of weather) than today's astronomical calendar, but the two are markedly different.
Sky Roundup Almanac for March 2018
March 02: Full Moon at 02:51 UT (or, 8:51 p. m. CST on 03/01)
March 09: Last Quarter Moon at 11:20 UT (or, 5:20 a. m. CST on 03/09)
March 11: Daylight Saving Time starts locally at 2:00 a. m. (Central Time Zone)
March 17: New Moon at 13:12 UT (or, 8:12 a. m. CDT on 03/17)
March 20: Vernal Equinox in Northern Hemisphere (First day of Spring) at 16:15 UT (or, 11:15 a. m.)
March 24: First Quarter Moon at 15:35 UT (or, 10:35 a. m. CDT on 03/24)
All almanac events corrected to Standard Time and Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA
March 09: Last Quarter Moon at 11:20 UT (or, 5:20 a. m. CST on 03/09)
March 11: Daylight Saving Time starts locally at 2:00 a. m. (Central Time Zone)
March 17: New Moon at 13:12 UT (or, 8:12 a. m. CDT on 03/17)
March 20: Vernal Equinox in Northern Hemisphere (First day of Spring) at 16:15 UT (or, 11:15 a. m.)
March 24: First Quarter Moon at 15:35 UT (or, 10:35 a. m. CDT on 03/24)
All almanac events corrected to Standard Time and Daylight Time, Central Time Zone, USA
Sky Roundup for February
Astronomical highlights for the month of February 2018
Short Month, Short Sights
As a month on the modern calendar, February is shortest in duration. But for this year, this shortest month does not even have a Full Moon! Because of the news-grabbing highlight of two Supermoons last month in January, the shorter month of February doesn’t find the Moon at its full phase. Usually, the folklore name for the Full Moon in February is the Full Snow Moon. Though there’ll be no Full Moon this month, February could still be full of snow.
Let’s see how full the rest of this month shall be.
In the eastern sky before sunrise, the month opens with a line-up, from the horizon upward at an angle, of pale Saturn (in Sagittarius, the Archer), orangey Mars (in Scorpius, the Scorpion), and bright-white Jupiter in Libra (the Scales). (See this month’s first chart, just below.)
Let’s see how full the rest of this month shall be.
In the eastern sky before sunrise, the month opens with a line-up, from the horizon upward at an angle, of pale Saturn (in Sagittarius, the Archer), orangey Mars (in Scorpius, the Scorpion), and bright-white Jupiter in Libra (the Scales). (See this month’s first chart, just below.)
Venus and Mercury are lost in the glare of the Sun all month long, though Venus passes into the evening sky after sunset by month’s end.
On February 8th, the waning gibbous Moon stands due south, just before sunrise, between Mars and Jupiter. (See this month’s second chart, just below.)
On February 8th, the waning gibbous Moon stands due south, just before sunrise, between Mars and Jupiter. (See this month’s second chart, just below.)
Three days later, on February 11th, a slim crescent Moon sits poised above Saturn before dawn in the south-southeast sky. (See this month’s third chart, just below.)
Though a short month and a short Sky Roundup this month, there are enough celestial sightings on tap to make a good short show, even in the snow.
Sky Roundup Almanac for February 2018
February 07: Last Quarter Moon at 15:54 UT (or, 9:54 a. m. CST on 02/07)
February 18: New Moon at 21:05 UT (or, 3:05 p. m. CST on 02/18)
February 23: First Quarter Moon at 8:09 UT (or, 2:09 a. m. CST on 02/23)
All almanac events corrected to Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA
February 18: New Moon at 21:05 UT (or, 3:05 p. m. CST on 02/18)
February 23: First Quarter Moon at 8:09 UT (or, 2:09 a. m. CST on 02/23)
All almanac events corrected to Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA
Sky Roundup for January
Astronomical highlights for the month of January 2018
Super Start to a New Year
Just as the year 2017 ended with the sole Supermoon of that year, the year 2018 starts with the first of two Supermoons for this month! That’s right. There’ll be two Supermoons in January: the first occurs on January 1st, New Year’s Day; the second on January 31st! Since the Moon completes its orbital circuit around Earth within a calendrical month, it’s therefore possible to have two Full Moons in a single month, when usually there is only one per month.
In addition, that second Full Moon, popularly known as a "blue Moon" (the widespread interpretation of which stemmed from a misprint decades ago) will also pass directly within Earth’s shadow in space, resulting in a total lunar eclipse for lucky observers in the western United States. During a typical lunar eclipse, when the Moon at its full phase is immersed in Earth’s shadow, the face of the Moon can appear a shade of red; that is, from the color of fiery copper to a hue of deep crimson. Due to the striking depth of color, that eclipsed Full Moon is also known as a Blood Moon. So, this month’s "blue" Moon will really appear red!
By native folklore, the Moon at its full phase in January is known as the Wolf Moon, a nod to the keen, furred packs of hungry hunters who often prowl and howl by moonlight. To native peoples, this Full Moon was also known as the Moon After Yule.
Let’s see what else we can observe this month. In the eastern sky before sunrise, pale-orange Mars meets bright-white Jupiter in Libra (the Scales) to open the new year. By 5 a. m., both rise well ahead of the Sun. (See this month’s first chart, just below.) By month’s end, Jupiter remains in Libra while Mars enters Scorpius (the Scorpion), one constellation to the east.
In addition, that second Full Moon, popularly known as a "blue Moon" (the widespread interpretation of which stemmed from a misprint decades ago) will also pass directly within Earth’s shadow in space, resulting in a total lunar eclipse for lucky observers in the western United States. During a typical lunar eclipse, when the Moon at its full phase is immersed in Earth’s shadow, the face of the Moon can appear a shade of red; that is, from the color of fiery copper to a hue of deep crimson. Due to the striking depth of color, that eclipsed Full Moon is also known as a Blood Moon. So, this month’s "blue" Moon will really appear red!
By native folklore, the Moon at its full phase in January is known as the Wolf Moon, a nod to the keen, furred packs of hungry hunters who often prowl and howl by moonlight. To native peoples, this Full Moon was also known as the Moon After Yule.
Let’s see what else we can observe this month. In the eastern sky before sunrise, pale-orange Mars meets bright-white Jupiter in Libra (the Scales) to open the new year. By 5 a. m., both rise well ahead of the Sun. (See this month’s first chart, just below.) By month’s end, Jupiter remains in Libra while Mars enters Scorpius (the Scorpion), one constellation to the east.
In addition, ringed Saturn, which spent most of 2017 moving slowly through Ophiuchus (the Serpent-Handler, which is not a Zodiac pattern), also becomes barely visible in Sagittarius (the Archer) by mid-month along with tiny Mercury. Both hug the east-southeast horizon just before dawn, and, join Mars and Jupiter in morning twilight along with a slim, waning crescent Moon on January 15th; by month’s end, Mercury has dropped back into the glare of the rising Sun. (See this month’s second chart, next below.)
On January 4-5th, the waning gibbous Moon will pass in front of Regulus, the brightest star in Leo. From just before 8:40 p. m. on 01/04 until just after 4:45 a. m. on 01/05, the bulk of the Moon will occult that bright, whitish star. As we see it from Earth, the leading (east) edge of the Moon will blot out Regulus; that is, the star will appear to wink out as the Moon slips past it. The dark, trailing (west) edge of the Moon will show the star pop back into view several hours later. Best seen from northern United States and Canada. (See the third chart, a pair side-by-side, below, to note the ingress and egress of Regulus as the Moon passes before it.)
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On January 11th, a slim waning crescent Moon sits left of Mars and Jupiter in the pre-dawn southeastern sky. (See this month’s fourth chart, just below.)
Several days later, the Moon sits amid several planets in morning twilight on January 15th. (See the first chart again, above.)
The new year begins with a super show, which continues right through to the end of this month.
The new year begins with a super show, which continues right through to the end of this month.
Sky Roundup Almanac for January 2018
January 02: Full Moon (Supermoon) at 02:24 UT (or, 8:24 p. m. CST on 01/01)
January 08: Last Quarter Moon at 22:25 UT (or, 4:25 p. m. CST on 01/08)
January 17: New Moon at 02:17 UT (or, 8:17 p. m. CST on 01/16)
January 24: First Quarter Moon at 22:20 UT (or, 4:20 p. m. CST on 01/24)
January 31: Full Moon (Supermoon) at 13:27 UT (or, 7:27 p. m. CST on 01/31)
All almanac events corrected to Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA
January 08: Last Quarter Moon at 22:25 UT (or, 4:25 p. m. CST on 01/08)
January 17: New Moon at 02:17 UT (or, 8:17 p. m. CST on 01/16)
January 24: First Quarter Moon at 22:20 UT (or, 4:20 p. m. CST on 01/24)
January 31: Full Moon (Supermoon) at 13:27 UT (or, 7:27 p. m. CST on 01/31)
All almanac events corrected to Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA
Sky Roundup for December
Astronomical highlights for the month of December 2017
The Night Before Christmas
Since 2009, Roy Kaelin’s installment of Sky Roundup for December has started with his parody of "A Visit of St. Nicholas" and that little tradition continues this year. With apologies to Clement Clark Moore
'Twas the night before Christmas,
When all through his house
A stargazer was stirring, clicking his mouse;
His mounting set up in the backyard with care,
In hopes that clearing skies soon would be there.
He could’ve been nestled all snug in his bed,
But visions of nebulae danced in his head;
And grabbing a kerchief to dust a lens from its cap,
He caffeined his brain to shun a long winter’s nap--
When out on the lawn there arose such a clatter,
He sprang from his chair to see what was the matter:
Away to his set-up he flew like a flash,
Hoping his ‘scope didn’t loosen and crash.
The moon, on the breast of new-fallen snow,
Gave a luster of mid-day to objects, ya’ know:
When, what to his wandering eyes should appear,
But a case full of eyepieces amid his old gear;
Fellow geeks always bought these, so lively and quick,
He knew in a moment they’d all be heartsick.
More lenses he now owned and savored his claim,
And he whistled, and shouted, and called them by name--
“Now, Brandon! now, Nagler! now, Ethos! and Vixen!
No coma! Flat fields! Star parties I’m blitzin’;
To the top of each planet, to the top of Straight Wall,
I’ll dash to see nebulae, faraway all!”
He gathered his new gear, so pleased he might cry,
And carried all to his ‘scope, its mount to the sky,
So, up past his house-top his ‘scope aimed anew,
A case full of lenses—and such neat stuff too.
With stars all a-twinkling from heat off the roof,
The night sky unveiled its warp and its woof;
As he drew up a chair, and was turning around,
Down next to his ‘scope the ‘gazer came with a bound.
His parka lined in fur
From his head to his foot,
And his clothes came all furnished
With pockets to boot:
This new bunch of toys
He now kept near his back,
And he thrilled like a youngster
As he opened his pack;
His eyes how they twinkled!
Each eyepiece how merry--
Were just what he wanted,
Whence they came he was wary;
Ev’ry ocular gleamed
Each drawn up with a bow,
Who could’ve left them and
Left no tracks in the snow?
He thought for a bit
Of this season of year,
And thought it unlikely he’d
Earned such good cheer.
Still he was thankful
And humbled quite by it;
He vowed to do better
And stay on a diet.
He was chubby and plump--
His right jolly old self;
From too much late snacking
In spite of himself.
A wink of his eye,
And a twist of his head,
Soon gave him to know
Where each eyepiece might thread.
He spoke not a word,
But went straight to his work,
And logged all his sightings:
Then turned with a jerk,
And laying his pencil
Aside of his prose,
And giving a nod,
To his warm room he rose.
He sprang to its desk,
Jotted notes in a whistle,
And away he then flew
To look through a Plössl:
But all heard him exclaim
Ere he gazed in the night,
“Merry Christmas to all,
And to all A Clear Night.”
'Twas the night before Christmas,
When all through his house
A stargazer was stirring, clicking his mouse;
His mounting set up in the backyard with care,
In hopes that clearing skies soon would be there.
He could’ve been nestled all snug in his bed,
But visions of nebulae danced in his head;
And grabbing a kerchief to dust a lens from its cap,
He caffeined his brain to shun a long winter’s nap--
When out on the lawn there arose such a clatter,
He sprang from his chair to see what was the matter:
Away to his set-up he flew like a flash,
Hoping his ‘scope didn’t loosen and crash.
The moon, on the breast of new-fallen snow,
Gave a luster of mid-day to objects, ya’ know:
When, what to his wandering eyes should appear,
But a case full of eyepieces amid his old gear;
Fellow geeks always bought these, so lively and quick,
He knew in a moment they’d all be heartsick.
More lenses he now owned and savored his claim,
And he whistled, and shouted, and called them by name--
“Now, Brandon! now, Nagler! now, Ethos! and Vixen!
No coma! Flat fields! Star parties I’m blitzin’;
To the top of each planet, to the top of Straight Wall,
I’ll dash to see nebulae, faraway all!”
He gathered his new gear, so pleased he might cry,
And carried all to his ‘scope, its mount to the sky,
So, up past his house-top his ‘scope aimed anew,
A case full of lenses—and such neat stuff too.
With stars all a-twinkling from heat off the roof,
The night sky unveiled its warp and its woof;
As he drew up a chair, and was turning around,
Down next to his ‘scope the ‘gazer came with a bound.
His parka lined in fur
From his head to his foot,
And his clothes came all furnished
With pockets to boot:
This new bunch of toys
He now kept near his back,
And he thrilled like a youngster
As he opened his pack;
His eyes how they twinkled!
Each eyepiece how merry--
Were just what he wanted,
Whence they came he was wary;
Ev’ry ocular gleamed
Each drawn up with a bow,
Who could’ve left them and
Left no tracks in the snow?
He thought for a bit
Of this season of year,
And thought it unlikely he’d
Earned such good cheer.
Still he was thankful
And humbled quite by it;
He vowed to do better
And stay on a diet.
He was chubby and plump--
His right jolly old self;
From too much late snacking
In spite of himself.
A wink of his eye,
And a twist of his head,
Soon gave him to know
Where each eyepiece might thread.
He spoke not a word,
But went straight to his work,
And logged all his sightings:
Then turned with a jerk,
And laying his pencil
Aside of his prose,
And giving a nod,
To his warm room he rose.
He sprang to its desk,
Jotted notes in a whistle,
And away he then flew
To look through a Plössl:
But all heard him exclaim
Ere he gazed in the night,
“Merry Christmas to all,
And to all A Clear Night.”
Super Month for Supermoon
It’s that time of year to bring home the significance of the season and embrace thoughts of this year as its ends draws nigh. We welcome the season of Winter, celebrate the holy holiday of Christmas, take stock of times long past with Auld Lang Syne, say "Adieu" to the current year, and say "Hello" to the New Year.
Recalling thoughts and memories of the year now passing, we look back to a year of observing the Moon and planets when clear and sighting celestial wonders when visible. Let’s see how we close out this year.
With all the hype surrounding this year’s only Supermoon, one must know its astronomical significance. As popularly cited, the Moon gets very bright because it gets close to Earth, a condition which is portrayed as unusual. More accurately, the Moon approaches Earth and "gets close" every month; that close approach is always included in its usual monthly orbit around Earth. Only when that monthly closest approach coincides with the full phase do we see the so-called "Supermoon", when the Moon reaches perigee (i.e., closest approach to Earth) in its orbit, hence the brighter Full Moon.
On December 3rd, this year’s only Supermoon rises across the Great Lakes. By the time we see it, the Moon will already be a tad past its exact full phase; so, through a telescope at moderate power, look for a hint of shadowed mountains along the rising, leading rim of this month’s Supermoon. Btw, while this year only has one such Supermoon, next month alone will have two! That's right. Since January typically has 31 calendar days, there is the possibility, and it happens, that there are two full Moons in one month; coincidentally, both are Supermoons! The first Full Moon happens on New Year's Day; the second on January 31st.
More to the point, a second Full Moon in a single month is popularly called 'a "Blue Moon" (though there are varying accounts of how this phenomenon got its name). And that second Full Moon is not only a Supermoon, but the Moon will be in eclipse as well (at least for those in western North America) during which the Moon may likely appear some shade of crimson. So that second Moon is a "Blue Red Moon"!
Recalling thoughts and memories of the year now passing, we look back to a year of observing the Moon and planets when clear and sighting celestial wonders when visible. Let’s see how we close out this year.
With all the hype surrounding this year’s only Supermoon, one must know its astronomical significance. As popularly cited, the Moon gets very bright because it gets close to Earth, a condition which is portrayed as unusual. More accurately, the Moon approaches Earth and "gets close" every month; that close approach is always included in its usual monthly orbit around Earth. Only when that monthly closest approach coincides with the full phase do we see the so-called "Supermoon", when the Moon reaches perigee (i.e., closest approach to Earth) in its orbit, hence the brighter Full Moon.
On December 3rd, this year’s only Supermoon rises across the Great Lakes. By the time we see it, the Moon will already be a tad past its exact full phase; so, through a telescope at moderate power, look for a hint of shadowed mountains along the rising, leading rim of this month’s Supermoon. Btw, while this year only has one such Supermoon, next month alone will have two! That's right. Since January typically has 31 calendar days, there is the possibility, and it happens, that there are two full Moons in one month; coincidentally, both are Supermoons! The first Full Moon happens on New Year's Day; the second on January 31st.
More to the point, a second Full Moon in a single month is popularly called 'a "Blue Moon" (though there are varying accounts of how this phenomenon got its name). And that second Full Moon is not only a Supermoon, but the Moon will be in eclipse as well (at least for those in western North America) during which the Moon may likely appear some shade of crimson. So that second Moon is a "Blue Red Moon"!
Sky Roundup Almanac for December 2017
December 03: Full Moon at 15:47 UT (or, 9:47 a. m. CST on 12/03) - Supermoon!
December 10: Last Quarter Moon at 07:51 UT (or, 1:51 a. m. CST on 12/10)
December 18: New Moon at 06:30 UT (or, 12:30 a. m. CST on 12/18)
December 26: First Quarter Moon at 09:20 UT (or, 3:20 a. m. CST on 12/26)
All almanac events corrected to Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA
December 10: Last Quarter Moon at 07:51 UT (or, 1:51 a. m. CST on 12/10)
December 18: New Moon at 06:30 UT (or, 12:30 a. m. CST on 12/18)
December 26: First Quarter Moon at 09:20 UT (or, 3:20 a. m. CST on 12/26)
All almanac events corrected to Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA
Sky Roundup for November
Astronomical highlights for the month of November 2017
Thankful to Observe
Across this nation, this month we give thanks for the blessings of friends and family, and, for the good fortune we may seek to extend to others. We show gratitude to our fellows and betters, seeking to treat strangers as neighbors, as days grow shorter and wintry weather grips tighter.
And we are grateful for celestial things to see above, that remind us of our place in the cosmos. So, across the realm of the night sky, we are thankful for any clear nights that any break from somber weather may bring. Let’s see what we may be grateful to see this month, if the weather stays clear.
Three planets rise to greet our month of gratitude. Mars climbs above the horizon past Venus before sunrise (by 6 a. m.) in Leo (the Lion) by the start of the month. Jupiter joins in, as the mighty planet emerges into morning twilight, tight to the eastern horizon at dawn. (See this month’s first chart, just below.) Though it emerged into morning twilight by the start of last month, Mercury swings back to the evening sky, hugging the western horizon amid the glare of the setting Sun at the start of this month.
And we are grateful for celestial things to see above, that remind us of our place in the cosmos. So, across the realm of the night sky, we are thankful for any clear nights that any break from somber weather may bring. Let’s see what we may be grateful to see this month, if the weather stays clear.
Three planets rise to greet our month of gratitude. Mars climbs above the horizon past Venus before sunrise (by 6 a. m.) in Leo (the Lion) by the start of the month. Jupiter joins in, as the mighty planet emerges into morning twilight, tight to the eastern horizon at dawn. (See this month’s first chart, just below.) Though it emerged into morning twilight by the start of last month, Mercury swings back to the evening sky, hugging the western horizon amid the glare of the setting Sun at the start of this month.
Like previous months, Saturn remains in Ophiuchus (the Serpent Handler), and, lingers low in the south-southwest, setting by 8 p. m. at the start of the month. (See this month’s second chart, just below.)
But at mid-month, by 6 a. m. on November 14th, those rising before dawn will see a dazzling sight of the two brightest planets, Jupiter and Venus, paired close together, and lined up with Mars and the waning crescent Moon. (See this month’s third chart, just below.)
By month’s end, both Mercury and Saturn are seen together in evening twilight, just above the horizon. Of the planets visible to the naked eye, the hot, fleet-footed world near to the Sun pairs with the cold, slow-moving world far from the Sun. (See this month’s fourth chart, just below.)
By its well-known names, native peoples knew the Moon at full phase this month as the Full Beaver Moon, as the aquatic rodents work to dam rivers and hoard food; often too, it was known as the Frosty Moon, owing to the approaching season of winter and the crisp, bracing cold it can bring.
On November 5th, by 7:50 p. m., the waning gibbous Moon, just past its full phase, starts to uncover Aldebaran, brightest star in Taurus (the Bull). The orangey star is occulted by the Moon before moonrise; so, across the Great Lakes, we can view the end of the occultation and the bright star emerging from the trailing, or western edge of the Moon, as seen from our earthly vantage. (See this month’s fifth chart, below left. A magnified image, like that through a binocular or small telescope, appears as the sixth chart, below right.)
On November 5th, by 7:50 p. m., the waning gibbous Moon, just past its full phase, starts to uncover Aldebaran, brightest star in Taurus (the Bull). The orangey star is occulted by the Moon before moonrise; so, across the Great Lakes, we can view the end of the occultation and the bright star emerging from the trailing, or western edge of the Moon, as seen from our earthly vantage. (See this month’s fifth chart, below left. A magnified image, like that through a binocular or small telescope, appears as the sixth chart, below right.)
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As cited (above), on November 14th, before dawn, the waning crescent Moon sits above the trio of Mar, Jupiter, and Venus. A clear sky and unobstructed horizon will show best the conjunction, or apparent sky pairing, of the two bright planets. (See this month’s third chart again, above.)
Also, one may wish to watch for any sightings of meteors this month. The Leonid meteor shower, famous for its intense storms of meteors that seem to occur every generation, will be visible toward the eastern sky by mid-month, between 3 a. m. and morning twilight, after the constellation rises. (see Almanac, below.)
Thankfully, we still have time this month to get out under the stars, weather permitting and before the snow flies, to glimpse the seasonal sights of the night sky.
Also, one may wish to watch for any sightings of meteors this month. The Leonid meteor shower, famous for its intense storms of meteors that seem to occur every generation, will be visible toward the eastern sky by mid-month, between 3 a. m. and morning twilight, after the constellation rises. (see Almanac, below.)
Thankfully, we still have time this month to get out under the stars, weather permitting and before the snow flies, to glimpse the seasonal sights of the night sky.
Sky Roundup Almanac for November 2017
November 04: Full Moon at 05:23 UT (or, 12:23 a. m. CDT on 11/04)
November 05: Daylight Saving Time ends at 2 a. m.; set clocks back one hour
November 10: Last Quarter Moon at 20:36 UT (or, 2:36 p. m. CST on 11/10)
November 18: New Moon at 11:42 UT (or, 5:42 a. m. CST on 11/18); peak of Leonid meteor shower
November 26: First Quarter Moon at 17:03 UT (or, 11:03 a. m. CST on 11/26)
As we set clocks back one hour, all almanac events this month corrected to both Daylight Saving Time and Standard Time, in the Central Time Zone, USA
November 05: Daylight Saving Time ends at 2 a. m.; set clocks back one hour
November 10: Last Quarter Moon at 20:36 UT (or, 2:36 p. m. CST on 11/10)
November 18: New Moon at 11:42 UT (or, 5:42 a. m. CST on 11/18); peak of Leonid meteor shower
November 26: First Quarter Moon at 17:03 UT (or, 11:03 a. m. CST on 11/26)
As we set clocks back one hour, all almanac events this month corrected to both Daylight Saving Time and Standard Time, in the Central Time Zone, USA
Sky Roundup for October
Astronomical highlights for the month of October 2017
Treats This Month
Weather for the Fall season has been unseasonably warm, so say the meteorologists. To those who relish warm weather, the spate of summer-like temperatures across the Great Lakes may seem like an unseasonal delight. But the run of elevated temps will simply be folded in to the seasonal average; temperatures will then settle quickly into our more expected Autumn-like chill in short order. That chilliness, especially at night, can promote the onset of colorful Fall foliage.
In addition, lack of rain (and those cool nights) may add to the relative dryness that can contribute to the anticipated riot of color that marks the season; however, extended dryness (and not-so-cool nights), that can resemble drought stress, appears to lead to early leaf-drop, unfortunately before coloration can develop. It’s the combo of warm days and cool, frost-free nights that would deliver the ideal treat of a colorful Fall.
It is nothing unusual to have an extended period of warm and dry weather, though its persistence across the Great Lakes has not produced appreciable rain in many weeks, which would be a real indulgence to late-season gardens and farm fields, as both require moisture to replenish nutrients.
By contrast with the Great Lakes region, already early snowstorms have pounded several western states; of course, that’s no indication that we’ll see early snow nor is it indicative of any unusual trend in our Midwestern weather, though the projected outlook shows a frostier-than-usual Winter season ahead.
We’ll find out in due course how good meteorological prognostication can be, and, whether the weather will deliver our seasonal treat of Fall colors; in the meantime, let’s look ahead to see what delights the night sky this month can bring, if the weather stays clear.
Mercury emerges into morning twilight by the start of the month, but hugs the eastern horizon amid the glare of the rising Sun. Like Mercury, Mars has remained elusive, but has climbed above the horizon to pair with Venus before sunrise (by 6 a. m.) in Leo (the Lion) by the start of the month. (See this month’s first chart, just below.)
In addition, lack of rain (and those cool nights) may add to the relative dryness that can contribute to the anticipated riot of color that marks the season; however, extended dryness (and not-so-cool nights), that can resemble drought stress, appears to lead to early leaf-drop, unfortunately before coloration can develop. It’s the combo of warm days and cool, frost-free nights that would deliver the ideal treat of a colorful Fall.
It is nothing unusual to have an extended period of warm and dry weather, though its persistence across the Great Lakes has not produced appreciable rain in many weeks, which would be a real indulgence to late-season gardens and farm fields, as both require moisture to replenish nutrients.
By contrast with the Great Lakes region, already early snowstorms have pounded several western states; of course, that’s no indication that we’ll see early snow nor is it indicative of any unusual trend in our Midwestern weather, though the projected outlook shows a frostier-than-usual Winter season ahead.
We’ll find out in due course how good meteorological prognostication can be, and, whether the weather will deliver our seasonal treat of Fall colors; in the meantime, let’s look ahead to see what delights the night sky this month can bring, if the weather stays clear.
Mercury emerges into morning twilight by the start of the month, but hugs the eastern horizon amid the glare of the rising Sun. Like Mercury, Mars has remained elusive, but has climbed above the horizon to pair with Venus before sunrise (by 6 a. m.) in Leo (the Lion) by the start of the month. (See this month’s first chart, just below.)
By month’s end, both inner planets have separated but still have moved eastward as a pair into Virgo (the Maiden), rising (by 7 a. m.) ahead of the Sun. (See this month’s second chart, just below.)
Jupiter in Virgo (the Maiden) dips below the western horizon at sunset throughout the first half of this month and remains lost in the Sun’s glare.
Already in Autumn, Saturn remains in Ophiuchus (the Serpent Handler), and, lingers low in the south-southwest and sets 10 p. m. at the start of the month. (See this month’s third chart, just below.) By month’s end, it sets by 8 p. m. after evening twilight.
Already in Autumn, Saturn remains in Ophiuchus (the Serpent Handler), and, lingers low in the south-southwest and sets 10 p. m. at the start of the month. (See this month’s third chart, just below.) By month’s end, it sets by 8 p. m. after evening twilight.
Amid its well-known names, native peoples knew the Moon at full phase this month as the Full Harvest Moon, or, more often as the Hunter’s Moon, owing to the light it spreads over the land as it clears the trees along the horizon. Its relatively long, low appearance at rising is due to the shallow angle it makes to the horizon, making the light of its rising appear to flood the landscape. At this time of year, too, the Moon can appear large when seen close to objects along the horizon, and, in its characteristic orange harvest color due to the view of its light through a shallow angle of air. The Moon also pairs with planets this month. For example:
Like last month on the 17th, a very slim, waning crescent Moon sits amid Venus and Mars (but not Mercury, unlike last month) on October 17th at 6 a. m., due east at sunrise. (See this month’s fourth chart, just below.) Rise early to see this special treat of Moon and planets before dawn.
Like last month on the 17th, a very slim, waning crescent Moon sits amid Venus and Mars (but not Mercury, unlike last month) on October 17th at 6 a. m., due east at sunrise. (See this month’s fourth chart, just below.) Rise early to see this special treat of Moon and planets before dawn.
On October 24th, by 7 p. m., the waxing crescent Moon sits left of Saturn just after evening twilight. (See this month’s fifth chart, just below.)
As expected in Autumn, days grow shorter and nights grow longer. But why wait until the end of the month to get treats at Hallowe’en? One can make time during those lengthening evenings to begin more observing and take in the treats of the night sky all month long.
Sky Roundup Almanac for October 2017
October 05: Full Moon at 18:40 UT (or, 1:40 p. m. CDT on 10/05)
October 12: Last Quarter Moon at 12:25 UT (or, 7:25 a. m. CDT on 10/12)
October 19: New Moon at 19:12 UT (or, 2:12 p. m. CDT on 10/19)
October 27: First Quarter Moon at 22:22 UT (or, 5:22 p. m. CDT on 10/27)
All almanac events corrected to Daylight Saving Time, Central Time Zone, USA
October 12: Last Quarter Moon at 12:25 UT (or, 7:25 a. m. CDT on 10/12)
October 19: New Moon at 19:12 UT (or, 2:12 p. m. CDT on 10/19)
October 27: First Quarter Moon at 22:22 UT (or, 5:22 p. m. CDT on 10/27)
All almanac events corrected to Daylight Saving Time, Central Time Zone, USA
Sky Roundup for September
Astronomical highlights for the month of September 2017
Fall into Observing
Amid last month’s summertime heat and humidity, those with clear skies witnessed the fine spectacle of a total solar eclipse that crossed the country from coast to coast. From the vantage of southern Illinois, close to the center of the path of totality, the union of Moon over Sun, a perfect alignment found nowhere else in the Solar System, awed those privileged to behold such cosmic precision.
The center image (below) shows the moment of totality, while images (left and right) depict the moments immediately before and after totality, showing the "diamond-ring effect".
(Images taken by Roy Kaelin from the vantage of West Frankfort, Illinois, courtesy of a generous resident, who loaned the use of her property to set up and photograph the celestial event.)
The center image (below) shows the moment of totality, while images (left and right) depict the moments immediately before and after totality, showing the "diamond-ring effect".
(Images taken by Roy Kaelin from the vantage of West Frankfort, Illinois, courtesy of a generous resident, who loaned the use of her property to set up and photograph the celestial event.)
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Now, we throttle back a bit and start the month with a decided chill in the air, as a prelude to the start of Autumn. If the daytime spectacle of last month’s solar eclipse inspired more to spend time out-of-doors, looking up, then let’s see if this month’s nighttime celestial line-up continues to inspire.
At the end of last month, Venus was seen rising in the morning sky ahead of the Sun, by 5 a. m., and, in Cancer (the Crab). At the start of the month, before sunrise Venus appears to the “right” of Messier object, M44 (aka the Beehive Cluster), an open cluster of stars. (See this month’s first chart, just below.)
At the end of last month, Venus was seen rising in the morning sky ahead of the Sun, by 5 a. m., and, in Cancer (the Crab). At the start of the month, before sunrise Venus appears to the “right” of Messier object, M44 (aka the Beehive Cluster), an open cluster of stars. (See this month’s first chart, just below.)
Mercury emerges into morning twilight by the start of the month, but hugs the eastern horizon all month long. Like Mercury, Mars has remained elusive, but climbs above the horizon to close in on Venus in Leo (the Lion) by month’s end before sunrise. (See this month’s second chart, just below.)
Jupiter in Virgo (the Maiden) is close to the western horizon by evening twilight throughout this month. At this month’s start, it is visible in evening twilight after sunset by 8:00 p. m., but sets shortly thereafter. By month’s end, it’s too close to the horizon to be visible in early evening twilight.
Like these past summer months, Saturn stays in Ophiuchus (the Serpent Handler), and, is just past due south by 8:00 p. m. At this month’s start, the famously ringed planet sets by midnight in the south-southwest; by month’s end, Saturn sets by 10 p. m. (See this month’s third chart, just below.)
Like these past summer months, Saturn stays in Ophiuchus (the Serpent Handler), and, is just past due south by 8:00 p. m. At this month’s start, the famously ringed planet sets by midnight in the south-southwest; by month’s end, Saturn sets by 10 p. m. (See this month’s third chart, just below.)
Native peoples knew the Moon at full phase this month as the Full Corn Moon, or the Full Harvest Moon, owing to the seasonal gathering of crops. Our own Harvest Moon is so named by the Full Moon that appears closest to the Autumnal Equinox, or, the astronomical start of Autumn which marks the first day of Fall. It characteristic orange color comes from the light of the Moon, when seen close to the horizon through a shallow angle of air. The Moon also pairs with planets this month. For example:
On September 17th, the waning crescent Moon lines up with Venus, Mars, and Mercury at 6 a. m., due east before sunrise. (See this month’s fourth chart, just below.)
On September 17th, the waning crescent Moon lines up with Venus, Mars, and Mercury at 6 a. m., due east before sunrise. (See this month’s fourth chart, just below.)
On September 26th, by 7:30 p. m., the Last Quarter Moon sits above Saturn. (See this month’s fifth chart, just below.)
All Summer has seen long days. With Autumn upon us this month, days grow shorter, but the earlier nighttime lets us fall into the habit of observing as Fall begins.
Sky Roundup Almanac for September 2017
September 06: Full Moon at 07:03 UT (or, 2:03 a. m. CDT on 09/06)
September 13: Last Quarter Moon at 06:25 UT (or, 1:25 a. m. CDT on 09/13)
September 20: New Moon at 20:05 UT (or, 3:05 p. m. CDT on 09/20)
September 23: Autumnal Equinox 20:02 UT (or, 3:02 pm CDT on 09/23), First Day of Fall!
September 28: First Quarter Moon at 02:53 UT (or, 9:53 p. m. CDT on 09/27)
All almanac events corrected to Daylight Saving Time, Central Time Zone, USA
September 13: Last Quarter Moon at 06:25 UT (or, 1:25 a. m. CDT on 09/13)
September 20: New Moon at 20:05 UT (or, 3:05 p. m. CDT on 09/20)
September 23: Autumnal Equinox 20:02 UT (or, 3:02 pm CDT on 09/23), First Day of Fall!
September 28: First Quarter Moon at 02:53 UT (or, 9:53 p. m. CDT on 09/27)
All almanac events corrected to Daylight Saving Time, Central Time Zone, USA
Sky Roundup for August
Astronomical highlights for the month of August 2017
August Skies
When pronounced with an accent on the second syllable, the name of this month conveys a meaning of grandeur, with an added air of impressive quality. Certainly, this month provides its share of celestial grandeur with an impressive array of quality events for the serious and casual observers. An exciting month of celestial wonders keeps summer evenings―and days―just what observers want. First, the daytime sky in August.
If one hasn’t heard already in national or local news, residents of the great Midwest are poised to witness one of nature’s grander spectacles, a total eclipse of the Sun. On August 21st, by 1:20 p. m. CDT, the Moon will pass in front of the Sun, as seen from one’s vantage on Earth, for a total solar eclipse. The name indicates which celestial body is eclipsed, or, seen within a shadow, as viewed from Earth.
That is, a solar eclipse occurs when the Sun is blocked by the Moon, so that sunlight cannot be seen directly on Earth; so, observers of a total solar eclipse seen from Earth are literally inside the shadow of the Moon, and Earth's surface appears darkened. (By contrast, a lunar eclipse occurs when the Sun is blocked by Earth, so that sunlight cannot be seen directly on the Moon; so, observers of a total lunar eclipse, as seen from Earth, are inside the shadow of Earth along with the Moon, and the Moon's surface appears darkened).
What makes this eclipse particularly attractive is that it is accessible across a swath of the United States, to which a fair number may readily drive and set up. At this link, one can find various technical maps which shows the path of totality, that swath of Earth’s surface within which one can glimpse this natural wonder as the shadow of the Moon sweeps across North America. One must be within that swath, to see the Sun fully eclipsed by the Moon. (Btw, this is the one time that an observer really does see the phase of New Moon during a total solar eclipse.)
Though a solar eclipse is a spectacle to behold, one has a scant two minutes in which to behold this one. That is, owing to the relative distance of the Moon from Earth, this specific eclipse is relatively short. The greatest duration of totality occurs in southern Illinois, near the city of Carbondale.
Until one witnesses the eclipse firsthand will one know how dark the daytime sky may get at one’s location. (See this month’s first chart, just below, for a facsimile of the eclipse as seen from Carbondale on August 21st, that shows the Sun’s relative location amid constellations not seen in daytime.)
If one hasn’t heard already in national or local news, residents of the great Midwest are poised to witness one of nature’s grander spectacles, a total eclipse of the Sun. On August 21st, by 1:20 p. m. CDT, the Moon will pass in front of the Sun, as seen from one’s vantage on Earth, for a total solar eclipse. The name indicates which celestial body is eclipsed, or, seen within a shadow, as viewed from Earth.
That is, a solar eclipse occurs when the Sun is blocked by the Moon, so that sunlight cannot be seen directly on Earth; so, observers of a total solar eclipse seen from Earth are literally inside the shadow of the Moon, and Earth's surface appears darkened. (By contrast, a lunar eclipse occurs when the Sun is blocked by Earth, so that sunlight cannot be seen directly on the Moon; so, observers of a total lunar eclipse, as seen from Earth, are inside the shadow of Earth along with the Moon, and the Moon's surface appears darkened).
What makes this eclipse particularly attractive is that it is accessible across a swath of the United States, to which a fair number may readily drive and set up. At this link, one can find various technical maps which shows the path of totality, that swath of Earth’s surface within which one can glimpse this natural wonder as the shadow of the Moon sweeps across North America. One must be within that swath, to see the Sun fully eclipsed by the Moon. (Btw, this is the one time that an observer really does see the phase of New Moon during a total solar eclipse.)
Though a solar eclipse is a spectacle to behold, one has a scant two minutes in which to behold this one. That is, owing to the relative distance of the Moon from Earth, this specific eclipse is relatively short. The greatest duration of totality occurs in southern Illinois, near the city of Carbondale.
Until one witnesses the eclipse firsthand will one know how dark the daytime sky may get at one’s location. (See this month’s first chart, just below, for a facsimile of the eclipse as seen from Carbondale on August 21st, that shows the Sun’s relative location amid constellations not seen in daytime.)
The centerline of totality runs through other Illinois towns such Kaskaskia, Chester, Makanda, Cedar Lake, Murphysboro, Golconda, Goreville, and Simpson. At this useful link, there are additional links to find the town nearest to you and the length of totality’s duration for all states along the path of totality. Of course, common sense safety should prevail in observing a solar eclipse.
Now, the nighttime sky in August. Like last month, this month opens with Venus rising in the morning sky ahead of the Sun, and, in the star pattern of Gemini (the Twins), and, just south (or to the "right" if facing due east) of M35, an open cluster from the Messier catalogue.
Now, the nighttime sky in August. Like last month, this month opens with Venus rising in the morning sky ahead of the Sun, and, in the star pattern of Gemini (the Twins), and, just south (or to the "right" if facing due east) of M35, an open cluster from the Messier catalogue.
By month’s end, the brilliant hot world has traversed Gemini and arrives in the next constellation on the ecliptic to its east, namely, Cancer (the Crab), where Venus appears to the "right" of another Messier object, M44 (aka the Beehive Cluster) by 5:00 a. m. before sunrise. (See this month’s third chart, just below.)
Mercury is still emerging into evening twilight by the start of the month, as it only re-appeared in early twilight late last month, but remains elusive throughout August, hugging the western horizon just after sunset. Like Mercury, Mars has remained elusive for most of the month, too, but only begins to emerge in early morning twilight, hugging the eastern horizon ahead of the Sun, by 5:30 a. m. at month’s end. (See this month’s fourth chart, just below.)
Jupiter in Virgo (the Maiden) heads to the western horizon by evening twilight throughout this month. At this month’s start, it is visible in evening twilight after sunset by 8:30 p. m. and then sets two hours later; but, by month’s end, it sets by 8:30 p. m.
Like last month and at the start of this month, Saturn stays in Ophiuchus (the Serpent Handler, and, not a Zodiac constellation where planets are typically found), and, is due south by 7:30 p. m. As celestial objects appear to rise earlier and earlier with each passing day, within a month’s time a planet will set two hours earlier than its time of setting during previous month. At this month’s start, the famously ringed planet sets by 2 a. m. in the south-southwest; by month’s end, Saturn sets by midnight.
Native peoples knew the Moon at full phase this month as the Full Sturgeon Moon, when runs of this large fish were readily caught in the Great Lakes. Too, its full phase was known as the Full Red Moon, owing to the Moon’s reddish-orange appearance, when seen close to the horizon through the heat and haze of summer. The Moon’s pairing with planets this month adds to the grandeur of August skies. For example:
On August 2nd, Saturn pairs with a waxing gibbous Moon amid a collection of fine Messier objects embedded in the Milky Way; both are due south by 9:30 p. m. (See this month’s fifth chart, just below.)
Like last month and at the start of this month, Saturn stays in Ophiuchus (the Serpent Handler, and, not a Zodiac constellation where planets are typically found), and, is due south by 7:30 p. m. As celestial objects appear to rise earlier and earlier with each passing day, within a month’s time a planet will set two hours earlier than its time of setting during previous month. At this month’s start, the famously ringed planet sets by 2 a. m. in the south-southwest; by month’s end, Saturn sets by midnight.
Native peoples knew the Moon at full phase this month as the Full Sturgeon Moon, when runs of this large fish were readily caught in the Great Lakes. Too, its full phase was known as the Full Red Moon, owing to the Moon’s reddish-orange appearance, when seen close to the horizon through the heat and haze of summer. The Moon’s pairing with planets this month adds to the grandeur of August skies. For example:
On August 2nd, Saturn pairs with a waxing gibbous Moon amid a collection of fine Messier objects embedded in the Milky Way; both are due south by 9:30 p. m. (See this month’s fifth chart, just below.)
On August 18th, a slim waning crescent Moon appears above and to the right of brilliant Venus, nearly due east by 5:00 a. m. (See the sixth chart, just below.)
On August 24th, the kingly planet Jupiter appears east of the Moon, as a slim waxing crescent, in the west-southwest sky by 8:00 p. m., its first planetary pairing after the solar eclipse. (See the seventh chart, just below.) It sets soon thereafter.
The Earth’s nearest neighbor completes its lunar path around the sky in August with another pairing next to Saturn on August 31st, when the waxing gibbous Moon, just past its First Quarter phase, sits due south and just east of the ringed planet by 8:00 p. m. (See this month’s eighth chart, below.)
Also, this month is not complete without time set aside to look for the annual Perseid meteor shower. Every year, peaking toward the middle of August, this grand display of natural fireworks can light up the night sky with streaks of bright "shooting stars" and the occasional fireball.
Due to Earth's passage through debris left by the tail of Comet Swift-Tuttle, the Perseid meteor shower may be best glimpsed late at night and into the wee hours before sunrise. (The link shows the time and direction to look to see meteors radiating from the constellation of Perseus, hence the name of the Perseid shower.) Start to look now, as one does not have to wait for the peak of the shower.
This month offers observers opportunities to see impressive celestial sites both day and night; take time during this august month to glimpse the grandeur of the heavens.
Due to Earth's passage through debris left by the tail of Comet Swift-Tuttle, the Perseid meteor shower may be best glimpsed late at night and into the wee hours before sunrise. (The link shows the time and direction to look to see meteors radiating from the constellation of Perseus, hence the name of the Perseid shower.) Start to look now, as one does not have to wait for the peak of the shower.
This month offers observers opportunities to see impressive celestial sites both day and night; take time during this august month to glimpse the grandeur of the heavens.
Sky Roundup Almanac for August 2017
August 07: Full Moon at 23:12 UT (or, 6:12 p. m. CDT on 08/07)
August 12: Peak of Perseid meteor shower
August 15: Last Quarter Moon at 06:16 UT (or, 1:16 a. m. CDT on 08/15)
August 21: New Moon at 23:31 UT (or, 6:31 p. m. CDT on 08/21); Total eclipse of the Sun.
August 29: First Quarter Moon at 13:14 UT (or, 8:14 a. m. CDT on 08/29)
All almanac events corrected to Daylight Saving Time, Central Time Zone, USA
August 12: Peak of Perseid meteor shower
August 15: Last Quarter Moon at 06:16 UT (or, 1:16 a. m. CDT on 08/15)
August 21: New Moon at 23:31 UT (or, 6:31 p. m. CDT on 08/21); Total eclipse of the Sun.
August 29: First Quarter Moon at 13:14 UT (or, 8:14 a. m. CDT on 08/29)
All almanac events corrected to Daylight Saving Time, Central Time Zone, USA
Sky Roundup for July
Astronomical highlights for the month of July 2017
The Sky in July
Summer starts into full swing and the sky in July offers some summertime treats. Let’s see what appears this month overhead.
Like last month, this month opens with Venus rising in the morning sky ahead of the Sun, and, in the star pattern of Taurus (the Bull). (See this month’s first chart, just below.)
Like last month, this month opens with Venus rising in the morning sky ahead of the Sun, and, in the star pattern of Taurus (the Bull). (See this month’s first chart, just below.)
Like last month and at the same time of morning on the other side of the sky, Saturn stays in Ophiuchus (the Serpent Handler, and, not a Zodiac constellation where planets are typically found). Too, Saturn will be visible before sunup, but sets in southwest by 3:30 a. m. (See this month’s second chart, just below.)
Like last month, note that weak meteor showers, the Ophiuchids (due to their apparent radiant from the star pattern Ophiuchus), may accompany the appearance of Saturn in the pre-dawn sky. For the rest of the month, Saturn will be seen more toward the western side of the sky after midnight; by month’s end, it dips below the southwest horizon well before sunrise.
Mercury remains hidden for most of the month, but emerges barely into evening twilight by the start of the third week. Like last month, Mars is lost in the glare of the Sun and remains hidden all month long.
Jupiter sparkles brightly across the sky in July, still amid Virgo (the Maiden), appearing near its brightest star Spica. On July 1st, the majestic world appears west of the Earth’s Moon, just past First Quarter, in the south-southwest sky by 9:00 p. m. (See the third chart, just below.)
Mercury remains hidden for most of the month, but emerges barely into evening twilight by the start of the third week. Like last month, Mars is lost in the glare of the Sun and remains hidden all month long.
Jupiter sparkles brightly across the sky in July, still amid Virgo (the Maiden), appearing near its brightest star Spica. On July 1st, the majestic world appears west of the Earth’s Moon, just past First Quarter, in the south-southwest sky by 9:00 p. m. (See the third chart, just below.)
Native peoples knew the Moon at full phase this month as the Full Buck Moon, when new antlers sprouted atop the heads of male deer. Too, its full phase was known as the Full Thunder Moon, due to the frequency of severe storms that could quickly break across the landscape.
Besides the lunar apparition with Jupiter on July 1st, on July 6th the waxing gibbous Moon (one day before its full phase) sits above Saturn; both are due south by 11:30 p. m. (See this month’s fourth chart, below.)
Besides the lunar apparition with Jupiter on July 1st, on July 6th the waxing gibbous Moon (one day before its full phase) sits above Saturn; both are due south by 11:30 p. m. (See this month’s fourth chart, below.)
On July 20th and like last month, a slim waning crescent Moon appears in a pleasing apparition with brilliant Venus, which, by month’s end, has traversed Taurus (the Bull); the two appear just above the eastern horizon before dawn by 4:00 a. m. (See fifth chart, just below.) Note that the crescent Moon and white Venus form a neat isosceles triad with orangey Aldebaran, the brightest star and ruddy "eye" of the Bull.
The Earth’s nearest neighbor completes its lunar path around the sky in July with another pairing next to mighty Jupiter on July 28th, above the western horizon by 11:00 p. m. (See this month’s sixth chart, below.)
Often hazy, hot, humid at night across the great Midwest, the sky in July still beckons us outdoors with glittering apparitions to brave that haze, heat, and humidity.
Sky Roundup Almanac for July 2017
July 08: Full Moon at 04:06 UT (or, 11:06 p. m. CDT on 07/07)
July 16: Last Quarter Moon at 19:25 UT (or, 2:25 p. m. CDT on 07/16)
July 23: New Moon at 09:45 UT (or, 4:45 a. m. CDT on 07/23)
July 30: First Quarter Moon at 01:51 UT (or, 7:51 p. m. CDT on 07/29)
All almanac events corrected to Daylight Saving Time, Central Time Zone, USA
Sky Roundup for June
Astronomical highlights for the month of June 2017
Attune to June
This month starts off with usual Springtime temperatures, just right to get out-of-doors and under the night sky. A cool, wet start to Spring now gives way to warming temperatures, as we adjust to the full swing of the season. Let’s see what appears this month overhead.
Like last month, this month opens with Venus rising in the morning sky ahead of the Sun in Pisces (the Fishes). It rises, paired in the sky with Uranus, but both will be just above the horizon before dawn by 4:00 a. m., when they may be high enough to be seen. Of course, distant Uranus will need strong magnification to be glimpsed as a small greenish dot. (See this month’s first chart, just below. The red tick marks point to the area of sky within which the distant planet may be seen.
Like last month, this month opens with Venus rising in the morning sky ahead of the Sun in Pisces (the Fishes). It rises, paired in the sky with Uranus, but both will be just above the horizon before dawn by 4:00 a. m., when they may be high enough to be seen. Of course, distant Uranus will need strong magnification to be glimpsed as a small greenish dot. (See this month’s first chart, just below. The red tick marks point to the area of sky within which the distant planet may be seen.
At the same time of morning on the other side of the sky, Saturn has passed eastward from Sagittarius (the Archer) into Ophiuchus (the Serpent Handler, and, not a Zodiac constellation where planets are typically found). Like last month, Saturn will be visible before sunup all month long; it is seen due south by 2:00 a. m. in the early part of the month. (See this month’s second chart, just below.)
Note that weak meteor showers, the Ophiuchids (due to their apparent radiant from the star pattern Ophiuchus), may accompany the appearance of Saturn in the pre-dawn sky. For the rest of the month, Saturn will be seen more toward the western side of the sky after midnight; by month’s end, it sets in the southwest before sunrise.
Since last month, Mercury has passed from Aries (the Ram) into Taurus (the Bull) but stays hidden in the glare of the Sun for most of the month and only barely clears the horizon by the start of June in the morning sky; it drops from sight by the first week and remains hidden all month long.
Like last month, Mars is becoming lost in the glare of the Sun at sundown, barely visible in Taurus (the Bull) at the start of the month just after sundown; for the rest of the month, just like Mercury, Mars remains hidden.
Jupiter continues to gleam brightly across the night sky in Virgo (the Maiden) appearing near its brightest star Spica. On June 3rd, the largest planet appears just below the Earth’s Moon in the south-southwest sky by 9:00 p. m. (See the third chart, just below.)
Since last month, Mercury has passed from Aries (the Ram) into Taurus (the Bull) but stays hidden in the glare of the Sun for most of the month and only barely clears the horizon by the start of June in the morning sky; it drops from sight by the first week and remains hidden all month long.
Like last month, Mars is becoming lost in the glare of the Sun at sundown, barely visible in Taurus (the Bull) at the start of the month just after sundown; for the rest of the month, just like Mercury, Mars remains hidden.
Jupiter continues to gleam brightly across the night sky in Virgo (the Maiden) appearing near its brightest star Spica. On June 3rd, the largest planet appears just below the Earth’s Moon in the south-southwest sky by 9:00 p. m. (See the third chart, just below.)
Native peoples, such as Algonquin tribes of the Midwest, knew the Moon at full phase this month as the Full Strawberry Moon, owing to the Spring ripening of the tasty red berries.
Besides the lunar apparition with Jupiter on June 3rd, on June 9th the Full Moon sits east of Saturn before midnight; after midnight, on June 10th, both are due south by 1:30 a. m. (See this month’s fourth chart, below.)
Besides the lunar apparition with Jupiter on June 3rd, on June 9th the Full Moon sits east of Saturn before midnight; after midnight, on June 10th, both are due south by 1:30 a. m. (See this month’s fourth chart, below.)
On June 20th and like last month, a slim waning crescent Moon completes its lunar path around the sky with a pleasing apparition with Venus, which, by month’s end has passed from Pisces (the Fishes) into Aries (the Ram); the pair appear just above the eastern horizon before dawn by 4:00 a. m. (See fifth chart, just below.)
Though the Sun sets later each day until the start of the next season at the Summer Solstice, we still have time until then in the season of Spring to adjust our schedule to more and cool nights of pleasant observing.
Sky Roundup Almanac for June 2017
June 01: First Quarter Moon at 12:42 UT (or, 7:42 a. m. CDT on 06/01)
June 09: Full Moon at 13:10 UT (or, 8:10 a. m. CDT on 06/09)
June 17: Last Quarter Moon at 11:33 UT (or, 6:33 a. m. CDT on 06/17)
June 21: Summer Solstice at 04:24 UT (or 11:24 p. m. CDT on 06/20); First day of Summer!
June 24: New Moon at 02:31 UT (or, 9:31 p. m. CDT on 06/23)
All almanac events corrected to Daylight Saving Time, Central Time Zone, USA
June 09: Full Moon at 13:10 UT (or, 8:10 a. m. CDT on 06/09)
June 17: Last Quarter Moon at 11:33 UT (or, 6:33 a. m. CDT on 06/17)
June 21: Summer Solstice at 04:24 UT (or 11:24 p. m. CDT on 06/20); First day of Summer!
June 24: New Moon at 02:31 UT (or, 9:31 p. m. CDT on 06/23)
All almanac events corrected to Daylight Saving Time, Central Time Zone, USA
Sky Roundup for May
Astronomical highlights for the month of May 2017
May Be All Right
With all the rain last month, April has lived up to its folklore name. And this month ought not disappoint with the arrival of May flowers. Already, red tulips, yellow daffodils, and violet-blue glory-of-the-snow have sprouted in recent weeks, giving an eyeful of vibrant color before the other Spring blooms begin to appear.
Let’s see what appears this month overhead.
Mars is only just visible in Taurus (the Bull) at the start of the month just after sundown and will a challenge to spot with a binocular in civil twilight. (See the first chart, just below.)
Let’s see what appears this month overhead.
Mars is only just visible in Taurus (the Bull) at the start of the month just after sundown and will a challenge to spot with a binocular in civil twilight. (See the first chart, just below.)
Like the last several months, Jupiter dominates the night sky in Virgo (the Maiden) still above (as seen in the sky) its brightest star Spica, due south by 11:00 p. m. (See the second chart, just below.)
Saturn, still in Sagittarius (the Archer), is also seen due south (before by 4 a. m.) at the start of the month, but later than Jupiter. Seeing planets "due south" is a convenient way to know when they are highest in the sky. Like the Sun, which is seen highest in the sky every day at noon, planets are also seen highest above the local horizon, at some point in time every day for us in the Northern Hemisphere, as we gaze south to observe the planets. Of course, like last month, Saturn will remain in the pre-dawn sky all month long. (See this month’s third chart, just below.)
Venus rises into the morning sky ahead of the Sun in Pisces (the Fishes). It stays close to the horizon and will be treat in a good binocular or small telescope; by month’s end, it will rise, paired in the sky with Uranus, but both will be close to the horizon by 4:00 a. m., when they may be high enough to be seen. Of course, distant Uranus will need strong magnification to be glimpsed as a small greenish dot. (See this month’s fourth chart, just below. The red tick marks point to the area of sky where the distant planet can be seen.)
Mercury in Aries (the Ram) stays hidden in the glare of the Sun for most of the month and only barely clears the horizon by the last week of May in the morning sky.
Keeping with the known theme of folklore for the month of May, the Moon at full phase this month is known by its native name of the Full Flower Moon. Other names include Milk Moon and Full Corn Planting Moon, the latter name of which should be an obvious indication that farm fields and vegetable gardens ought to be prepared for planting crops.
On May 7th, a waxing gibbous Moon sits east of Jupiter, due south, by 11:00 p. m. (See this month’s fifth chart, just below.)
Keeping with the known theme of folklore for the month of May, the Moon at full phase this month is known by its native name of the Full Flower Moon. Other names include Milk Moon and Full Corn Planting Moon, the latter name of which should be an obvious indication that farm fields and vegetable gardens ought to be prepared for planting crops.
On May 7th, a waxing gibbous Moon sits east of Jupiter, due south, by 11:00 p. m. (See this month’s fifth chart, just below.)
On May 14th, the waning gibbous Moon sits east of Saturn, due south, at 3:30 a. m. (See sixth chart, below.)
On May 22nd, a slim waning crescent Moon makes a pleasing apparition with Venus just above the eastern horizon before dawn below bright Venus by 5:00 a. m. (See seventh chart, below. Note that Mercury hugs the horizon, too.)
More flowers will push out and point skyward over the coming weeks. Take a tip from May flowers; push out a ‘scope and point it skyward as well. To do so, it just may be all right.
Sky Roundup Almanac for May 2017
May 03: First Quarter Moon at 02:47 UT (or, 9:47 p. m. CDT on 05/02)
May 10: Full Moon at 21:42 UT (or, 4:42 p. m. CDT on 05/10)
May 19: Last Quarter Moon at 00:33 UT (or, 7:33 p. m. CDT on 05/18)
May 26: New Moon at 19:44 UT (or, 2:44 p. m. CDT on 05/26)
All almanac events corrected to Daylight Saving Time, Central Time Zone, USA
May 10: Full Moon at 21:42 UT (or, 4:42 p. m. CDT on 05/10)
May 19: Last Quarter Moon at 00:33 UT (or, 7:33 p. m. CDT on 05/18)
May 26: New Moon at 19:44 UT (or, 2:44 p. m. CDT on 05/26)
All almanac events corrected to Daylight Saving Time, Central Time Zone, USA
Sky Roundup for April
Astronomical highlights for the month of April 2017
Rain Can Be a Pain
Of course we need rain. At this time of year, it’s both an expected necessity and a folklore mainstay that the great Midwest gets drenched with showers. When the skies clear then we set up to observe. That’s how it also seems to be this time every year: we get out under the stars in Spring when the chance springs upon us.
Let’s chance to see what’s looking up when rain is not coming down.
Mercury and Mars sit in the small constellation of Aries (the Ram) at the start of the month just after sundown, though both small planets may be difficult to see without strong optical aid in civil twilight.
Even more difficult to see just after sundown, but still in the same patch of sky, is the asteroid Ceres. Now a dwarf planet, first discovered by Italian astronomer Giuseppe Piazzi on January 1, 1801, the asteroid’s anniversary of its date of discovery falls on April Fool’s Day (or April 1st), a mere 216.25 years ago. No joke!
Just as serious as the observations of Ceres, Piazzi also made other discoveries and catalogued many stars. (See the first chart, just below, for this month. The red tick-marks show the approximate location within which to locate Ceres, but only with a large telescope.)
Let’s chance to see what’s looking up when rain is not coming down.
Mercury and Mars sit in the small constellation of Aries (the Ram) at the start of the month just after sundown, though both small planets may be difficult to see without strong optical aid in civil twilight.
Even more difficult to see just after sundown, but still in the same patch of sky, is the asteroid Ceres. Now a dwarf planet, first discovered by Italian astronomer Giuseppe Piazzi on January 1, 1801, the asteroid’s anniversary of its date of discovery falls on April Fool’s Day (or April 1st), a mere 216.25 years ago. No joke!
Just as serious as the observations of Ceres, Piazzi also made other discoveries and catalogued many stars. (See the first chart, just below, for this month. The red tick-marks show the approximate location within which to locate Ceres, but only with a large telescope.)
Like last month, Jupiter, shines brightly (in Virgo, the Maiden) above (as seen in the sky) its brightest star Spica, due south by 1:30 a. m. (See the second chart, just below.)
Saturn (in Sagittarius, the Archer) is seen south-southeast (before by 5 a. m.) amid pretty summertime star clusters, (including the large globular cluster M22) before sunup. (See this month’s third chart, just below.)
Venus has crossed into the morning sky (from last month's evening apparition) and rises ahead of the Sun in Pisces (the Fishes). It hugs the horizon at mid-month and can likely be viewed well enough with a good binocular; by month’s end, it will rise earlier ahead of the Sun, placing it slightly higher in the sky before dawn.
Note that planet Neptune, in neighboring Aquarius (the Water-Bearer), parallels Venus’s relative height above the horizon in pre-dawn twilight. Prior to sunup, it will be difficult to spot without excessive optical aid from a large telescope. (See this month’s fourth chart, just below; the red tick-marks show the approximate location within which to locate Neptune.)
Note that planet Neptune, in neighboring Aquarius (the Water-Bearer), parallels Venus’s relative height above the horizon in pre-dawn twilight. Prior to sunup, it will be difficult to spot without excessive optical aid from a large telescope. (See this month’s fourth chart, just below; the red tick-marks show the approximate location within which to locate Neptune.)
The Moon at full phase this month is known by its native name of the Full Pink Moon, perhaps due to the proliferation of the pink perennial known as phlox in springtime.
On April 5th, a waxing gibbous Moon sits below the open cluster, M44, the Beehive Cluster (aka the “Praesepe”) in the west-southwest before midnight. (See this month’s fifth chart, just below.)
On April 5th, a waxing gibbous Moon sits below the open cluster, M44, the Beehive Cluster (aka the “Praesepe”) in the west-southwest before midnight. (See this month’s fifth chart, just below.)
On April 11th, the Full Moon stands due south just east of Jupiter after midnight. (See sixth chart, below.)
On April 16th (or, Easter Sunday, the date of which is determined by the Full Moon) the waning gibbous Moon stands due south just above and west of Saturn by 5:00 a. m. (See seventh chart, below.)
On April 23rd, a very slim waning crescent Moon hugs the eastern horizon before dawn below bright Venus by 5:00 a. m. (See eighth chart, below.)
Keep a ‘scope or a binocular handy all this month to run outside between raindrops. If it rains only by day, that’s fine, as we may then chance a glimpse of skies at night.
Sky Roundup Almanac for April 2017
April 03: First Quarter Moon at 16:39 UT (or, 1:39 p. m. CDT on 04/03)
April 11: Full Moon at 6:08 UT (or, 1:08 a. m. CDT on 04/11)
April 19: Last Quarter Moon at 9:56 UT (or, 04:56 a. m. CDT on 04/19)
April 26: New Moon at 12:16 UT (or, 7:16 a. m. CDT on 04/26)
All almanac events corrected to Daylight Saving Time, Central Time Zone, USA
April 11: Full Moon at 6:08 UT (or, 1:08 a. m. CDT on 04/11)
April 19: Last Quarter Moon at 9:56 UT (or, 04:56 a. m. CDT on 04/19)
April 26: New Moon at 12:16 UT (or, 7:16 a. m. CDT on 04/26)
All almanac events corrected to Daylight Saving Time, Central Time Zone, USA
Sky Roundup for March
Astronomical highlights for the month of March 2017
March Through the Stars
Just about every month, any given installment of Sky Roundup sketches out where to find the planets in the night sky, and, their relative position to the horizon or other celestial sights. Occasionally, other aspects, such as comets and nebulae are presented as well.
This month, the coming Spring weather allows us the chance to see the transition from a Winter’s night sky to the Summer’s night sky. To glimpse that span of seasonal change, one has merely to observe the sky after dusk in Spring to see the passing of Winter’s constellations; one has merely to view the sky before dawn in Spring to see the arrival of Summer’s constellations.
This is the same way to glimpse the change of any season in the night sky. Here’s how it works: In any given season, if you want to see the prior season’s nighttime stars, observe early in the evening and toward their setting in the west; if you want to see the next season’s nighttime stars, observe early in the morning and toward their rising in the east. That is, the stars you see in the sky before sunrise in one season are the same stars you’ll see after sunset one season later.
The stars we see this season of Spring (which "officially" gets underway this month with the astronomical start of the season on March 20) show the better-known constellations of Winter, namely, Orion (the Hunter), Canis Minor (Little Dog), and Canis Major (Great Dog), all heading to the western horizon after sundown (but before 12 midnight). The bright stars in each of these patterns, namely, Betelgeuse, Procyon, and Sirius, form the Winter Triangle, a favorite cold-weather asterism. Not the only star patterns to be seen, the bright stars in these constellations are more conspicuous for urban and suburban observers. (See the first three-panel chart, below, as each star in the Winter Triangle has a target to identify it.)
This month, the coming Spring weather allows us the chance to see the transition from a Winter’s night sky to the Summer’s night sky. To glimpse that span of seasonal change, one has merely to observe the sky after dusk in Spring to see the passing of Winter’s constellations; one has merely to view the sky before dawn in Spring to see the arrival of Summer’s constellations.
This is the same way to glimpse the change of any season in the night sky. Here’s how it works: In any given season, if you want to see the prior season’s nighttime stars, observe early in the evening and toward their setting in the west; if you want to see the next season’s nighttime stars, observe early in the morning and toward their rising in the east. That is, the stars you see in the sky before sunrise in one season are the same stars you’ll see after sunset one season later.
The stars we see this season of Spring (which "officially" gets underway this month with the astronomical start of the season on March 20) show the better-known constellations of Winter, namely, Orion (the Hunter), Canis Minor (Little Dog), and Canis Major (Great Dog), all heading to the western horizon after sundown (but before 12 midnight). The bright stars in each of these patterns, namely, Betelgeuse, Procyon, and Sirius, form the Winter Triangle, a favorite cold-weather asterism. Not the only star patterns to be seen, the bright stars in these constellations are more conspicuous for urban and suburban observers. (See the first three-panel chart, below, as each star in the Winter Triangle has a target to identify it.)
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To complement this asterism, one can look to the east before sunup (but after 3 a. m.) in Spring to glimpse the renowned constellations of Summer, namely, Cygnus (the Swan), Lyra (the Harp), and Aquila (the Eagle). The bright stars in each of these constellations, namely, Deneb, Vega, and Altair, form the Summer Triangle, a favorite warm-weather asterism. Again, not the only star patterns to be seen, the bright stars in these constellations are more conspicuous for urban and suburban observers. (See second three-panel chart, below, as each star in the Summer Triangle has a target to identify it as well.) So, as our gaze marches through the stars this month, the two sets of asterisms flank either side of the entire Spring sky.
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The stately march through the stars also brings this month’s parade of planets. Like last month, Jupiter, shines brightly (in Virgo, the Maiden) near its brightest star Spica, heading to the western horizon (by 5 a. m.) before sunrise. (See the third chart, just below.)
Mercury (in Sagittarius, the Archer) stays hidden in the glare of the Sun, but emerges into the western sky at sunset by month’s end, just crossing from Pisces (the Fishes) into Aries (the Ram), though difficult to see without strong optical aid in civil twilight, so no chart to show it this month.
Saturn (now in Sagittarius, the Archer) has crossed east from Ophiuchus (the Serpent Handler) and is seen south-southeast (before 6 a. m.) by sunup. (See this month’s fourth chart, just below.)
Saturn (now in Sagittarius, the Archer) has crossed east from Ophiuchus (the Serpent Handler) and is seen south-southeast (before 6 a. m.) by sunup. (See this month’s fourth chart, just below.)
Venus and Mars are still found in the western sky for the start of the month. Both in Pisces (the Fishes), coincidentally they are joined by Uranus and a slim waxing crescent Moon (before 8 p. m.) after sunset. (See fifth chart, below, with the location of Uranus flanked by the red tick marks.)
The Moon’s bright full phase this month is known by its native and colonial name of the Full Worm Moon, with the anticipation of early birds, such as robins, returning to the greening ground in search of worms.
That grouping in the western sky on March 1st is just one of the pairings of our Moon with the planets as it makes its own march through the stars. Other apparitions of the Moon this month include March 4th, when the waxing Moon will occult, or hide, orange Aldebaran, the brightest star in Taurus (the Bull), starting just after 7 p. m. in the south-southeast sky. (See this month’s sixth chart, next below, for a telescopic view of Aldebaran just prior to its occultation by the Moon.)
That grouping in the western sky on March 1st is just one of the pairings of our Moon with the planets as it makes its own march through the stars. Other apparitions of the Moon this month include March 4th, when the waxing Moon will occult, or hide, orange Aldebaran, the brightest star in Taurus (the Bull), starting just after 7 p. m. in the south-southeast sky. (See this month’s sixth chart, next below, for a telescopic view of Aldebaran just prior to its occultation by the Moon.)
On March 14th, a waning gibbous Moon (just past its full phase) stands just west of Jupiter in the western sky in civil twilight before sunrise. (See this month’s seventh chart, just below, and note the radiants of two meteor showers, known as the Virginids, which can peak during this month but have few meteors to see.)
By March 20th, the Last Quarter Moon stands above Saturn nearly due south by 6 a. m. in the pre-dawn sky. (See this month’s eighth chart, just below.)
Like the start of the month, on March 29th, a slim waxing crescent once again appears low in the western sky just after sunset, positioned with Mercury in Pisces (the Fishes) and Mars in Aries (the Ram); Venus hides near the Sun and Uranus is fairly lost in evening twilight. (See the ninth chart, below.)
With the long march across the Great Lakes of a relatively mild winter coming to an end, it’s a fine start to the season of Spring, just to step outside on the next clear night and begin your own march through the stars.
Sky Roundup Almanac for March 2017
March 05: First Quarter Moon at 11:32 UT (or, 5:32 a. m. CST on 03/05)
March 12: Full Moon at 14:54 UT (or, 8:54 a. m. CST on 03/12);
Daylight Saving Time begins on Sunday, March 12, at 2:00 a. m. Set clocks ahead one hour.
March 20: Last Quarter Moon at 15:58 UT (or, 10:58 a. m. CDT on 03/20);
Vernal Equinox, first day of Spring at 5:29 a. m. CDT.
March 28: New Moon at 02:57 UT (or, 9:57 p. m. CDT on 03/27)
All almanac events corrected to Standard Time and Daylight Saving Time, Central Time Zone, USA
March 12: Full Moon at 14:54 UT (or, 8:54 a. m. CST on 03/12);
Daylight Saving Time begins on Sunday, March 12, at 2:00 a. m. Set clocks ahead one hour.
March 20: Last Quarter Moon at 15:58 UT (or, 10:58 a. m. CDT on 03/20);
Vernal Equinox, first day of Spring at 5:29 a. m. CDT.
March 28: New Moon at 02:57 UT (or, 9:57 p. m. CDT on 03/27)
All almanac events corrected to Standard Time and Daylight Saving Time, Central Time Zone, USA
Sky Roundup for February
Astronomical highlights for the month of February 2017
This Month Does Not Come Up Short
This month does not lack for good things to see in the night sky. Provided the sky is short of clouds most of the month, we can stand tall on cold evenings and in wee hours to look long at a few fine celestial sights.
February gets underway with the largest planet, mighty Jupiter, shining brightly (in Virgo, the Maiden), well past due south before dawn on the first day of the month. It rises earlier after midnight in the east-southeast sky, poised above the star Spica, and is visible all month long before dawn. (See the first chart, just below.)
February gets underway with the largest planet, mighty Jupiter, shining brightly (in Virgo, the Maiden), well past due south before dawn on the first day of the month. It rises earlier after midnight in the east-southeast sky, poised above the star Spica, and is visible all month long before dawn. (See the first chart, just below.)
Also at dawn, the smallest planet Mercury (in Sagittarius, the Archer) and the prettiest planet, ringed Saturn, (in Ophiuchus, the Serpent-Handler) greet the shortest month of the year in the southeast sky. (See this month’s second chart, just below.) By mid-month, Mercury is lost in the glare of the Sun, while Saturn stays steadfast, rising higher in the pre-dawn south-southeast sky.
Also by the start of the month, both brilliant Venus and pale Mars are found along the south side of Pisces (the Fishes). That line-up in the western sky is joined by the waxing crescent Moon, two hours after sunset on the first evening of the month. (See this month’s third chart, just below.) Its bright full phase this month is known by its native name of the Full Snow Moon, with the expectation that February is usually snowy. That snow might be too deep to find game to hunt, it was also known as the Full Hunger Moon.
Other apparitions of the Moon this month include February 5th, when the waxing gibbous Moon sits just east of orange Aldebaran, the brightest star in Taurus (the Bull), due south by 8:00 p. m. (See this month’s fourth chart, just below.) Note nearby the star cluster labeled M45, which is known better as the Pleiades, a jewel-like open cluster of bright stars and a fine wintertime sight in a binocular or small cluster. (See this month’s fifth chart, next below, for a magnified view of this cluster as seen with optical aid.)
UPDATE: Not to leave out the prospect of more to see in this short month, the Moon will be in eclipse on February 10-11. This is penumbral eclipse, which means the light of the Full Moon will only be partly diminished, as our nearest celestial neighbor passes through the outer shadow (i.e., the penumbra) of Earth, as that shadow is cast in outer space. Because the Moon at its full phase is fairly bright, it may be difficult to see any significant diminution of its light; nevertheless, it is worth to note its worldwide extent of visibility and to try to detect whether its brightness will be visually diminished. More on those aspects at this link. The start of this eclipse will not be visible in the Great Lakes region; however, its maximum will be visible and will occur at approximately 6:45 p. m., February 10th (see Almanac, below).
On February 15th, a waning gibbous Moon passes north of Jupiter, due south at 4:00 a. m. in the pre-dawn sky. (See this month’s sixth chart, just below.)
By February 20th, a slim waning crescent Moon is poised above Saturn by 4 a. m. in the pre-dawn southeast sky. (See this month’s seventh chart, just below.) Note the positions of several open star clusters (marked by their Messier labels) in the vicinity but nearer to the horizon, and, requiring optical aid to see clearly.
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On February 28th, a slim waxing crescent appears low in the western sky just after sunset, positioned in Pisces (the Fishes) amid the planets Venus, Mars, and Uranus. (See this eighth’s eighth chart, at left; within the red tick marks one can spot Uranus through a modest telescope or big binocular.) A neat array of celestial delights does not disappoint and closes out this short month.
Make the most of the few nights that may be clear in this typically cloudy or snowy month. It may be the shortest month, but it can be certainly worth it to brave the elements, even for a short while, to gaze long at the splendors of the nighttime winter sky. |
Sky Roundup Almanac for February 2017
February 04: First Quarter Moon at 04:19 UT (or, 10:19 p. m. CST on 02/03
February 11: Full Moon at 00:33 UT (or, 6:33 p. m. CST on 02/10);
Penumbral eclipse of the Moon; maximum eclipse at 00:43 UT (or, 6:43 p. m. on 02/10)
February 18: Last Quarter Moon at 19:33 UT (or, 1:33 p. m. CST on 02/18)
February 26: New Moon at 14:58 UT (or, 8:58 a. m. CST on 02/26)
All almanac events corrected to Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA
February 11: Full Moon at 00:33 UT (or, 6:33 p. m. CST on 02/10);
Penumbral eclipse of the Moon; maximum eclipse at 00:43 UT (or, 6:43 p. m. on 02/10)
February 18: Last Quarter Moon at 19:33 UT (or, 1:33 p. m. CST on 02/18)
February 26: New Moon at 14:58 UT (or, 8:58 a. m. CST on 02/26)
All almanac events corrected to Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA
Sky Roundup for January
Astronomical highlights for the month of January 2017
It Begins
Another rewarding year in night-sky observing starts today, the first day of the New Year. This year 2017 starts the tenth year that this column is hosted online; so, we start a fresh tab of Sky Roundup this year. No year-end review needed of the year just past, as you can find it and all earlier celestial happenings re-located under the tab labeled Sky Archive. There you can find the past monthly installments of Sky Roundup.
If you scroll down all the way to the bottom of that page under Sky Archive, that lengthy page alone goes back to September 2010, when this masthead version of Sky Roundup was first launched. The first two years of Sky Roundup were hosted under the auspices of the Cleveland Museum of Natural History. The third year was carried under a different masthead which is no longer supported at this website; however, all original installments for all years are still retained in a separate off-site archive.
With that nod to years past, let’s now look to the present month. In the western sky after sunset, bright-white Venus moves though Aquarius (the Water-Bearer) by the start of the month, where it met pale-orange Mars at the close of the old year. Both appear with a slim, waxing crescent of the Moon. (See this month’s first chart, next below.) By month’s end, both planets have traversed into Pisces, one constellation to the east.
If you scroll down all the way to the bottom of that page under Sky Archive, that lengthy page alone goes back to September 2010, when this masthead version of Sky Roundup was first launched. The first two years of Sky Roundup were hosted under the auspices of the Cleveland Museum of Natural History. The third year was carried under a different masthead which is no longer supported at this website; however, all original installments for all years are still retained in a separate off-site archive.
With that nod to years past, let’s now look to the present month. In the western sky after sunset, bright-white Venus moves though Aquarius (the Water-Bearer) by the start of the month, where it met pale-orange Mars at the close of the old year. Both appear with a slim, waxing crescent of the Moon. (See this month’s first chart, next below.) By month’s end, both planets have traversed into Pisces, one constellation to the east.
Like last month, bright Jupiter (in Virgo, the Maiden), from start to finish this month like last month, rises just after midnight in the east-southeast sky, poised above the star Spica. (See this month’s second chart, next below.) Always a treat in a telescope to monitor the progress of its four largest moons, the Galilean satellites, as they round the giant planet, crossing its visible disk or moving behind it from our line of sight.
Hot, tiny Mercury (in Sagittarius, the Archer) and distant, ringed Saturn (in Ophiuchus, the Serpent-Handler) still hug the horizon at dawn at the start of the month, but by mid-month are far enough above it to be seen fairly close together in morning twilight. (See this month’s third chart, just below.) By month’s end, Saturn rises higher as Mercury hugs the horizon. (See this month’s fourth chart, next below.)
The bright full phase of the Moon this month is known by its native name of the Full Wolf Moon, no doubt for the sound of howling wolves on the prowl by moonlight in the cold of January. To native peoples, it was also known as the Moon After Yule.
On the evening of New Year’s Day, the slim crescent Moon, just past its New phase, stands just west of Venus after sunset, low near the west-southwest horizon. (See this month’s first chart again, above).
On January 18th, the waning gibbous Moon sits just west of Jupiter. Both are due south at 5:00 a. m. before morning twilight. (See this month’s fifth chart, just below.)
On the evening of New Year’s Day, the slim crescent Moon, just past its New phase, stands just west of Venus after sunset, low near the west-southwest horizon. (See this month’s first chart again, above).
On January 18th, the waning gibbous Moon sits just west of Jupiter. Both are due south at 5:00 a. m. before morning twilight. (See this month’s fifth chart, just below.)
On January 24th, a very slim waning crescent Moon sits above Saturn in the pre-dawn southeastern sky. Note Mercury, close to the horizon. (See this month’s sixth chart, just below.)
By January 31st, the Moon has passed its unseen new phase and appears as a slim waxing crescent Moon just below and between Mars and Venus in the southwestern sky in a pleasing apparition, after sunset, to close out the first month of the New Year. (See this month’s seventh chart, just below.)
Of course the new year begins with all of the familiar lights of the night sky, but we welcome the chance to see it all start again afresh.
Sky Roundup Almanac for January 2017
January 05: First Quarter Moon at 19:47 UT (or, 1:47 p. m. CST on 01/05)
January 12: Full Moon at 11:34 UT (or, 5:34 a. m. CST on 01/12)
January 19 Last Quarter Moon at 22:13 UT (or, 4:13 p. m. CST on 01/19)
January 28: New Moon at 00:07 UT (or, 6:07 p. m. CST on 01/27)
All almanac events corrected to Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA
January 12: Full Moon at 11:34 UT (or, 5:34 a. m. CST on 01/12)
January 19 Last Quarter Moon at 22:13 UT (or, 4:13 p. m. CST on 01/19)
January 28: New Moon at 00:07 UT (or, 6:07 p. m. CST on 01/27)
All almanac events corrected to Standard Time, Central Time Zone, USA
Note: The earlier installments (below) are now relocated to the Sky Archive. The remainder here will be cleared in due time.
Sky Roundup for December
Astronomical highlights for the month of December 2013
The Night Before Christmas
Since 2009, Roy Kaelin’s installment of Sky Roundup for December has started with his parody of "A Visit of St. Nicholas" and that little tradition continues this year. With apologies to Clement Clark Moore
‘Twas the night before Christmas,
When all through his house
A stargazer was stirring, clicking his mouse;
His mounting set up in the backyard with care,
In hopes that clearing skies soon would be there.
He could’ve been nestled all snug in his bed,
But visions of nebulae danced in his head;
And grabbing a kerchief to dust a lens from its cap,
He caffeined his brain to shun a long winter’s nap--
When out on the lawn there arose such a clatter,
He sprang from his chair to see what was the matter:
Away to his set-up he flew like a flash,
Hoping his ‘scope didn’t loosen and crash.
The moon, on the breast of new-fallen snow,
Gave a luster of mid-day to objects, ya’ know:
When, what to his wandering eyes should appear,
But a case full of eyepieces amid his old gear;
Fellow geeks always bought these, so lively and quick,
He knew in a moment they’d all be heartsick.
More lenses he now owned and savored his claim,
And he whistled, and shouted, and called them by name--
“Now, Brandon! now, Nagler! now, Ethos! and Vixen!
No coma! Flat fields! Star parties I’m blitzin’;
To the top of each planet, to the top of Straight Wall,
I’ll dash to see nebulae, faraway all!”
He gathered his new gear, so pleased he might cry,
And carried all to his ‘scope, its mount to the sky,
So, up past his house-top his ‘scope aimed anew,
A case full of lenses—and such neat stuff too.
With stars all a-twinkling from heat off the roof,
The night sky unveiled its warp and its woof;
As he drew up a chair, and was turning around,
Down next to his ‘scope the ‘gazer came with a bound.
His parka lined in fur
From his head to his foot,
And his clothes came all furnished
With pockets to boot:
This new bunch of toys
He now kept near his back,
And he thrilled like a youngster
As he opened his pack;
His eyes how they twinkled!
Each eyepiece how merry--
Were just what he wanted,
Whence they came he was wary;
Ev’ry ocular gleamed
Each drawn up with a bow,
Who could’ve left them and
Left no tracks in the snow?
He thought for a bit
Of this season of year,
And thought it unlikely he’d
Earned such good cheer.
Still he was thankful
And humbled quite by it;
He vowed to do better
And stay on a diet.
He was chubby and plump--
His right jolly old self;
From too much late snacking
In spite of himself.
A wink of his eye,
And a twist of his head,
Soon gave him to know
Where each eyepiece might thread.
He spoke not a word,
But went straight to his work,
And logged all his sightings:
Then turned with a jerk,
And laying his pencil
Aside of his prose,
And giving a nod,
To his warm room he rose.
He sprang to its desk,
Jotted notes in a whistle,
And away he then flew
To look through a Plössl:
But all heard him exclaim
Ere he gazed in the night,
“Merry Christmas to all,
And to all A Clear Night.”
Since 2009, Roy Kaelin’s installment of Sky Roundup for December has started with his parody of "A Visit of St. Nicholas" and that little tradition continues this year. With apologies to Clement Clark Moore
‘Twas the night before Christmas,
When all through his house
A stargazer was stirring, clicking his mouse;
His mounting set up in the backyard with care,
In hopes that clearing skies soon would be there.
He could’ve been nestled all snug in his bed,
But visions of nebulae danced in his head;
And grabbing a kerchief to dust a lens from its cap,
He caffeined his brain to shun a long winter’s nap--
When out on the lawn there arose such a clatter,
He sprang from his chair to see what was the matter:
Away to his set-up he flew like a flash,
Hoping his ‘scope didn’t loosen and crash.
The moon, on the breast of new-fallen snow,
Gave a luster of mid-day to objects, ya’ know:
When, what to his wandering eyes should appear,
But a case full of eyepieces amid his old gear;
Fellow geeks always bought these, so lively and quick,
He knew in a moment they’d all be heartsick.
More lenses he now owned and savored his claim,
And he whistled, and shouted, and called them by name--
“Now, Brandon! now, Nagler! now, Ethos! and Vixen!
No coma! Flat fields! Star parties I’m blitzin’;
To the top of each planet, to the top of Straight Wall,
I’ll dash to see nebulae, faraway all!”
He gathered his new gear, so pleased he might cry,
And carried all to his ‘scope, its mount to the sky,
So, up past his house-top his ‘scope aimed anew,
A case full of lenses—and such neat stuff too.
With stars all a-twinkling from heat off the roof,
The night sky unveiled its warp and its woof;
As he drew up a chair, and was turning around,
Down next to his ‘scope the ‘gazer came with a bound.
His parka lined in fur
From his head to his foot,
And his clothes came all furnished
With pockets to boot:
This new bunch of toys
He now kept near his back,
And he thrilled like a youngster
As he opened his pack;
His eyes how they twinkled!
Each eyepiece how merry--
Were just what he wanted,
Whence they came he was wary;
Ev’ry ocular gleamed
Each drawn up with a bow,
Who could’ve left them and
Left no tracks in the snow?
He thought for a bit
Of this season of year,
And thought it unlikely he’d
Earned such good cheer.
Still he was thankful
And humbled quite by it;
He vowed to do better
And stay on a diet.
He was chubby and plump--
His right jolly old self;
From too much late snacking
In spite of himself.
A wink of his eye,
And a twist of his head,
Soon gave him to know
Where each eyepiece might thread.
He spoke not a word,
But went straight to his work,
And logged all his sightings:
Then turned with a jerk,
And laying his pencil
Aside of his prose,
And giving a nod,
To his warm room he rose.
He sprang to its desk,
Jotted notes in a whistle,
And away he then flew
To look through a Plössl:
But all heard him exclaim
Ere he gazed in the night,
“Merry Christmas to all,
And to all A Clear Night.”
Sky Roundup Almanac for December 2013
December 03: New Moon at 00:22 UT (or 6:22 p.m. CST on 12/02)
December 09: First Quarter Moon at 15:12 UT (or 9:12 p.m. CST on 12/09)
December 17: Full Moon at 9:28 UT (or 3:28 a.m. CST on 11/17); peak of Leonid meteor shower
December 21: Winter solstice in Northern Hemisphere at 17:11 UT (or 11:11 a.m. on 12/21)
December 25: Last Quarter at 13:48 UT (or 7:48 a.m. CST on 11/25)
December 09: First Quarter Moon at 15:12 UT (or 9:12 p.m. CST on 12/09)
December 17: Full Moon at 9:28 UT (or 3:28 a.m. CST on 11/17); peak of Leonid meteor shower
December 21: Winter solstice in Northern Hemisphere at 17:11 UT (or 11:11 a.m. on 12/21)
December 25: Last Quarter at 13:48 UT (or 7:48 a.m. CST on 11/25)
Sky Roundup for November
Astronomical highlights for the month of November 2013
Thankful for Dark Skies
Now that Daylight Saving Time ends (during the first weekend of November), night will seem to descend swiftly, so the binoculars and telescopes can come out all the quicker than they might’ve just evenings earlier. Here’s a quick rundown of the sights in the sky to be thankful to see this month.
Giant Jupiter rises by midnight at the start of the month and stays in Gemini (the Twins) all month long. And, like last month, Mars appears in the pre-dawn sky, but moves from Leo (the Lion) into Virgo (the Maiden).
By mid-month, brilliant white Venus spends all month moving through Sagittarius (the Archer). The pretty planet reaches its greatest eastern elongation, that is, its greatest angular distance east of the Sun as seen from Earth, at the start of the month. But look for this apparition in the western sky after sundown. Since Venus appears east of the Sun, this is called an eastern elongation.
Earth’s cosmic companion, the Moon, will cast its shadow earthward on Nov. 3rd with a unique hybrid solar eclipse. The Moon will blot out the Sun, but not fully, as its shadow races across Earth’s surface. Its path of totality, that is, where the solar eclipse can be seen on Earth, runs mostly over open ocean and through central Africa but is not visible in the American Midwest.
The solar eclipse is called a hybrid, since the Moon’s silhouette will be seen totally blotting out the Sun along part of its path of totality, but not as much along the rest of its path; along part of that path, a ring, or annulus, of sunlight will be visible around the Moon, which then makes for an annular eclipse. So, the path of totality shows two types of solar eclipses, hence the hybrid name.
When the Moon’s full this month, it is known as the Beaver Moon, since, by American Indian tradition, November was the time to set beaver traps before swamps froze, to ensure a supply of warm winter furs. Owing to the seasonal weather, our lunar neighbor is also called the Frost Moon.
And, if the weather cooperates and stays clear at the middle of the month, it may be possible to glimpse the Leonid meteor shower well after midnight; unfortunately, the light of that full Frost Moon may be too bright to see many meteors streaming from the radiant of the constellation Leo.
Still, it’ll be grand just the same to be out and about among the night-sky wonders, which is something for which we can be thankful.
Giant Jupiter rises by midnight at the start of the month and stays in Gemini (the Twins) all month long. And, like last month, Mars appears in the pre-dawn sky, but moves from Leo (the Lion) into Virgo (the Maiden).
By mid-month, brilliant white Venus spends all month moving through Sagittarius (the Archer). The pretty planet reaches its greatest eastern elongation, that is, its greatest angular distance east of the Sun as seen from Earth, at the start of the month. But look for this apparition in the western sky after sundown. Since Venus appears east of the Sun, this is called an eastern elongation.
Earth’s cosmic companion, the Moon, will cast its shadow earthward on Nov. 3rd with a unique hybrid solar eclipse. The Moon will blot out the Sun, but not fully, as its shadow races across Earth’s surface. Its path of totality, that is, where the solar eclipse can be seen on Earth, runs mostly over open ocean and through central Africa but is not visible in the American Midwest.
The solar eclipse is called a hybrid, since the Moon’s silhouette will be seen totally blotting out the Sun along part of its path of totality, but not as much along the rest of its path; along part of that path, a ring, or annulus, of sunlight will be visible around the Moon, which then makes for an annular eclipse. So, the path of totality shows two types of solar eclipses, hence the hybrid name.
When the Moon’s full this month, it is known as the Beaver Moon, since, by American Indian tradition, November was the time to set beaver traps before swamps froze, to ensure a supply of warm winter furs. Owing to the seasonal weather, our lunar neighbor is also called the Frost Moon.
And, if the weather cooperates and stays clear at the middle of the month, it may be possible to glimpse the Leonid meteor shower well after midnight; unfortunately, the light of that full Frost Moon may be too bright to see many meteors streaming from the radiant of the constellation Leo.
Still, it’ll be grand just the same to be out and about among the night-sky wonders, which is something for which we can be thankful.
Sky Roundup Almanac for November 2013
November 03: Daylight Saving Time ends at 2:00 a.m.; set clocks back one hour; New Moon at 12:51 UT (or 6:51 a.m. CST on 11/03)
November 09: First Quarter Moon at 05:58 UT (or 11:58 p.m. CST on 11/09)
November 17: Full Moon at 15:16 UT (or 9:16 a.m. CST on 11/17); peak of Leonid meteor shower
November 25: Last Quarter at 19:29 UT (or 1:29 p.m. CST on 11/25)
November 09: First Quarter Moon at 05:58 UT (or 11:58 p.m. CST on 11/09)
November 17: Full Moon at 15:16 UT (or 9:16 a.m. CST on 11/17); peak of Leonid meteor shower
November 25: Last Quarter at 19:29 UT (or 1:29 p.m. CST on 11/25)
Sky Roundup for October
Astronomical highlights for the month of October 2013
Warm to the Fall
Slightly warmer weather than usual for this time of year, the start of Autumn beckons us to venture out under starry skies in October. Not unpredictable or uncommon, the warm evening temperatures start their seasonal dance with colder air from the north; so, we get summer-like evenings for a few nights and then,
on other evenings, a reminder that Winter may soon be here.
So, let’s linger for a night or two and see what this month brings us.
The seasonal constellations of Summer hang low to the west by sunset; they’re ready to retire till next year’s season. The patterns of Autumn rise to ride high across the heavens, bringing us new starry splendors for nightly gazing.
Among the planets, mighty, majestic Jupiter hangs with the mythic brothers immortalized as Gemini (the Twins) all month long. Also throughout the month, pale orangey Mars pals with Leo (the Lion) in the pre-dawn sky.
By mid-month, brilliant white Venus speeds out of Libra (the Scales) and is well entrenched in Scorpius by mid-month; by month’s end, it is sidling past Ophiuchus (the Serpent-Handler) and then headed toward Sagittarius (the Archer).
Earth’s nearby neighbor, the Moon, will be at its Full phase for this month’s Hunter’s Moon, which is the first Full Moon just after the autumnal equinox. Traditionally, the light of the Hunter’s Moon allowed local folks the light at night to track game after sunset so as to add meat to the coming Winter’s larder.
A little warmth to start the month across the Midwest will soon give way to the traditional weather to which we’re accustomed in the Fall; but, we should look to take advantage of every clear night, warm or not, to see the starry sights.
on other evenings, a reminder that Winter may soon be here.
So, let’s linger for a night or two and see what this month brings us.
The seasonal constellations of Summer hang low to the west by sunset; they’re ready to retire till next year’s season. The patterns of Autumn rise to ride high across the heavens, bringing us new starry splendors for nightly gazing.
Among the planets, mighty, majestic Jupiter hangs with the mythic brothers immortalized as Gemini (the Twins) all month long. Also throughout the month, pale orangey Mars pals with Leo (the Lion) in the pre-dawn sky.
By mid-month, brilliant white Venus speeds out of Libra (the Scales) and is well entrenched in Scorpius by mid-month; by month’s end, it is sidling past Ophiuchus (the Serpent-Handler) and then headed toward Sagittarius (the Archer).
Earth’s nearby neighbor, the Moon, will be at its Full phase for this month’s Hunter’s Moon, which is the first Full Moon just after the autumnal equinox. Traditionally, the light of the Hunter’s Moon allowed local folks the light at night to track game after sunset so as to add meat to the coming Winter’s larder.
A little warmth to start the month across the Midwest will soon give way to the traditional weather to which we’re accustomed in the Fall; but, we should look to take advantage of every clear night, warm or not, to see the starry sights.
Sky Roundup Almanac for October 2013
October 04: New Moon at 02:35 UT (or 7:35 p.m. CDT on 10/04)
October 11: First Quarter Moon at 23:03 UT (or 6:03 p.m. CDT on 10/11)
October 18: Full Moon at 23:38 UT (or 6:38 p.m. CDT on 10/18)
October 26: Last Quarter at 23:41 UT (or 6:41 p.m. CDT on 10/26)
October 11: First Quarter Moon at 23:03 UT (or 6:03 p.m. CDT on 10/11)
October 18: Full Moon at 23:38 UT (or 6:38 p.m. CDT on 10/18)
October 26: Last Quarter at 23:41 UT (or 6:41 p.m. CDT on 10/26)
Sky Roundup for September
Astronomical highlights for the month of September 2013
Summer's End, Fall's Start
The Labor Day weekend may mark the unofficial end of the season, but there’s still three weeks of Summer left on the astronomical calendar! It’ll feel like Autumn soon enough, if an occasional stiff wind blows through while you’re out observing at night; but, that simply should be a welcome sign that a new season of constellations and planetary line-ups will greet your eyes in the coming months. Time to see what’s up in the night sky that heralds the transition from Summer to Fall.
Bright Jupiter continues to hang in the morning sky in the constellation of Gemini (the Twins), and, links up with pale orange Mars in the morning sky before sunrise. (See Chart 1.) The pair of planets is joined by the waning crescent Moon at the start of the month. By month’s end, the same trio are present, though Jupiter appears higher in the sky and Mars lower in the sky before sunrise with another waning crescent Moon.
By mid-month, brilliant Venus continues to move through Virgo (the Maiden); by mid-month, the hot, speedy, whitish planet sidles up to distant, slow, pale Saturn. The two planets are in conjunction on Sept. 16, low in the western sky, just after sunset. (See Chart 2.) A good binocular should capture the pretty pair in the same field of view.
Bright Jupiter continues to hang in the morning sky in the constellation of Gemini (the Twins), and, links up with pale orange Mars in the morning sky before sunrise. (See Chart 1.) The pair of planets is joined by the waning crescent Moon at the start of the month. By month’s end, the same trio are present, though Jupiter appears higher in the sky and Mars lower in the sky before sunrise with another waning crescent Moon.
By mid-month, brilliant Venus continues to move through Virgo (the Maiden); by mid-month, the hot, speedy, whitish planet sidles up to distant, slow, pale Saturn. The two planets are in conjunction on Sept. 16, low in the western sky, just after sunset. (See Chart 2.) A good binocular should capture the pretty pair in the same field of view.
Earth’s cosmic companion, the Moon, will be at its Full phase for this month’s Harvest Moon, which is the Full Moon closest to the autumn equinox. If the Full Moon occurred late in this month, then it would be known as the Full Fruit or Barley Moon. Traditionally, the light of the Harvest Moon allowed farmers a little extra light after sunset to work late.
We are well past the peak of Summer as the amount of daily sunlight shortens with every passing day till Winter. The dark of night finds us sooner than it did just mere weeks ago. But with Summer at an end and Autumn just starting, one can fall into a new schedule of observing, with more night hours to see the sky.
We are well past the peak of Summer as the amount of daily sunlight shortens with every passing day till Winter. The dark of night finds us sooner than it did just mere weeks ago. But with Summer at an end and Autumn just starting, one can fall into a new schedule of observing, with more night hours to see the sky.
Sky Roundup Almanac for September 2013
September 05: New Moon at 11:37 UT (or 6:37 a.m. CDT on 09/05)
September 12: First Quarter Moon at 17:09 UT (or 12:09 a.m. CDT on 9/12)
September 16: Conjunction of Venus and Saturn, western sky after sunset
September 19: Full Moon at 11:13 UT (or 6:13 a.m. CDT on 9/19)
September 22: Autumnal Equinox, the start of Fall at 20:44 UT (or 3:44 p.m. CDT)
September 26: Last Quarter at 3:56 UT (or 10:56 p.m. CDT on 9/25)
September 12: First Quarter Moon at 17:09 UT (or 12:09 a.m. CDT on 9/12)
September 16: Conjunction of Venus and Saturn, western sky after sunset
September 19: Full Moon at 11:13 UT (or 6:13 a.m. CDT on 9/19)
September 22: Autumnal Equinox, the start of Fall at 20:44 UT (or 3:44 p.m. CDT)
September 26: Last Quarter at 3:56 UT (or 10:56 p.m. CDT on 9/25)
Sky Roundup for August
Astronomical highlights for the month of August 2013
Lazy, Hazy, Crazy
The month of August gives us a little more time to savor Summer before the school year starts and the season ends unofficially by the Labor Day weekend. It’s the typical, relaxing days of the Summer season. But no one is idle in the realm of amateur astronomy. This is the ideal time to be out-of-doors and observing on most any clear night. Star parties are in full swing (as one can see here), and, if the weather isn’t too humid or sultry, several fine apparitions are on tap for this month.
Bright Jupiter hangs in the morning sky in the constellation of Gemini (the Twins), and, like last month, joins with little Mercury and orangey Mars in the morning sky before sunrise. (See Chart 1.) This trio stays neatly visible till just before mid-month, after which Mercury drops from view and is lost in the glare of the Sun.
By mid-month, brilliant Venus has moved eastward out of Leo (the Lion) and joins pale Saturn in Virgo in the western sky in evening twilight and stays there through the end of the month. (See Chart 2.) By the way, by the middle of next month, the two planets will be in conjunction low in the western sky, which ought to make for a fine sight in a binocular.
And, our trusty nearby neighbor, the Moon, historically known by native peoples in August as the Full Sturgeon Moon, due to the abundance of sturgeon (a large fish of the Great Lakes that were often caught during this month), shines through the humidity of these Summer nights. It’s known also as the Full Red Moon because, as the Moon rises, it appears reddish through any sultry haze; also called the Green Corn Moon or Grain Moon. On the morning of Aug. 1st, the waning crescent Moon passes north of the bright, ruddy star Aldebaran (Alpha Tauri) in the eastern sky before dawn. (See Chart 3.)
Bright Jupiter hangs in the morning sky in the constellation of Gemini (the Twins), and, like last month, joins with little Mercury and orangey Mars in the morning sky before sunrise. (See Chart 1.) This trio stays neatly visible till just before mid-month, after which Mercury drops from view and is lost in the glare of the Sun.
By mid-month, brilliant Venus has moved eastward out of Leo (the Lion) and joins pale Saturn in Virgo in the western sky in evening twilight and stays there through the end of the month. (See Chart 2.) By the way, by the middle of next month, the two planets will be in conjunction low in the western sky, which ought to make for a fine sight in a binocular.
And, our trusty nearby neighbor, the Moon, historically known by native peoples in August as the Full Sturgeon Moon, due to the abundance of sturgeon (a large fish of the Great Lakes that were often caught during this month), shines through the humidity of these Summer nights. It’s known also as the Full Red Moon because, as the Moon rises, it appears reddish through any sultry haze; also called the Green Corn Moon or Grain Moon. On the morning of Aug. 1st, the waning crescent Moon passes north of the bright, ruddy star Aldebaran (Alpha Tauri) in the eastern sky before dawn. (See Chart 3.)
And if it’s August, then the middle of this month must be that time for the best meteor shower of the year. The Perseid meteor shower peaks on Aug. 12-13, and, with just a waxing crescent Moon, whose light will not interfere with observations that evening, it may be possible to view 60 to 100 meteors per hour!
This is an especially fine shower, completely safe to watch of course, that is fun for the whole family and the neighborhood, too. One can (and perhaps should!) organize a field trip to a safe spot in a nearby rural area, away from city lights, to take in this annual spectacle in its best possible viewing. The Perseids, so named since they appear to radiate from the vicinity of the constellation Perseus, are remnant bits of Comet Swift-Tuttle, which, in its orbit around the Sun, leaves a stream of dusty debris through which our home planet passes every year. For a visual explanation of this annual event, look here for a recent ScienceCast, produced and issued by NASA, about the Perseid meteor shower.
If you decide to capture this apparition with a digital camera, then the Perseids offer that chance against the backdrop of a clear night sky. Depending on the camera model, its instructions usually list how to take a time-lapse. If not, then look here for the set-up and give it a try with your camera mounted on a sturdy tripod; remember to open the lens wider and set the shutter speed slower than the instructions allow.
The chart (above) shows a facsimile of how a time-lapse of the Perseids can look, if correctly done after midnight, and, well after the meteor shower's radiant rises above your local horizon when more meteors can be seen. (See Chart 4.)
We know this season won’t always be here, so while they’re upon us, enjoy these lazy, hazy, crazy days of Summer.
This is an especially fine shower, completely safe to watch of course, that is fun for the whole family and the neighborhood, too. One can (and perhaps should!) organize a field trip to a safe spot in a nearby rural area, away from city lights, to take in this annual spectacle in its best possible viewing. The Perseids, so named since they appear to radiate from the vicinity of the constellation Perseus, are remnant bits of Comet Swift-Tuttle, which, in its orbit around the Sun, leaves a stream of dusty debris through which our home planet passes every year. For a visual explanation of this annual event, look here for a recent ScienceCast, produced and issued by NASA, about the Perseid meteor shower.
If you decide to capture this apparition with a digital camera, then the Perseids offer that chance against the backdrop of a clear night sky. Depending on the camera model, its instructions usually list how to take a time-lapse. If not, then look here for the set-up and give it a try with your camera mounted on a sturdy tripod; remember to open the lens wider and set the shutter speed slower than the instructions allow.
The chart (above) shows a facsimile of how a time-lapse of the Perseids can look, if correctly done after midnight, and, well after the meteor shower's radiant rises above your local horizon when more meteors can be seen. (See Chart 4.)
We know this season won’t always be here, so while they’re upon us, enjoy these lazy, hazy, crazy days of Summer.
Sky Roundup Almanac for August 2013
August 06: New Moon at 21:51 UT (or 4:51 p.m. CDT on 08/06)
August 12: Peak of Perseids meteor shower (at 18:00 UT)
August 14: First Quarter Moon at 10:57 UT (or 5:57 a.m. CDT on 8/14)
August 20: Full Moon at 1:45 UT (or 8:45 p.m. CDT on 8/20)
August 28: Last Quarter Moon at 9:36 UT (or 4:36 a.m. CDT on 8/28)
August 12: Peak of Perseids meteor shower (at 18:00 UT)
August 14: First Quarter Moon at 10:57 UT (or 5:57 a.m. CDT on 8/14)
August 20: Full Moon at 1:45 UT (or 8:45 p.m. CDT on 8/20)
August 28: Last Quarter Moon at 9:36 UT (or 4:36 a.m. CDT on 8/28)
Sky Roundup for July
Astronomical highlights for the month of July 2013
Independence from Days
Of course every year, for the last 237, we the people have celebrated our nation’s declaration of liberty on the calendar date of July 4th. And it is a worthy celebration on that date to reflect on our freedoms. It is more accurate to recognize that calendar date as Independence Day, which recounts our nation’s struggle against tyranny, and, as a defining historical moment that established a sovereign republic of representative government. Yes, we are endowed by our Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.
It might be a stretch to link any semblance of a celebration of national independence to late-night astronomy, but it is no departure from reality to recognize that our freedom to speak and worship and assemble and discuss, those treasured things that add to life and allow us liberty, also incline us to put forth the time and effort to pursue those things that bring us enjoyment and, yes, even happiness.
One’s own approach to enjoy the night sky may often find one out-of-doors early in the evening, up just before dawn, or, for marathon observing sessions, all night long. We might even spend so much time under the stars, and not under our one home star, the Sun, that we don’t connect to daylight too readily, and sleep in to re-balance the happy way we deprived ourselves of restful sleep the night before.
Unless one doesn’t enjoy safely observing the Sun at all in the daytime, you could find yourself with the independent lifestyle of a true night owl. So, let’s see what we’re likely to encounter in the night sky of July.
Jupiter has moved from the evening sky, where it had lingered for the last several months, and emerges into the morning sky before sunrise to pair with Mars, which had been lost in the glare of the Sun for some time. The two continue to rise ahead of the Sun all month long. By month’s end, the two superior planets, that is, those beyond Earth's orbit, link up with the inferior, or inner, planet Mercury as it moves into the morning sky for a nice trio line-up.
Venus emerges into evening twilight stationed just above the horizon after sunset and moves through M44 (the “Beehive” or Praesepe) in Cancer (the Crab) on July 3rd. Though not very high in the sky at sunset, this apparition might be glimpsed fairly well with a good binocular and an uncluttered horizon. By month’s end, Venus has moved into Leo (the Lion).
Brightly ringed Saturn remains between Virgo (the Maiden) and Libra (the Scales) in the evening sky and low to the west-southwest all month long by 10 p.m. local time.
And, our nearest celestial neighbor, the Moon, historically known by native peoples in July as the Full Buck Moon or the Full Thunder Moon, is always a treat to explore with a good binocular or modest telescope. The waxing gibbous Moon is in conjunction with the star Spica, aka Alpha Virginis, the brightest star in the constellation Virgo (the Maiden); from the vantage of the Hawai’ian Islands, though, on July 16th that bright star is occulted, hidden, by the bulk of the Moon.
If you’re going to give up some daylight during the longest days of the year, then make it worthwhile and pursue your favorite nightly celestial wonders. Stay happy as a truly independent observer.
It might be a stretch to link any semblance of a celebration of national independence to late-night astronomy, but it is no departure from reality to recognize that our freedom to speak and worship and assemble and discuss, those treasured things that add to life and allow us liberty, also incline us to put forth the time and effort to pursue those things that bring us enjoyment and, yes, even happiness.
One’s own approach to enjoy the night sky may often find one out-of-doors early in the evening, up just before dawn, or, for marathon observing sessions, all night long. We might even spend so much time under the stars, and not under our one home star, the Sun, that we don’t connect to daylight too readily, and sleep in to re-balance the happy way we deprived ourselves of restful sleep the night before.
Unless one doesn’t enjoy safely observing the Sun at all in the daytime, you could find yourself with the independent lifestyle of a true night owl. So, let’s see what we’re likely to encounter in the night sky of July.
Jupiter has moved from the evening sky, where it had lingered for the last several months, and emerges into the morning sky before sunrise to pair with Mars, which had been lost in the glare of the Sun for some time. The two continue to rise ahead of the Sun all month long. By month’s end, the two superior planets, that is, those beyond Earth's orbit, link up with the inferior, or inner, planet Mercury as it moves into the morning sky for a nice trio line-up.
Venus emerges into evening twilight stationed just above the horizon after sunset and moves through M44 (the “Beehive” or Praesepe) in Cancer (the Crab) on July 3rd. Though not very high in the sky at sunset, this apparition might be glimpsed fairly well with a good binocular and an uncluttered horizon. By month’s end, Venus has moved into Leo (the Lion).
Brightly ringed Saturn remains between Virgo (the Maiden) and Libra (the Scales) in the evening sky and low to the west-southwest all month long by 10 p.m. local time.
And, our nearest celestial neighbor, the Moon, historically known by native peoples in July as the Full Buck Moon or the Full Thunder Moon, is always a treat to explore with a good binocular or modest telescope. The waxing gibbous Moon is in conjunction with the star Spica, aka Alpha Virginis, the brightest star in the constellation Virgo (the Maiden); from the vantage of the Hawai’ian Islands, though, on July 16th that bright star is occulted, hidden, by the bulk of the Moon.
If you’re going to give up some daylight during the longest days of the year, then make it worthwhile and pursue your favorite nightly celestial wonders. Stay happy as a truly independent observer.
Sky Roundup Almanac for July 2013
July 03: Venus amid the stars of M44 (the “Beehive”) at sunset
July 08: New Moon at 2:14 a.m. CDT (or at 7:14 UT on 7/08)
July 15: First Quarter Moon at 10:18 p.m. CDT (or at 3:18 UT on 7/16)
July 16: Spica occulted by waxing gibbous Moon at 4:00 UT
July 22: Full Moon at 3:16 a.m. CDT (or at 8:16 UT on 7/22)
July 29: Last Quarter Moon at 12:43 p.m. CDT (or at 17:43 UT on 7/29)
July 31: Mercury, Mars, Jupiter in trio line-up before sunrise by 5:00 a.m. CDT (or at 10:00 UT)
July 08: New Moon at 2:14 a.m. CDT (or at 7:14 UT on 7/08)
July 15: First Quarter Moon at 10:18 p.m. CDT (or at 3:18 UT on 7/16)
July 16: Spica occulted by waxing gibbous Moon at 4:00 UT
July 22: Full Moon at 3:16 a.m. CDT (or at 8:16 UT on 7/22)
July 29: Last Quarter Moon at 12:43 p.m. CDT (or at 17:43 UT on 7/29)
July 31: Mercury, Mars, Jupiter in trio line-up before sunrise by 5:00 a.m. CDT (or at 10:00 UT)
Sky Roundup for June
Astronomical highlights for the month of June 2013
June Too Soon
Just when we thought the month of May resembled March in its opening, the current month of June starts off as if we were about to see July at our doorstep.
But, no, it is just the usual vagaries of Springtime weather. The welcome, warm regime of Summer in the Northern Hemisphere is attempting to displace the lingering, cold regime of Winter; in the interim, we get unsettled weather, alternating hot and cold, which tests meteorologists’ mettle to forecast accurately, but gives unserious climatologists and partisan policymakers the mistaken notion that somehow climate is a-changing’ and somehow we’re to blame.
Rest assured that the season of Summer will officially be upon us later this month when the astronomical start of our warm season gets underway on June 21 at the Summer Solstice, even if it at times it may feel that way already. And we should welcome that change of season without the need for any undue concern about an imminent change in climate already afoot.
Mother Nature cares not for our concern about weather or climate, and she carries on whether or not we’re here. As far as she’s concerned, we’re simply along for the ride. Oh, yes, we can the make the ride awfully bumpy with our own foolishness, but, in the meantime, enjoy the journey wherever it leads.
And for this month, the sights of the nights in June lead us soon to appreciate the skies of early Summer.
Hot little Mercury stays in the glare of the Sun in the western sky at sunset by mid-month; but, like last month, remains too close to our home star to discern easily. Still paired with the brightest planet, Venus, the closest planet to the Sun lingers just above the horizon after sunset.
Beautifully ringed Saturn continues to stay wedged between Virgo (the Maiden) and Libra (the Scales) in the morning sky and low to the west-southwest all month long by midnight, while small, reddish Mars by month’s clings close to the Sun in morning twilight just before sunrise, making it difficult to see.
And, our nearest celestial neighbor, the Moon, looks to June as the Strawberry Moon this month. Worth looking at no matter the time of year.
Tune into June soon and warm up to a few fine sights all month long.
But, no, it is just the usual vagaries of Springtime weather. The welcome, warm regime of Summer in the Northern Hemisphere is attempting to displace the lingering, cold regime of Winter; in the interim, we get unsettled weather, alternating hot and cold, which tests meteorologists’ mettle to forecast accurately, but gives unserious climatologists and partisan policymakers the mistaken notion that somehow climate is a-changing’ and somehow we’re to blame.
Rest assured that the season of Summer will officially be upon us later this month when the astronomical start of our warm season gets underway on June 21 at the Summer Solstice, even if it at times it may feel that way already. And we should welcome that change of season without the need for any undue concern about an imminent change in climate already afoot.
Mother Nature cares not for our concern about weather or climate, and she carries on whether or not we’re here. As far as she’s concerned, we’re simply along for the ride. Oh, yes, we can the make the ride awfully bumpy with our own foolishness, but, in the meantime, enjoy the journey wherever it leads.
And for this month, the sights of the nights in June lead us soon to appreciate the skies of early Summer.
Hot little Mercury stays in the glare of the Sun in the western sky at sunset by mid-month; but, like last month, remains too close to our home star to discern easily. Still paired with the brightest planet, Venus, the closest planet to the Sun lingers just above the horizon after sunset.
Beautifully ringed Saturn continues to stay wedged between Virgo (the Maiden) and Libra (the Scales) in the morning sky and low to the west-southwest all month long by midnight, while small, reddish Mars by month’s clings close to the Sun in morning twilight just before sunrise, making it difficult to see.
And, our nearest celestial neighbor, the Moon, looks to June as the Strawberry Moon this month. Worth looking at no matter the time of year.
Tune into June soon and warm up to a few fine sights all month long.
Sky Roundup Almanac for June 2013
June 08: New Moon at 10:56 a.m. CDT (or at 15:56 UT on 6/08)
June 16: First Quarter Moon at 12:24 p.m. CDT (or at 17:24 UT on 6/16)
June 21: Summer Solstice at 12:04 a.m. (or at 5:04 UT on 6/21)
June 23: Full Moon at 6:32 a.m. CDT (or at 11:32 UT on 6/23)
June 29: Last Quarter at 11:53 p.m. CDT (or at 4:53 UT on 6/30)
June 16: First Quarter Moon at 12:24 p.m. CDT (or at 17:24 UT on 6/16)
June 21: Summer Solstice at 12:04 a.m. (or at 5:04 UT on 6/21)
June 23: Full Moon at 6:32 a.m. CDT (or at 11:32 UT on 6/23)
June 29: Last Quarter at 11:53 p.m. CDT (or at 4:53 UT on 6/30)
Sky Roundup for May
Astronomical highlights for the month of May 2013
May Flowers
A few days of unseasonal cold and snow linger across the Midwest as the month of May strives to unfold into Spring like a hesitant flower.
Still, a few fine sights bud into view this month across the night sky. The small, hot world of Mercury returns to the glare of the Sun and swings back to the western sky at sunset by mid-month; but, it is still too close to our home star for easy viewing until May 27th and 28th when it bunches with the brightest planet, Venus, and biggest planet, Jupiter, just above the horizon and just after sunset. At month’s end, three planets lined up, like several blooms planted in a garden row, ought to make for a pleasing sight with a binocular or eyes alone.
Wonderfully ringed Saturn straddles the boundary between Virgo (the Maiden) and Libra (the Scales) in the morning sky and low to the west-southwest all month long before sunrise, while cold, reddish Mars by month’s end emerges from behind the Sun into morning twilight before sunrise.
And, an extra phase of the Moon slips into this month; that is, our nearest celestial neighbor sports two Last Quarter phases, one at the beginning and one at the end of May, to complete the Full Flower Moon this month.
Get past the cool start to Spring this year and find a few celestial wonders sprouting before your very eyes.
Still, a few fine sights bud into view this month across the night sky. The small, hot world of Mercury returns to the glare of the Sun and swings back to the western sky at sunset by mid-month; but, it is still too close to our home star for easy viewing until May 27th and 28th when it bunches with the brightest planet, Venus, and biggest planet, Jupiter, just above the horizon and just after sunset. At month’s end, three planets lined up, like several blooms planted in a garden row, ought to make for a pleasing sight with a binocular or eyes alone.
Wonderfully ringed Saturn straddles the boundary between Virgo (the Maiden) and Libra (the Scales) in the morning sky and low to the west-southwest all month long before sunrise, while cold, reddish Mars by month’s end emerges from behind the Sun into morning twilight before sunrise.
And, an extra phase of the Moon slips into this month; that is, our nearest celestial neighbor sports two Last Quarter phases, one at the beginning and one at the end of May, to complete the Full Flower Moon this month.
Get past the cool start to Spring this year and find a few celestial wonders sprouting before your very eyes.
Sky Roundup Almanac for May 2013
May 02: Last Quarter Moon at 6:14 a.m. CDT (or at 11:14 Universal Time on 5/2)
May 09: New Moon at 7:28 p.m. CDT (or at 00:28 UT on 5/10)
May 17: First Quarter Moon at 11:34 p.m. CDT (or at 4:34 UT on 5/18)
May 24: Full Moon at 11:25 p.m. CDT (or at 4:25 UT on 5/25)
May 31: Last Quarter at 1:58 p.m. CDT (or at 18:58 UT on 5/31)
May 09: New Moon at 7:28 p.m. CDT (or at 00:28 UT on 5/10)
May 17: First Quarter Moon at 11:34 p.m. CDT (or at 4:34 UT on 5/18)
May 24: Full Moon at 11:25 p.m. CDT (or at 4:25 UT on 5/25)
May 31: Last Quarter at 1:58 p.m. CDT (or at 18:58 UT on 5/31)
Sky Roundup for April
Astronomical highlights for the month of April 2013
Spring into April Skies
Now that the season of Spring appears to be gradually opening up around us, one can perhaps begin to feel as if the skies may become inviting once again, so that we can stay out and look ahead to less chilly weather.
The buzz in astronomical circles has been the appearance of Comet PanSTARRS this past March, and there’s still a chance to get a glimpse of this apparition in early April. Look for it either after sunset in the northwest or before sunrise in the northeast. The comet will appear to pass near the Andromeda Galaxy, also known as M31, in which either clear twilight sky, evening or morning, you’re able to view it. With a bright Moon not sharing the sky with the comet, a good binocular may reveal it as you scan the treetops.
Unfortunately, just like last month and all this month, both Mars and Venus are still lost in the glare of the Sun. Pale-white Saturn has passed into Libra (the Scales) and pairs with the Moon at its Full phase, as the Full Pink Moon or the Grass Moon or the Egg Moon, on April 25th. The cold, distant planet’s widening rings make a splendid sight in a modest or large telescope.
Mercury peeps above the eastern horizon this month in morning twilight before sunrise as it has rounded the Sun from its evening appearance at sunset last month.
Bright Jupiter keeps pace with the bright star Aldebaran in Taurus (the Bull) throughout the night and all month long, near the Moon on April 14th, and setting just after midnight by month’s end.
Look for the best time this month to venture out when clouds part and the night sky springs into view.
The buzz in astronomical circles has been the appearance of Comet PanSTARRS this past March, and there’s still a chance to get a glimpse of this apparition in early April. Look for it either after sunset in the northwest or before sunrise in the northeast. The comet will appear to pass near the Andromeda Galaxy, also known as M31, in which either clear twilight sky, evening or morning, you’re able to view it. With a bright Moon not sharing the sky with the comet, a good binocular may reveal it as you scan the treetops.
Unfortunately, just like last month and all this month, both Mars and Venus are still lost in the glare of the Sun. Pale-white Saturn has passed into Libra (the Scales) and pairs with the Moon at its Full phase, as the Full Pink Moon or the Grass Moon or the Egg Moon, on April 25th. The cold, distant planet’s widening rings make a splendid sight in a modest or large telescope.
Mercury peeps above the eastern horizon this month in morning twilight before sunrise as it has rounded the Sun from its evening appearance at sunset last month.
Bright Jupiter keeps pace with the bright star Aldebaran in Taurus (the Bull) throughout the night and all month long, near the Moon on April 14th, and setting just after midnight by month’s end.
Look for the best time this month to venture out when clouds part and the night sky springs into view.
Sky Roundup Almanac for April 2013
April 02: Last Quarter Moon at 11:37 p.m. CDT (or at 4:37 Universal Time on 4/3)
April 03: Look for Comet PanSTARRS before dawn in NE or after sunset in NW
April 10: New Moon at 9:36 a.m. CDT (or at 4:36 UT on 4/10)
April 14: Jupiter in vicinity of waxing Moon in Taurus by midnight
April 18: First Quarter Moon at 7:32 a.m. CDT (or at 12:32 UT on 4/18)
April 22: Lyrid meteors peak early this morning before dawn
April 25: Full Moon at 2:58 p.m. CDT (or at 19:58 UT on 4/25)
April 03: Look for Comet PanSTARRS before dawn in NE or after sunset in NW
April 10: New Moon at 9:36 a.m. CDT (or at 4:36 UT on 4/10)
April 14: Jupiter in vicinity of waxing Moon in Taurus by midnight
April 18: First Quarter Moon at 7:32 a.m. CDT (or at 12:32 UT on 4/18)
April 22: Lyrid meteors peak early this morning before dawn
April 25: Full Moon at 2:58 p.m. CDT (or at 19:58 UT on 4/25)
Sky Roundup for March
Astronomical highlights for the month of March 2013
March Across the Sky
This month offers a parade of celestial sights worth marching outside to see.
Unfortunately, all month long, both Mars and Venus are lost in the glare of the Sun. But pale Saturn with its glorious rings pairs with the waning gibbous Moon on March 2nd in the southwestern sky before sunrise. Tiny hot Mercury puts in an appearance at month’s end barely above the horizon in evening twilight.
Bright Jupiter still strides majestically with the bright star Aldebaran in Taurus (the Bull) throughout the night and all month long, heading to the western horizon by month’s end.
Also, a rare delight this month: a comet parades across the twilight western sky. Comet PanSTARRS, named after the observatory and telescope that discovered it, will strut across the western sky throughout the month of March. One will likely need a binocular to find the cosmic interloper as it parallels the western horizon just after sunset. It is likely to wend its way close enough to Earth to make it a visible treat in the heavens, especially on the evening of March 12th-13th when the comet sidles within a half-degree of Uranus. The comet should remain in our sky at an increasing elevation through April before it begins to fade from view.
(Short for Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System, PanSTARRS sits atop Mount Haleakala in Hawai’i, scanning for celestial rogues like asteroids and comets. Learn more about it here. For those in various parts of the Southern Hemisphere, two comets are parading across the evening twilight skies. Not only Comet PanSTARRS, but Comet Lemmon as well. See both captured in the same frame here!)
Unfortunately, all month long, both Mars and Venus are lost in the glare of the Sun. But pale Saturn with its glorious rings pairs with the waning gibbous Moon on March 2nd in the southwestern sky before sunrise. Tiny hot Mercury puts in an appearance at month’s end barely above the horizon in evening twilight.
Bright Jupiter still strides majestically with the bright star Aldebaran in Taurus (the Bull) throughout the night and all month long, heading to the western horizon by month’s end.
Also, a rare delight this month: a comet parades across the twilight western sky. Comet PanSTARRS, named after the observatory and telescope that discovered it, will strut across the western sky throughout the month of March. One will likely need a binocular to find the cosmic interloper as it parallels the western horizon just after sunset. It is likely to wend its way close enough to Earth to make it a visible treat in the heavens, especially on the evening of March 12th-13th when the comet sidles within a half-degree of Uranus. The comet should remain in our sky at an increasing elevation through April before it begins to fade from view.
(Short for Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System, PanSTARRS sits atop Mount Haleakala in Hawai’i, scanning for celestial rogues like asteroids and comets. Learn more about it here. For those in various parts of the Southern Hemisphere, two comets are parading across the evening twilight skies. Not only Comet PanSTARRS, but Comet Lemmon as well. See both captured in the same frame here!)
Besides comets and planets to gaze at, one will need to gaze at the face of a clock at least once this month to make certain one is on time for the change of seasons. That is, be sure to set your clocks one hour ahead for Daylight Saving Time, which starts on March 10th so you don’t miss the astronomical start of Spring, the Vernal Equinox, which arrives on March 20th at 11:02 UTC for us in the Midwest. What time is that, you ask?
In astronomical parlance, the time of the season’s beginning, or any celestial event, is expressed in Coordinated Universal Time (abbreviated UTC), a 24-hour clock time (aka Zulu time) reckoned from Greenwich, England.
In astronomical parlance, the time of the season’s beginning, or any celestial event, is expressed in Coordinated Universal Time (abbreviated UTC), a 24-hour clock time (aka Zulu time) reckoned from Greenwich, England.
To find one’s local time from UTC time, one must know one’s time zone, namely, the difference in hours from local time in Greenwich. For example, in the Central USA time zone, which is six hours behind local time at Greenwich, one subtracts six hours from UTC time to find one’s own local standard time, five hours from UTC time for local Daylight Saving Time. So, for us in the Midwest Spring begins at 6:02 a.m.
And not a moment too soon. So, march forth into the night and watch the parade of this month’s celestial splendors!
And not a moment too soon. So, march forth into the night and watch the parade of this month’s celestial splendors!
Sky Roundup Almanac for March 2013
March 4: Last Quarter Moon
March 11: New Moon
March 12: Comet PanSTARRS one-half degree from Uranus
March 19: First Quarter Moon
March 20: Vernal Equinox, the astronomical start of Spring, arrives at 11:02 UTC
March 27: Full Moon
March 11: New Moon
March 12: Comet PanSTARRS one-half degree from Uranus
March 19: First Quarter Moon
March 20: Vernal Equinox, the astronomical start of Spring, arrives at 11:02 UTC
March 27: Full Moon
Sky Roundup for February
Astronomical highlights for the month of February 2013
Let the Good Times Roll
Struggling to move beyond sour news and distressing headlines, these trying times call for some sort of celebration to buoy our spirits through the biting cold and dreary skies that so often typifies the month of February.
Across the Midwest, we do not share the generally balmy temperatures of our neighbors across the South. For example, revelers in New Orleans let it all hang out at Mardi Gras, while Midwesterners still shiver keeping it all bundled up.
If we stay bundled up long enough, we can go outside and glimpse a few of our planetary neighbors, weather permitting.
At the start of this month, pale Saturn shows off its rings and continues to linger in Libra (the Scales) in southeastern skies before sunrise, while Mercury is seen very close to the horizon after sunset and Venus is lost to the glare of the Sun all month.
Bright Jupiter stays in the vicinity of the bright star Aldebaran in Taurus (the Bull) throughout the night and all month long, heading to the western horizon by midnight at mid-month, while Mars rides low in the west-southwest after sunset, and, like the inferior planets, disappears into the Sun’s glare toward the end of the month.
Owing to the wintry weather conditions that can grip the landscape during February, this month’s Moon is known as the Full Snow Moon, or the Full Hunger Moon, according to American Indian folklore.
Those who celebrate Fat Tuesday this month down South certainly won’t look as if they have a full hunger problem, though a fair number of us in the North this month already have a full snow problem.
As you find yourself indoors much of this month because of cloudy skies and cold weather, take time to brush up on your stars and constellations, and, find your best way to celebrate the little things, knowing that this is the shortest month of the year and that, astronomically speaking, Spring is only a month away.
Across the Midwest, we do not share the generally balmy temperatures of our neighbors across the South. For example, revelers in New Orleans let it all hang out at Mardi Gras, while Midwesterners still shiver keeping it all bundled up.
If we stay bundled up long enough, we can go outside and glimpse a few of our planetary neighbors, weather permitting.
At the start of this month, pale Saturn shows off its rings and continues to linger in Libra (the Scales) in southeastern skies before sunrise, while Mercury is seen very close to the horizon after sunset and Venus is lost to the glare of the Sun all month.
Bright Jupiter stays in the vicinity of the bright star Aldebaran in Taurus (the Bull) throughout the night and all month long, heading to the western horizon by midnight at mid-month, while Mars rides low in the west-southwest after sunset, and, like the inferior planets, disappears into the Sun’s glare toward the end of the month.
Owing to the wintry weather conditions that can grip the landscape during February, this month’s Moon is known as the Full Snow Moon, or the Full Hunger Moon, according to American Indian folklore.
Those who celebrate Fat Tuesday this month down South certainly won’t look as if they have a full hunger problem, though a fair number of us in the North this month already have a full snow problem.
As you find yourself indoors much of this month because of cloudy skies and cold weather, take time to brush up on your stars and constellations, and, find your best way to celebrate the little things, knowing that this is the shortest month of the year and that, astronomically speaking, Spring is only a month away.
UPDATE: It came from outer space! On February 15, 2013, a bright meteor (story and videos here) streaked across the daytime sky over Russia and evidently left a hole in the winter ice covering a reservoir (photo of hole here). Known technically as a bolide, that is, a meteor that breaks apart in the air with a loud bang, the brilliant fireball appears not to have struck any major urban areas, though damage is extensive from the shock-wave generated by the high-speed cosmic visitor. Fragments of the meteorite, the name for a meteor that has actually crash-landed, are being sought (as stated here).
Sky Roundup Almanac for February 2013
February 3: Last Quarter Moon
February 10: New Moon
February 17: First Quarter Moon
February 25: Full Moon
February 10: New Moon
February 17: First Quarter Moon
February 25: Full Moon
Sky Roundup for January
Astronomical highlights for the month of January 2013
The Nights After Christmas
With the major rush of holidays behind us for now, we need to take stock and find out what we really want to view again in the night sky. Certainly the hype surrounding the Mayan calendar was enough of a distraction, not to mention any wailing or gnashing of teeth that may have occurred among the uninformed, but the real calendar shows us that there are serious things worth making noise about in the night sky in the coming months.
For this month, we start the New Year with the planets placed around the sky.
At the start of this month, Saturn lingers in Libra (the Scales) in pre-dawn southeastern skies, while Mercury and Venus remain tight in morning twilight at the beginning of the month, but drop into the glare of the Sun and from our vantage on Earth starting by mid-month.
Bright Jupiter stays in the vicinity of the bright star Aldebaran in Taurus (the Bull) throughout the night and all month long, while Mars in evening twilight moves from Capricornus (the Sea-Goat) at the start of the month and into Aquarius (the Water-Bearer) by the end of the month.
Catch the peak of the Quadrantid meteor shower on January 3rd. This is an old name for an area of the sky just off the handle of the Big Dipper. A relatively high rate of meteors per hour may be seen high in the sky before dawn; unfortunately, the light of the waning gibbous Moon may wash out the fainter meteors.
By the way, that same Moon, when full this month on January 26th, is known as the Full Wolf Moon, according to American Indian folklore. And that's certainly worth a howl.
Time to start the New Year, so let us wander out-of-doors and lose ourselves in the crisp beauty of a clear, cold, night sky.
For this month, we start the New Year with the planets placed around the sky.
At the start of this month, Saturn lingers in Libra (the Scales) in pre-dawn southeastern skies, while Mercury and Venus remain tight in morning twilight at the beginning of the month, but drop into the glare of the Sun and from our vantage on Earth starting by mid-month.
Bright Jupiter stays in the vicinity of the bright star Aldebaran in Taurus (the Bull) throughout the night and all month long, while Mars in evening twilight moves from Capricornus (the Sea-Goat) at the start of the month and into Aquarius (the Water-Bearer) by the end of the month.
Catch the peak of the Quadrantid meteor shower on January 3rd. This is an old name for an area of the sky just off the handle of the Big Dipper. A relatively high rate of meteors per hour may be seen high in the sky before dawn; unfortunately, the light of the waning gibbous Moon may wash out the fainter meteors.
By the way, that same Moon, when full this month on January 26th, is known as the Full Wolf Moon, according to American Indian folklore. And that's certainly worth a howl.
Time to start the New Year, so let us wander out-of-doors and lose ourselves in the crisp beauty of a clear, cold, night sky.
Sky Roundup Almanac for January 2013
January 3: Peak of the Quadrantid meteor shower
January 4: Last Quarter Moon
January 11: New Moon
January 18: First Quarter Moon
January 26: Full Moon
January 4: Last Quarter Moon
January 11: New Moon
January 18: First Quarter Moon
January 26: Full Moon
Sky Roundup for December
Astronomical highlights for the month of December 2012
The Night Before Christmas
Since 2009, Roy Kaelin’s installment of Sky Roundup for December has started with his parody of “A Visit of St. Nicholas” and that little tradition continues this year. —With apologies to Clement Clark Moore
‘Twas the night before Christmas,
When all through his house
A stargazer was stirring, clicking his mouse;
His mounting set up in the backyard with care,
In hopes that clearing skies soon would be there.
He could’ve been nestled all snug in his bed,
But visions of nebulae danced in his head;
And grabbing a kerchief to dust a lens from its cap,
He caffeined his brain to shun a long winter’s nap--
When out on the lawn there arose such a clatter,
He sprang from his chair to see what was the matter:
Away to his set-up he flew like a flash,
Hoping his ‘scope didn’t loosen and crash.
The moon, on the breast of new-fallen snow,
Gave a luster of mid-day to objects, ya’ know:
When, what to his wandering eyes should appear,
But a case full of eyepieces amid his old gear;
Fellow geeks always bought these, so lively and quick,
He knew in a moment they’d all be heartsick.
More lenses he now owned and savored his claim,
And he whistled, and shouted, and called them by name--
“Now, Brandon! now, Nagler! now, Ethos! and Vixen!
No coma! Flat fields! Star parties I’m blitzin’;
To the top of each planet, to the top of Straight Wall,
I’ll dash to see nebulae, faraway all!”
He gathered his new gear, so pleased he might cry,
And carried all to his ‘scope, its mount to the sky,
So, up past his house-top his ‘scope aimed anew,
A case full of lenses—and such neat stuff too.
With stars all a-twinkling from heat off the roof,
The night sky unveiled its warp and its woof;
As he drew up a chair, and was turning around,
Down next to his ‘scope the ‘gazer came with a bound.
His parka lined in fur
From his head to his foot,
And his clothes came all furnished
With pockets to boot:
This new bunch of toys
He now kept near his back,
And he thrilled like a youngster
As he opened his pack;
His eyes how they twinkled!
Each eyepiece how merry--
Were just what he wanted,
Whence they came he was wary;
Ev’ry ocular gleamed
Each drawn up with a bow,
Who could’ve left them and
Left no tracks in the snow?
He thought for a bit
Of this season of year,
And thought it unlikely he’d
Earned such good cheer.
Still he was thankful
And humbled quite by it;
He vowed to do better
And stay on a diet.
He was chubby and plump--
His right jolly old self;
From too much late snacking
In spite of himself.
A wink of his eye,
And a twist of his head,
Soon gave him to know
Where each eyepiece might thread.
He spoke not a word,
But went straight to his work,
And logged all his sightings:
Then turned with a jerk,
And laying his pencil
Aside of his prose,
And giving a nod,
To his warm room he rose.
He sprang to its desk,
Jotted notes in a whistle,
And away he then flew
To look through a Plössl:
But all heard him exclaim
Ere he gazed in the night,
“Merry Christmas to all,
And to all A Clear Night.”
‘Twas the night before Christmas,
When all through his house
A stargazer was stirring, clicking his mouse;
His mounting set up in the backyard with care,
In hopes that clearing skies soon would be there.
He could’ve been nestled all snug in his bed,
But visions of nebulae danced in his head;
And grabbing a kerchief to dust a lens from its cap,
He caffeined his brain to shun a long winter’s nap--
When out on the lawn there arose such a clatter,
He sprang from his chair to see what was the matter:
Away to his set-up he flew like a flash,
Hoping his ‘scope didn’t loosen and crash.
The moon, on the breast of new-fallen snow,
Gave a luster of mid-day to objects, ya’ know:
When, what to his wandering eyes should appear,
But a case full of eyepieces amid his old gear;
Fellow geeks always bought these, so lively and quick,
He knew in a moment they’d all be heartsick.
More lenses he now owned and savored his claim,
And he whistled, and shouted, and called them by name--
“Now, Brandon! now, Nagler! now, Ethos! and Vixen!
No coma! Flat fields! Star parties I’m blitzin’;
To the top of each planet, to the top of Straight Wall,
I’ll dash to see nebulae, faraway all!”
He gathered his new gear, so pleased he might cry,
And carried all to his ‘scope, its mount to the sky,
So, up past his house-top his ‘scope aimed anew,
A case full of lenses—and such neat stuff too.
With stars all a-twinkling from heat off the roof,
The night sky unveiled its warp and its woof;
As he drew up a chair, and was turning around,
Down next to his ‘scope the ‘gazer came with a bound.
His parka lined in fur
From his head to his foot,
And his clothes came all furnished
With pockets to boot:
This new bunch of toys
He now kept near his back,
And he thrilled like a youngster
As he opened his pack;
His eyes how they twinkled!
Each eyepiece how merry--
Were just what he wanted,
Whence they came he was wary;
Ev’ry ocular gleamed
Each drawn up with a bow,
Who could’ve left them and
Left no tracks in the snow?
He thought for a bit
Of this season of year,
And thought it unlikely he’d
Earned such good cheer.
Still he was thankful
And humbled quite by it;
He vowed to do better
And stay on a diet.
He was chubby and plump--
His right jolly old self;
From too much late snacking
In spite of himself.
A wink of his eye,
And a twist of his head,
Soon gave him to know
Where each eyepiece might thread.
He spoke not a word,
But went straight to his work,
And logged all his sightings:
Then turned with a jerk,
And laying his pencil
Aside of his prose,
And giving a nod,
To his warm room he rose.
He sprang to its desk,
Jotted notes in a whistle,
And away he then flew
To look through a Plössl:
But all heard him exclaim
Ere he gazed in the night,
“Merry Christmas to all,
And to all A Clear Night.”
Merry Christmas to All
Every year seems to be one of those years, where we take stock of the events over the past twelve months. Such things we never thought could happen, certainly they did; and things we wished might’ve happened, sadly they did not. We can remain wistful and pining for what might have been, or we can become depressed over what may yet come, but we mustn’t give in and descend to the depths of despair. There is always a chance to start anew.
Every year comes with its fun and frolic or with its fears and foibles. On a grander scale, every time in which humans have lived has seemed a perilous one, like none other in history. So it is with our time, too. And this past year has been no exception. For example, with the added hype of a date chosen to coincide with the reset of an old system of timekeeping, all manner of mystery and of scholarly skepticism has surrounded the end of the Mayan calendar and its significance to the peoples on our home planet.
For the readers of Sky Roundup, you can expect that next month’s installment will occur right here, ready to welcome the New Year. There is no good reason to give in to the hype; to do that only lets one sink into an abyss of darkness and superstition, to devolve to a world of gloom and doom. But for those who really want to assign preternatural meaning to the Winter Solstice, you'll just have to see whether its date this year opens up some great cosmic portal.
As for the end of the world, at least as we know it, no one knows the hour or the day. Not even the Mayans, who, by the way, were not predicting the end of the world; rather, their calendar merely counted down to its own end of days. And then all would start anew.
And that’s how we should look ahead to the fun, frolic, fears, and foibles of our own time. Yes, times are perilous, as they always have been, and always will be. But we should know that all can and will again start anew. This Earth will pass through its usual seasons---there will be change, not all of it good, to be sure---but the people in this land will see it grow verdant again after a bitter winter. How long that winter lasts depends on whether we give in to its gloom and doom.
Let’s not devolve to that former world of darkness and superstition; there is much to do, even as the bitter winter descends on us. Look ahead to that verdant time and keep a buoyant spirit till the season changes. And, as you move through this season, keep lively with the touchstones of the holidays, namely, family and friends, hearth and home.
Every year comes with its fun and frolic or with its fears and foibles. On a grander scale, every time in which humans have lived has seemed a perilous one, like none other in history. So it is with our time, too. And this past year has been no exception. For example, with the added hype of a date chosen to coincide with the reset of an old system of timekeeping, all manner of mystery and of scholarly skepticism has surrounded the end of the Mayan calendar and its significance to the peoples on our home planet.
For the readers of Sky Roundup, you can expect that next month’s installment will occur right here, ready to welcome the New Year. There is no good reason to give in to the hype; to do that only lets one sink into an abyss of darkness and superstition, to devolve to a world of gloom and doom. But for those who really want to assign preternatural meaning to the Winter Solstice, you'll just have to see whether its date this year opens up some great cosmic portal.
As for the end of the world, at least as we know it, no one knows the hour or the day. Not even the Mayans, who, by the way, were not predicting the end of the world; rather, their calendar merely counted down to its own end of days. And then all would start anew.
And that’s how we should look ahead to the fun, frolic, fears, and foibles of our own time. Yes, times are perilous, as they always have been, and always will be. But we should know that all can and will again start anew. This Earth will pass through its usual seasons---there will be change, not all of it good, to be sure---but the people in this land will see it grow verdant again after a bitter winter. How long that winter lasts depends on whether we give in to its gloom and doom.
Let’s not devolve to that former world of darkness and superstition; there is much to do, even as the bitter winter descends on us. Look ahead to that verdant time and keep a buoyant spirit till the season changes. And, as you move through this season, keep lively with the touchstones of the holidays, namely, family and friends, hearth and home.
In addition, keep lively with the touchstones of the night sky, namely, Earth's celestial neighbors this month.
At the start of this month, a nice line-up of planets greets the pre-dawn twilight. Mercury, Venus, and Saturn angle up from the southeast horizon through the constellation of Libra (the Scales) and Virgo (the Maiden). Mercury reaches its farthest Sun-centered latitude from our vantage on Earth. (See Chart 1.) By mid-month, Mercury and Venus tighten as they appear in morning twilight (see Chart 2); by month’s end, Mercury plunges back into the glare of the Sun with Venus following suit.
Bright Jupiter stays in the vicinity of the bright star Aldebaran in Taurus (the Bull) all month long, while Mars sidles past the Teapot asterism in Sagittarius (the Archer) in the southwest sky just after sunset early in the month (see Chart 3), and then moves into Capricornus by New Year’s Eve.
Where the Moon shines on the breast of new-fallen snow, the landscape will certainly appear bright. Look up in the sky for Earth’s nearest and brightest neighbor, known as the Yule Moon or the Cold Moon or the Full Long Nights Moon this month, as it skims past Jupiter on the evening of Christmas Day. (See Chart 4.)
Finally, if you want to take advantage of observing on a clear, moonless night, catch the peak of the Geminid meteor shower from December 13th through the 14th. You may see strays before and after those dates as well. The Geminids are likely to be best seen late on the 13th through the wee hours of the morning of the 14th, appearing to radiate from the constellation Gemini (the Twins). Just go out and look up.
Bright Jupiter stays in the vicinity of the bright star Aldebaran in Taurus (the Bull) all month long, while Mars sidles past the Teapot asterism in Sagittarius (the Archer) in the southwest sky just after sunset early in the month (see Chart 3), and then moves into Capricornus by New Year’s Eve.
Where the Moon shines on the breast of new-fallen snow, the landscape will certainly appear bright. Look up in the sky for Earth’s nearest and brightest neighbor, known as the Yule Moon or the Cold Moon or the Full Long Nights Moon this month, as it skims past Jupiter on the evening of Christmas Day. (See Chart 4.)
Finally, if you want to take advantage of observing on a clear, moonless night, catch the peak of the Geminid meteor shower from December 13th through the 14th. You may see strays before and after those dates as well. The Geminids are likely to be best seen late on the 13th through the wee hours of the morning of the 14th, appearing to radiate from the constellation Gemini (the Twins). Just go out and look up.
As you have the need or occasion to seek something beyond yourself this holiday season, choose a clear night, bundle up well, go outside, and look to the heavens. Find a favorite bright star and make it a guiding light, another holiday touchstone, that you’ll look to throughout this season. Return to it, gaze at it, ponder its distance or what makes it shine, use it to put into perspective your own time here on this Earth.
That guiding light, and your better outlook because of it, will outdo the gloom and doom to help you shine anew.
Thank you for your continuing readership this past year. Merry Christmas to all!
That guiding light, and your better outlook because of it, will outdo the gloom and doom to help you shine anew.
Thank you for your continuing readership this past year. Merry Christmas to all!
Sky Roundup Almanac for December 2012
December 6: Last Quarter Moon
December 13: New Moon; peak of the Geminid meteor shower
December 19: First Quarter Moon
December 21: Winter Solstice, 5:12 a.m. CST (Please note: Not the end of the world!)
December 25: Jupiter within ½° of waxing gibbous Moon
December 28: Full Moon
December 13: New Moon; peak of the Geminid meteor shower
December 19: First Quarter Moon
December 21: Winter Solstice, 5:12 a.m. CST (Please note: Not the end of the world!)
December 25: Jupiter within ½° of waxing gibbous Moon
December 28: Full Moon
Sky Roundup for November
Astronomical highlights for the month of November 2012
Thankful Heading
Every month, this column endeavors to bring to you just a sampling of the many splendors to be found in the night sky for most locations across the Midwest, especially as seen from the Great Lakes region. That encompasses a fairly wide swath of the United States. The positions and conjunctions of planets, interesting apparitions involving the Moon, stellar and galactic marvels, atmospheric phenomena, and occasional nuggets of folklore and astronomical history comprise much of the information conveyed by this monthly installment.
No matter the vagaries of daily life, observing celestial wonders across the night sky offers its own satisfying reward at the end of a long day. Simply opening up one’s gaze to the heavens at night presents an experience for which one can be thankful. No obligation to view what others may select. Be daring, be original. Choose a few things to look at and head in your own direction all night long.
Though a binocular or a small telescope can enhance the pleasure of viewing the heavens, no fancy equipment is required. Eyes alone often serve as the best viewer on a clear night. Scanning for meteors or spying the zodiacal light only entails that one slip outside at just the right time of night or year and for just a little while.
Of course, any good magnification one can bring to one’s observations just makes them all the more enjoyable. Snapping pictures with a camera or patiently sketching at the eyepiece both bring the reward of capturing an actual view and making a record of your experience. Your own method of record-keeping can be tailored to the time you have and the detail you seek to acquire. Some good guidelines and procedures are offered free of charge by the Astronomical League at this link for the page at its website that has links to useful observing tools.
Now let’s see where we can head this month.
Like last month and throughout November, brilliant Venus and bright Jupiter continue to rule the sky before sunrise. By morning twilight every morning this month, Venus rises later and later, eventually dropping toward the Sun, as seen from our vantage. Mighty, whitish Jupiter slowly marches majestically past the fairly bright, orangey star Aldebaran in Taurus (the Bull) all through the month, and, at the start of the month, the largest planet appears close to the waning gibbous Moon low in the east before midnight. (See Chart 1.)
Venus maintains its plunge toward the eastern horizon in the pre-dawn sky and meets the waning crescent Moon on November 11 (see Chart 2).
Distant pale Saturn stays in the Sun’s glare for the first half of this month, then emerges into morning twilight, rising ahead of our home star by mid-month. Similar to the September trio of Mars-Saturn-Spica that set with Virgo (the Maiden) after sundown, a new November trio of Venus-Saturn-Spica join the chaste goddess of the harvest and her ear of wheat, rising before sunup. A stunning conjunction of Saturn and Venus are visible before sunrise by November 27th. (See Chart 3.)
A good telescope at the correct, comfortable magnification ought to show both planets in some detail, with many-mooned Saturn and its rings tilted at a decent angle (see Chart 4 for a close-up) and brilliant Venus at its gibbous phase (see Chart 5 for its magnified view).
By month’s end, that world closest to the Sun, Mercury, in Libra (the Scales), also joins the frame of planets in the pre-dawn sky, though a clear, unobstructed horizon and decent magnification are needed to see it well. (See Chart 3 again.)
No matter the vagaries of daily life, observing celestial wonders across the night sky offers its own satisfying reward at the end of a long day. Simply opening up one’s gaze to the heavens at night presents an experience for which one can be thankful. No obligation to view what others may select. Be daring, be original. Choose a few things to look at and head in your own direction all night long.
Though a binocular or a small telescope can enhance the pleasure of viewing the heavens, no fancy equipment is required. Eyes alone often serve as the best viewer on a clear night. Scanning for meteors or spying the zodiacal light only entails that one slip outside at just the right time of night or year and for just a little while.
Of course, any good magnification one can bring to one’s observations just makes them all the more enjoyable. Snapping pictures with a camera or patiently sketching at the eyepiece both bring the reward of capturing an actual view and making a record of your experience. Your own method of record-keeping can be tailored to the time you have and the detail you seek to acquire. Some good guidelines and procedures are offered free of charge by the Astronomical League at this link for the page at its website that has links to useful observing tools.
Now let’s see where we can head this month.
Like last month and throughout November, brilliant Venus and bright Jupiter continue to rule the sky before sunrise. By morning twilight every morning this month, Venus rises later and later, eventually dropping toward the Sun, as seen from our vantage. Mighty, whitish Jupiter slowly marches majestically past the fairly bright, orangey star Aldebaran in Taurus (the Bull) all through the month, and, at the start of the month, the largest planet appears close to the waning gibbous Moon low in the east before midnight. (See Chart 1.)
Venus maintains its plunge toward the eastern horizon in the pre-dawn sky and meets the waning crescent Moon on November 11 (see Chart 2).
Distant pale Saturn stays in the Sun’s glare for the first half of this month, then emerges into morning twilight, rising ahead of our home star by mid-month. Similar to the September trio of Mars-Saturn-Spica that set with Virgo (the Maiden) after sundown, a new November trio of Venus-Saturn-Spica join the chaste goddess of the harvest and her ear of wheat, rising before sunup. A stunning conjunction of Saturn and Venus are visible before sunrise by November 27th. (See Chart 3.)
A good telescope at the correct, comfortable magnification ought to show both planets in some detail, with many-mooned Saturn and its rings tilted at a decent angle (see Chart 4 for a close-up) and brilliant Venus at its gibbous phase (see Chart 5 for its magnified view).
By month’s end, that world closest to the Sun, Mercury, in Libra (the Scales), also joins the frame of planets in the pre-dawn sky, though a clear, unobstructed horizon and decent magnification are needed to see it well. (See Chart 3 again.)
By mid-month, the cold, Red Planet Mars has moved from the vicinity of Antares, known as the “rival of Mars,” the brightest star in Scorpius (the Scorpion), and heads toward the asterism of the Teapot in Sagittarius (the Archer) by month’s end (see Chart 6), where the waxing crescent Moon slides past by November 16th after an early sunset.
This month’s lunar neighbor is known as the Beaver Moon, since, in early American times during November, one might set beaver traps before swamps froze, to ensure a supply of warm winter furs, and because beavers are active just before winter; its appearance was also known as the Frost Moon.
If it’s thankfully not too cloudy around the middle of the month, one might venture out to glimpse the Leonid meteor shower, an annual phenomenon that arrives in our skies for a few nights around November 17th. Appearing to emanate from the constellation of Leo (the Lion) well after midnight, the meteors will head out of the star pattern as quick streaks of light. (See Chart 7, showing Leo’s brightest star Regulus for orientation.)
This is a good month to be thankful for many things, including the chance to head outside and glimpse the many marvels of the night sky. By the way, when you get back inside and head to bed on November 4th, be sure to set your clock back one hour to go back to standard time and thankfully get back that hour of sleep you lost last Spring.
This month’s lunar neighbor is known as the Beaver Moon, since, in early American times during November, one might set beaver traps before swamps froze, to ensure a supply of warm winter furs, and because beavers are active just before winter; its appearance was also known as the Frost Moon.
If it’s thankfully not too cloudy around the middle of the month, one might venture out to glimpse the Leonid meteor shower, an annual phenomenon that arrives in our skies for a few nights around November 17th. Appearing to emanate from the constellation of Leo (the Lion) well after midnight, the meteors will head out of the star pattern as quick streaks of light. (See Chart 7, showing Leo’s brightest star Regulus for orientation.)
This is a good month to be thankful for many things, including the chance to head outside and glimpse the many marvels of the night sky. By the way, when you get back inside and head to bed on November 4th, be sure to set your clock back one hour to go back to standard time and thankfully get back that hour of sleep you lost last Spring.
Sky Roundup Almanac for November 2012
November 4: By 2 a.m., set clocks back one hour to end Daylight Saving Time and go back to Standard Time
November 6: Last Quarter Moon
November 13: New Moon
November 17: Leonid meteor shower
November 20: First Quarter Moon
November 27: Conjunction of Venus and Saturn
November 28: Full Moon
November 6: Last Quarter Moon
November 13: New Moon
November 17: Leonid meteor shower
November 20: First Quarter Moon
November 27: Conjunction of Venus and Saturn
November 28: Full Moon
Sky Roundup for October
Astronomical highlights for the month of October 2012
October Hunting
The night air gets brisk, but the hunt for our night-sky favorites goes on all month.
Throughout this month, brilliant Venus and bright Jupiter still dominate the sky before sunrise. On October 2nd and 3rd, Venus passes close to the bright star Regulus in Leo (the Lion). At low magnification, a good binocular or small telescope can show them together clearly in the same field of view. (See Chart 1.)
In morning twilight, Venus hangs in the eastern sky with the waning crescent Moon on October 12 (see Chart 2) while Jupiter is poised in the west between the horns of Taurus (the Bull) by the end of the month (see Chart 3).
Distant pale Saturn is in conjunction with the Sun and becomes lost in its glare for this month. Hot little Mercury is difficult to see, too, for the same reason, but becomes just visible in evening twilight by month’s end in Scorpius (the Scorpion).
Late in the month, the Red Planet Mars stand just north of Antares, known as the “rival of Mars,” the brightest star in Scorpius. Both make an orangey pair in evening twilight, close to the horizon, just after sunset. (See Chart 4.)
Throughout this month, brilliant Venus and bright Jupiter still dominate the sky before sunrise. On October 2nd and 3rd, Venus passes close to the bright star Regulus in Leo (the Lion). At low magnification, a good binocular or small telescope can show them together clearly in the same field of view. (See Chart 1.)
In morning twilight, Venus hangs in the eastern sky with the waning crescent Moon on October 12 (see Chart 2) while Jupiter is poised in the west between the horns of Taurus (the Bull) by the end of the month (see Chart 3).
Distant pale Saturn is in conjunction with the Sun and becomes lost in its glare for this month. Hot little Mercury is difficult to see, too, for the same reason, but becomes just visible in evening twilight by month’s end in Scorpius (the Scorpion).
Late in the month, the Red Planet Mars stand just north of Antares, known as the “rival of Mars,” the brightest star in Scorpius. Both make an orangey pair in evening twilight, close to the horizon, just after sunset. (See Chart 4.)
The Hunter’s Moon puts in its appearance near the end of the month. This is the Full Moon after the traditional Harvest Moon in September; but, recall that last month’s Full Moon occurred late in the month, nearly a week after the autumnal equinox, and so was known as the Full Fruit or Barley Moon.
Grab a scope or a good binocular and scout about the night sky all month long.
Grab a scope or a good binocular and scout about the night sky all month long.
Sky Roundup Almanac for October 2012
October 3: Venus and Regulus close together
October 8: Last Quarter Moon
October 15: New Moon
October 21: First Quarter Moon
October 29: Full Moon
October 8: Last Quarter Moon
October 15: New Moon
October 21: First Quarter Moon
October 29: Full Moon
Sky Roundup for September
Astronomical highlights for the month of September 2012
Fall into September
This month carries us from Summer to Autumn, a transition that often is popularly heralded as Labor Day, but which occurs astronomically this year on September 22nd at 9:49 a.m. CDT.
At this month’s start, just like last month, you can still observe brilliant Venus and bright Jupiter above the horizon in the eastern sky before sunrise. Bright white Jupiter pairs with the orangey glow of the star Aldebaran in Taurus (the Bull). (See Chart 1.) The two bright planets appear to move farther apart in morning twilight as the month progresses.
Last month’s trio of Mars, Saturn, and Spica start to move apart in Virgo (the Maiden) as they head early to the western horizon just after sunset. But by mid-month, Mars has quickly moved into Libra (the Scales) and sidles up to that constellation’s brightest star with the fun name of Zubenelgenubi. (See Chart 2.) By month’s end, the Red Planet heads toward the bright star Antares in neighboring Scorpius, where it will appear next month in conjunction as a neat orangey pair to look for in the pre-dawn sky.
Just like last month, mid-month in September also shows the faraway planet Uranus nearly due south by midnight (see Chart 3, where red tick marks show its location). Uranus reaches opposition this month on the 29th, which means that the Earth is between the planet and the Sun, placing that world at its best for observing. Even more distant Neptune is visible in the same large swath of southern sky (see Chart 4, where red tick marks show its location). And, as in August, both planets in September continue to rise earlier each evening and both of these faraway worlds require a large telescope to glimpse them distinctly.
At this month’s start, just like last month, you can still observe brilliant Venus and bright Jupiter above the horizon in the eastern sky before sunrise. Bright white Jupiter pairs with the orangey glow of the star Aldebaran in Taurus (the Bull). (See Chart 1.) The two bright planets appear to move farther apart in morning twilight as the month progresses.
Last month’s trio of Mars, Saturn, and Spica start to move apart in Virgo (the Maiden) as they head early to the western horizon just after sunset. But by mid-month, Mars has quickly moved into Libra (the Scales) and sidles up to that constellation’s brightest star with the fun name of Zubenelgenubi. (See Chart 2.) By month’s end, the Red Planet heads toward the bright star Antares in neighboring Scorpius, where it will appear next month in conjunction as a neat orangey pair to look for in the pre-dawn sky.
Just like last month, mid-month in September also shows the faraway planet Uranus nearly due south by midnight (see Chart 3, where red tick marks show its location). Uranus reaches opposition this month on the 29th, which means that the Earth is between the planet and the Sun, placing that world at its best for observing. Even more distant Neptune is visible in the same large swath of southern sky (see Chart 4, where red tick marks show its location). And, as in August, both planets in September continue to rise earlier each evening and both of these faraway worlds require a large telescope to glimpse them distinctly.
The Moon goes through its usual phases, but September’s Full Moon occurs late in the month, nearly a week after the autumnal equinox; so, instead of being known as the Harvest Moon, it’s known as the Full Fruit or Barley Moon in American Indian lore.
One wonderful feature worth rising to see later this month is the zodiacal light. It is best seen for about two weeks in Spring after sunset and in Autumn before sunrise. Starting by mid-month, one should be able to see the wedge of the so-called “false dawn” stretching up at an angle from the eastern horizon. In rural areas, it is unmistakable in its appearance about an hour before sunup. Too, with a digital camera and a normal camera lens, it’s easy to snap an image of it.
It’s the month that signals the end of Summer and the start of Autumn. Plenty to see and to fall into this month.
One wonderful feature worth rising to see later this month is the zodiacal light. It is best seen for about two weeks in Spring after sunset and in Autumn before sunrise. Starting by mid-month, one should be able to see the wedge of the so-called “false dawn” stretching up at an angle from the eastern horizon. In rural areas, it is unmistakable in its appearance about an hour before sunup. Too, with a digital camera and a normal camera lens, it’s easy to snap an image of it.
It’s the month that signals the end of Summer and the start of Autumn. Plenty to see and to fall into this month.
Sky Roundup Almanac for September 2012
September 8: Last Quarter Moon
September 16: New Moon
September 22: Autumnal Equinox, the first day of Fall, at 9:49 a.m. CDT
September 23: First Quarter Moon
September 30: Full Moon
September 16: New Moon
September 22: Autumnal Equinox, the first day of Fall, at 9:49 a.m. CDT
September 23: First Quarter Moon
September 30: Full Moon
Sky Roundup for August
Astronomical highlights for the month of August 2012
Full Moons and Mighty Meteors
This month is just packed with night after night of summer delights.
Right at the start of the month, one can go out before sunrise and catch brilliant Venus and bright Jupiter above the horizon in the eastern sky in morning twilight. (See Chart 1.) Then turn around and you can glimpse the Moon, low in the western sky before dawn. It'll be in its full phase later that same day, making it the first Full Moon of the month. That’s right, the first Full Moon. This is a month for two full moons. The next one occurs on August 31st.
As popularly known, the second Full Moon in a single month is called a “blue moon,” apparently to signify its rarity of occurrence. However, more accurately, a blue moon refers to the third full moon in a season of four full moons.
A fine trio of Mars, Saturn, and Spica move together in Virgo (the Maiden) all month long. By mid-month, the three are in conjunction, rising straight up from the western horizon just after sunset on August 13th. (See Chart 2.) This sight ought to look great in binoculars or a small telescope, and, will offer a decent chance to compose a fine shot for film and digital cameras alike.
Every clear night this month offers a splendid view of the summer’s best Messier objects. The clusters and nebulae, first catalogued and published over 235 years ago by French astronomer Charles Messier, sparkle across the sky from late evening to the wee hours of the morning after midnight. Within that general span of time, the best of Messier’s objects are fairly high in the sky as one faces the constellations of Scutum (the Shield), Sagittarius (the Archer) and Scorpius (the Scorpion) in the south. (See Chart 3.)
Mid-month also shows the faraway planet Uranus in the east-southeast sky by midnight (see Chart 4) and even more distant Neptune (see Chart 5). Both planets continue to rise earlier each evening and both of these faraway worlds requires a large telescope to glimpse them distinctly.
Right at the start of the month, one can go out before sunrise and catch brilliant Venus and bright Jupiter above the horizon in the eastern sky in morning twilight. (See Chart 1.) Then turn around and you can glimpse the Moon, low in the western sky before dawn. It'll be in its full phase later that same day, making it the first Full Moon of the month. That’s right, the first Full Moon. This is a month for two full moons. The next one occurs on August 31st.
As popularly known, the second Full Moon in a single month is called a “blue moon,” apparently to signify its rarity of occurrence. However, more accurately, a blue moon refers to the third full moon in a season of four full moons.
A fine trio of Mars, Saturn, and Spica move together in Virgo (the Maiden) all month long. By mid-month, the three are in conjunction, rising straight up from the western horizon just after sunset on August 13th. (See Chart 2.) This sight ought to look great in binoculars or a small telescope, and, will offer a decent chance to compose a fine shot for film and digital cameras alike.
Every clear night this month offers a splendid view of the summer’s best Messier objects. The clusters and nebulae, first catalogued and published over 235 years ago by French astronomer Charles Messier, sparkle across the sky from late evening to the wee hours of the morning after midnight. Within that general span of time, the best of Messier’s objects are fairly high in the sky as one faces the constellations of Scutum (the Shield), Sagittarius (the Archer) and Scorpius (the Scorpion) in the south. (See Chart 3.)
Mid-month also shows the faraway planet Uranus in the east-southeast sky by midnight (see Chart 4) and even more distant Neptune (see Chart 5). Both planets continue to rise earlier each evening and both of these faraway worlds requires a large telescope to glimpse them distinctly.
Since the Moon’s phase appears as a waning crescent by mid-August, it will rise well after midnight; so, the night sky may well be set for the annual Perseid meteor shower. Without the bright light of the Moon flooding the late evening sky, this famous shower of sparkling meteors, long smoky trains, and occasional fireballs may provide a rewarding sight for a relaxing summer night’s skywatching.
Many folks seem to take off the month of August for vacations to faraway locales or to getaways in search of peace and quiet. But all month long you can enjoy your own escape to places light-years from everywhere and find that solitude just outside and up in the night sky.
Many folks seem to take off the month of August for vacations to faraway locales or to getaways in search of peace and quiet. But all month long you can enjoy your own escape to places light-years from everywhere and find that solitude just outside and up in the night sky.
Sky Roundup Almanac for August 2012
August 1: Full Moon
August 9: Last Quarter Moon
August 12: Peak of Perseid meteor shower
August 17: New Moon
August 24: First Quarter Moon
August 31: Full Moon
August 9: Last Quarter Moon
August 12: Peak of Perseid meteor shower
August 17: New Moon
August 24: First Quarter Moon
August 31: Full Moon
Sky Roundup for July
Astronomical highlights for the month of July 2012
Red, White, Blue
Not only is it a patriotic month and a time for parades and waving the colors, but the sky coincidentally celebrates with its own hint of partisan hues and supporting fireworks.
More pink than red in appearance, small, hot Mercury, known as an inferior planet due to its proximity to the Sun from our vantage, remains from last month in evening twilight in the western sky after sunset while huge Jupiter has emerged fully into morning twilight but with the other inferior planet, brilliant Venus. On the morning of July 4th both Venus and Jupiter align with reddish Aldebaran to stand straight up from the eastern horizon. Certainly not an inferior sight to view. (See Chart 1.) A few days later on July 9th, bright white Venus parades close to rosy Aldebaran, both of which can be glimpsed in a binocular or small telescope. (See Chart 2.)
The waning crescent Moon, the asteroid Vesta, and dwarf planet Ceres rally with Jupiter and Venus in the constellation Taurus (the Bull) with its brightest star Aldebaran at midmonth in the eastern sky before dawn. (See Chart 3 for the approximate location of Vesta. See Chart 4 for the location of Ceres. Each appears as a white speck in binoculars or small scopes.)
Still a pinkish orange dot, the red planet Mars marches squarely into Virgo (the Maiden) to join the pale planet Saturn. By month’s end, the ruddy one and the pale one parade slowly closer together with the waxing crescent Moon and low in the western sky by 10 p.m. (See Chart 5.)
Mid-month also shows the distant planet Neptune nearly due south well after midnight. The faraway world requires a large telescope to glimpse it as a distinctly bluish dot. (See Chart 6.)
To cap off the month, and in the same part of the sky where finds watery blue Neptune, the Delta Aquarid meteor shower puts on a show for us summertime observers.
Nature’s own fireworks grace the sky as faint meteors of medium speed appear to shoot from the part of the sky north of the medium-bright star, Fomalhaut, between the constellations Piscis Austrinus (the Southern Fishes) and Aquarius (the Water-Bearer). On July 28-29 is the expected peak of these fiery high-altitude fireworks, with some of the better viewing of the faint, bluish white trains from midnight till dawn.
More pink than red in appearance, small, hot Mercury, known as an inferior planet due to its proximity to the Sun from our vantage, remains from last month in evening twilight in the western sky after sunset while huge Jupiter has emerged fully into morning twilight but with the other inferior planet, brilliant Venus. On the morning of July 4th both Venus and Jupiter align with reddish Aldebaran to stand straight up from the eastern horizon. Certainly not an inferior sight to view. (See Chart 1.) A few days later on July 9th, bright white Venus parades close to rosy Aldebaran, both of which can be glimpsed in a binocular or small telescope. (See Chart 2.)
The waning crescent Moon, the asteroid Vesta, and dwarf planet Ceres rally with Jupiter and Venus in the constellation Taurus (the Bull) with its brightest star Aldebaran at midmonth in the eastern sky before dawn. (See Chart 3 for the approximate location of Vesta. See Chart 4 for the location of Ceres. Each appears as a white speck in binoculars or small scopes.)
Still a pinkish orange dot, the red planet Mars marches squarely into Virgo (the Maiden) to join the pale planet Saturn. By month’s end, the ruddy one and the pale one parade slowly closer together with the waxing crescent Moon and low in the western sky by 10 p.m. (See Chart 5.)
Mid-month also shows the distant planet Neptune nearly due south well after midnight. The faraway world requires a large telescope to glimpse it as a distinctly bluish dot. (See Chart 6.)
To cap off the month, and in the same part of the sky where finds watery blue Neptune, the Delta Aquarid meteor shower puts on a show for us summertime observers.
Nature’s own fireworks grace the sky as faint meteors of medium speed appear to shoot from the part of the sky north of the medium-bright star, Fomalhaut, between the constellations Piscis Austrinus (the Southern Fishes) and Aquarius (the Water-Bearer). On July 28-29 is the expected peak of these fiery high-altitude fireworks, with some of the better viewing of the faint, bluish white trains from midnight till dawn.
Red, white, and blue colors, though subtle as they appear in the night sky, mark the month of July and make it worthwhile to command attention and watch awhile.
Sky Roundup Almanac for July 2012
July 3: Full Moon
July 10: Last Quarter Moon
July 18: New Moon
July 26: First Quarter Moon
July 29: Peak of Delta Aquarid meteor shower
July 10: Last Quarter Moon
July 18: New Moon
July 26: First Quarter Moon
July 29: Peak of Delta Aquarid meteor shower
Sky Roundup for June
Astronomical highlights for the month of June 2012
In Transit
Most astronomy blogs and websites this month are likely geared up for a rare spectacle in the daytime sky. On Tuesday, June 5th, the planet Venus will move across the face of the Sun as seen from our vantage on Earth. In astronomical parlance, it’s known as a transit. And it's well worth the effort to transit to a suitable place to see it.
It’s a twice-in-a-lifetime event, an unusual one that happens in pairs, not to be missed. That is, it’s happened once before, eight years ago, and is on schedule to happen again this year. There won’t be another pair of transits within our lifetime. The last time this event occurred was in 2004, when the hot, cloudy planet skimmed the lower half of the Sun’s disk. The transit was already in progress by dawn, for those of us in the Midwest. This time in 2012 the planet can be glimpsed, but in late afternoon just before sunset.
Of course, it should go without saying that observing the Sun is undertaken with care and protection of the eyes. A glimpse through a welder’s glass might be sufficient, but a well equipped telescope with an appropriate solar filter is the best way to go. And it’s not too difficult to take digital photos directly through the eyepiece of one’s telescope.
For complete information on the transit of Venus, go to this link.
Venus passes in front of the Sun as we see it; so, let’s see how the other planets fare this month as they, too, continue in transit around the Sun.
Small Mercury and huge Jupiter remain lost in the glare of the Sun for most of the month, but both emerge into twilight by the latter half of the month. Mercury hangs in the western sky just after sunset as it moves into evening twilight while Jupiter rises ahead of the Sun and into morning twilight. It pairs with brilliant Venus for the last week of June for a dazzling pre-dawn apparition, reminiscent of the same pairing earlier this year before sunset. (See Chart 1.)
Still a pinkish orange dot, Mars remains with Leo (the Lion), heading to the west by midnight at the start of the month. (See Chart 2.) By month’s end, Mars reaches the vicinity of that same horizon two hours earlier.
It’s a twice-in-a-lifetime event, an unusual one that happens in pairs, not to be missed. That is, it’s happened once before, eight years ago, and is on schedule to happen again this year. There won’t be another pair of transits within our lifetime. The last time this event occurred was in 2004, when the hot, cloudy planet skimmed the lower half of the Sun’s disk. The transit was already in progress by dawn, for those of us in the Midwest. This time in 2012 the planet can be glimpsed, but in late afternoon just before sunset.
Of course, it should go without saying that observing the Sun is undertaken with care and protection of the eyes. A glimpse through a welder’s glass might be sufficient, but a well equipped telescope with an appropriate solar filter is the best way to go. And it’s not too difficult to take digital photos directly through the eyepiece of one’s telescope.
For complete information on the transit of Venus, go to this link.
Venus passes in front of the Sun as we see it; so, let’s see how the other planets fare this month as they, too, continue in transit around the Sun.
Small Mercury and huge Jupiter remain lost in the glare of the Sun for most of the month, but both emerge into twilight by the latter half of the month. Mercury hangs in the western sky just after sunset as it moves into evening twilight while Jupiter rises ahead of the Sun and into morning twilight. It pairs with brilliant Venus for the last week of June for a dazzling pre-dawn apparition, reminiscent of the same pairing earlier this year before sunset. (See Chart 1.)
Still a pinkish orange dot, Mars remains with Leo (the Lion), heading to the west by midnight at the start of the month. (See Chart 2.) By month’s end, Mars reaches the vicinity of that same horizon two hours earlier.
Wizened Saturn remains with the young maiden Virgo all month long, as its rings tilt our way for a splendid telescopic view any clear night. Both Uranus in Pisces (the Fishes) and Neptune in Aquarius (the Water-Bearer) have moved to the morning sky and rise ahead of the Sun. A sizable telescope still is needed to glimpse either one.
Right now we’re in transit from Spring to Summer, and the transit of Venus on rare display early in this month is a fine omen to remind us that though seasons change, the heavens still move subtly, beautifully, to a quiet rhythm all their own.
Right now we’re in transit from Spring to Summer, and the transit of Venus on rare display early in this month is a fine omen to remind us that though seasons change, the heavens still move subtly, beautifully, to a quiet rhythm all their own.
UPDATE: As of this writing for Sky Roundup, the transit of Venus has just passed, and, from this vantage, it was a spectacular sight! Truly an awesome astronomical event to witness. By the way, just for comparison, digital images from the times that the two transits were most recently viewed, namely, 2004 and 2012, are shown (below). The image on the left shows Venus at third contact in 2004; the image on the right, at second contact in 2012. Both images were taken with the same Brandon refractor and a digital camera, but, at different image scales, and subsequently cropped to fit here. (Photos by Roy Kaelin.)
Sky Roundup Almanac for June 2012
June 4: Full Moon
June 5: Transit of Venus
June 11: Last Quarter Moon
June 19: New Moon
June 26: First Quarter Moon
June 5: Transit of Venus
June 11: Last Quarter Moon
June 19: New Moon
June 26: First Quarter Moon
Sky Roundup for May
Astronomical highlights for the month of May 2012
We May Have a Good Time After All
The month of May arrives with Spring in full swing. April showers did their job and brought forth the May flowers. We managed to slip past the season of Winter without much snow or deep cold. That doesn’t say anything about trends in climate; rather, it’s one more season to skew average temperatures slightly upward for this calendar year.
Brilliant Venus slips through Auriga (the Charioteer) at the start of the month and drifts steadily closer to the Sun in evening twilight all month long, while massive Jupiter is already lost in the glare of the Sun by mid-month.
Small Mercury remains lost all month long, too, after it, like big Jupiter, slips into the glare of the Sun. A pinkish orange dot, Mars stays with Leo (the Lion), moving away from the fairly bright star Regulus in the eastern sky after sunset throughout May.
Stately Saturn, of course, still slowly courses though Virgo (the Maiden), appears to move north of the bright Spica, and remains visible all night long. Both Uranus and Neptune have moved to the morning sky and rise ahead of the Sun. A sizable telescope still is needed to glimpse either one.
Brilliant Venus slips through Auriga (the Charioteer) at the start of the month and drifts steadily closer to the Sun in evening twilight all month long, while massive Jupiter is already lost in the glare of the Sun by mid-month.
Small Mercury remains lost all month long, too, after it, like big Jupiter, slips into the glare of the Sun. A pinkish orange dot, Mars stays with Leo (the Lion), moving away from the fairly bright star Regulus in the eastern sky after sunset throughout May.
Stately Saturn, of course, still slowly courses though Virgo (the Maiden), appears to move north of the bright Spica, and remains visible all night long. Both Uranus and Neptune have moved to the morning sky and rise ahead of the Sun. A sizable telescope still is needed to glimpse either one.
The Moon puts in a big appearance, too. On May 5th, a so-called “Super Moon” will be visible. This simply means that the closest approach, or perigee, of the Moon to Earth coincides with its Full Moon phase, making the Moon appear marginally larger than usual. Still worth a look no matter its size or phase.
May’s flowers are all a'bloom. After the clouds have passed, it’s time once again to haul out the scopes and aim skyward. For a good time this month, look up.
May’s flowers are all a'bloom. After the clouds have passed, it’s time once again to haul out the scopes and aim skyward. For a good time this month, look up.
Sky Roundup Almanac for May 2012
May 5: Full Moon
May 12: Last Quarter Moon
May 20: New Moon
May 28: First Quarter Moon
May 12: Last Quarter Moon
May 20: New Moon
May 28: First Quarter Moon
Sky Roundup for April
Astronomical highlights for the month of April 2012
Don't Be a Fool
As part of the celebration of watching the Earth green with the start of Spring, this month starts with its own playfulness in the tradition of April Fool’s Day. But a month of worthwhile observing is no joke, though the unsettled weather may seem like Mother Nature is teasing all of us. Get out under the stars, between the April showers, and take wise stock of the skies above.
By month’s start, mighty Jupiter continues to slowly slide through Aries (the Ram) and drifts into the early evening’s twilight through the latter half of the month. Brilliant Venus slides past the Pleiades in Taurus at the beginning of the month, passes north of the Hyades by mid-month (see Chart 1), and moves into Auriga by the end of the month.
Small, hot Mercury remains fairly lost in the glare of the Sun for most of the month, but does reach its greatest angular distance west of the Sun on April 18th, known as greatest elongation, emerging in the eastern sky at morning twilight by month’s end. (See Chart 2.)
Cold, orangey Mars remains in Leo (the Lion), rising earlier every evening throughout the month, appearing its highest in the sky this month, and gliding to the left of the bright star Regulus in the eastern sky after sunset throughout April.
Pale yellow Saturn, in Virgo (the Maiden), rising before midnight, stays in the vicinity of Spica, its brightest star, and is visible all night long. (See Chart 3.) A fair-sized telescope is needed to view Saturn in detail. A sample of that view for Saturn at mid-month, about 3 a.m., shows its famous rings and several of its many moons. (See Chart 4.)
Faraway Uranus is marginally higher in the morning sky than Mercury, but remains lost in the glare of the rising Sun. A sizable telescope would be needed to glimpse it. More distant Neptune emerges into morning twilight by the start of the month, and also remains as elusive as Uranus in morning twilight. (See Chart 5, where the red tick marks show Neptune’s
location.)
By month’s start, mighty Jupiter continues to slowly slide through Aries (the Ram) and drifts into the early evening’s twilight through the latter half of the month. Brilliant Venus slides past the Pleiades in Taurus at the beginning of the month, passes north of the Hyades by mid-month (see Chart 1), and moves into Auriga by the end of the month.
Small, hot Mercury remains fairly lost in the glare of the Sun for most of the month, but does reach its greatest angular distance west of the Sun on April 18th, known as greatest elongation, emerging in the eastern sky at morning twilight by month’s end. (See Chart 2.)
Cold, orangey Mars remains in Leo (the Lion), rising earlier every evening throughout the month, appearing its highest in the sky this month, and gliding to the left of the bright star Regulus in the eastern sky after sunset throughout April.
Pale yellow Saturn, in Virgo (the Maiden), rising before midnight, stays in the vicinity of Spica, its brightest star, and is visible all night long. (See Chart 3.) A fair-sized telescope is needed to view Saturn in detail. A sample of that view for Saturn at mid-month, about 3 a.m., shows its famous rings and several of its many moons. (See Chart 4.)
Faraway Uranus is marginally higher in the morning sky than Mercury, but remains lost in the glare of the rising Sun. A sizable telescope would be needed to glimpse it. More distant Neptune emerges into morning twilight by the start of the month, and also remains as elusive as Uranus in morning twilight. (See Chart 5, where the red tick marks show Neptune’s
location.)
Of course, in this month of April, even with its proverbial showers that bring May flowers, it’d be foolish to miss out on the wonders of the night sky.
Sky Roundup Almanac for April 2012
April 5: Full Moon
April 12: Last Quarter Moon
April 18: Mercury at greatest western elongation
April 20: New Moon
April 28: First Quarter Moon
April 12: Last Quarter Moon
April 18: Mercury at greatest western elongation
April 20: New Moon
April 28: First Quarter Moon
Sky Roundup for March
Astronomical highlights for the month of March 2012
March Forth
There’s a childhood joke, a playful pun, that goes like this: What’s the one date that gives a command? The answer: March 4th. That’s it; nothing more to it. It’s not high comedy, but it’s a good reminder how we should treat our sky gazing this month. The weather’s blustery, even violent with tornadoes, as a global regime of winter weather in the Northern Hemisphere eventually gets replaced by the rule of its opposite season of summer. Still, we should forge ahead undaunted on clear nights and work to get out as often as we can this month.
Here’s what will make it worthwhile:
A veritable line-up of our planetary neighbors starts the month of March. Just after sunset and moving up from the western horizon, the planets Mercury, Uranus, Venus and Jupiter make a pleasing sight. For those with telescopes large enough, two of the larger asteroids Ceres and Vesta can also be glimpsed. (See Chart 1. The fainter objects are found on the chart just to the left of the first letter of their name.)
Mercury hugs the horizon all month as it drifts back toward the glare of the setting Sun. More visible in their appearance, Venus and Jupiter pair nicely in evening twilight for a striking apparition. On March 13th the two bright planets dominate the evening sky in the west with their closest apparent approach to one another. (See Chart 2.)
By month’s end, Jupiter, still in Aries (the Ram), drifts toward the western horizon, but remains bright with brilliant Venus in evening twilight. By the way, at this time, too, Venus closes in on the Pleiades, making for a fine sight in binoculars.
On March 25th after sunset, a slim crescent Moon passes above Jupiter and then to the side of Venus on March 26th. (See Chart 3.)
Mars in Leo (the Lion), a fairly bright orange dot in the night sky, rises earlier every evening throughout the month and continues to drift toward the bright star Regulus in the eastern sky at sunset. This is an effect of playing catch-up (or retrograde motion) as the Earth overtakes Mars in its orbit around the Sun.
More significant is that Mars reaches opposition on March 3rd, which means the cold, dusty planet shines at its brightest. That is, in catching up to Mars, Earth now is poised between the Red Planet and the Sun, which means that Mars is not only its closest to Earth and appears bright but is seen rising as the Sun sets, hence the term opposition, for Mars appears opposite the Sun in the sky. (See Chart 4 for Mars at month’s end.)
Saturn, in Virgo (the Maiden), rising earlier every evening, slowly drifts to the side of Spica, its brightest star, but still remains in that constellation and visible all night till sunup. (See Chart 5 for Saturn at month’s end).
Distant Neptune remains lost in the glare of the Sun.
In this month, one can also boldly step out to attempt a Messier marathon. This is an annual ritual for many intrepid amateur astronomers, who seek to observe, in a single night, all of the nebulae, galaxies, and star clusters once catalogued by Parisian astronomer Charles Messier (pronounced mess-see-yay). A telescope, binoculars, and a set of star charts are required to make this a worthwhile endeavor.
Local astronomy clubs will likely host an observing site or post observing tips for members and public alike. One outfit that does a good job at organizing star parties is the Sangamon Astronomical Society, headquartered in central Illinois, which is hosting its own annual gathering. Details are found here.
Here’s what will make it worthwhile:
A veritable line-up of our planetary neighbors starts the month of March. Just after sunset and moving up from the western horizon, the planets Mercury, Uranus, Venus and Jupiter make a pleasing sight. For those with telescopes large enough, two of the larger asteroids Ceres and Vesta can also be glimpsed. (See Chart 1. The fainter objects are found on the chart just to the left of the first letter of their name.)
Mercury hugs the horizon all month as it drifts back toward the glare of the setting Sun. More visible in their appearance, Venus and Jupiter pair nicely in evening twilight for a striking apparition. On March 13th the two bright planets dominate the evening sky in the west with their closest apparent approach to one another. (See Chart 2.)
By month’s end, Jupiter, still in Aries (the Ram), drifts toward the western horizon, but remains bright with brilliant Venus in evening twilight. By the way, at this time, too, Venus closes in on the Pleiades, making for a fine sight in binoculars.
On March 25th after sunset, a slim crescent Moon passes above Jupiter and then to the side of Venus on March 26th. (See Chart 3.)
Mars in Leo (the Lion), a fairly bright orange dot in the night sky, rises earlier every evening throughout the month and continues to drift toward the bright star Regulus in the eastern sky at sunset. This is an effect of playing catch-up (or retrograde motion) as the Earth overtakes Mars in its orbit around the Sun.
More significant is that Mars reaches opposition on March 3rd, which means the cold, dusty planet shines at its brightest. That is, in catching up to Mars, Earth now is poised between the Red Planet and the Sun, which means that Mars is not only its closest to Earth and appears bright but is seen rising as the Sun sets, hence the term opposition, for Mars appears opposite the Sun in the sky. (See Chart 4 for Mars at month’s end.)
Saturn, in Virgo (the Maiden), rising earlier every evening, slowly drifts to the side of Spica, its brightest star, but still remains in that constellation and visible all night till sunup. (See Chart 5 for Saturn at month’s end).
Distant Neptune remains lost in the glare of the Sun.
In this month, one can also boldly step out to attempt a Messier marathon. This is an annual ritual for many intrepid amateur astronomers, who seek to observe, in a single night, all of the nebulae, galaxies, and star clusters once catalogued by Parisian astronomer Charles Messier (pronounced mess-see-yay). A telescope, binoculars, and a set of star charts are required to make this a worthwhile endeavor.
Local astronomy clubs will likely host an observing site or post observing tips for members and public alike. One outfit that does a good job at organizing star parties is the Sangamon Astronomical Society, headquartered in central Illinois, which is hosting its own annual gathering. Details are found here.
Celestial phenomena don’t wait to be observed, so march forth into the night and watch the skies.
Sky Roundup Almanac for March 2012
March 3: Mars at opposition.
March 7: Moon 9 degrees SSW of Mars.
March 8: Full Moon.
March 11: Daylight Saving Time in USA starts. Set clocks ahead one hour. Moon 6 degrees SSW of Saturn.
March 14: Last Quarter Moon.
March 16: Moon 1.5 degrees SSW of Pluto.
March 20: Vernal Equinox, first day of Spring, arrives at 12:14 a.m., CDT; Moon 5.5 degrees NNW of Neptune.
March 22: New Moon; Moon 1.5 degrees NNW of Mercury; Moon 5.2 degrees NNW of Uranus.
March 25: Moon 3 degrees N of Jupiter.
March 26: Moon 2 degrees SSE of Venus.
March 30: First Quarter Moon.
March 7: Moon 9 degrees SSW of Mars.
March 8: Full Moon.
March 11: Daylight Saving Time in USA starts. Set clocks ahead one hour. Moon 6 degrees SSW of Saturn.
March 14: Last Quarter Moon.
March 16: Moon 1.5 degrees SSW of Pluto.
March 20: Vernal Equinox, first day of Spring, arrives at 12:14 a.m., CDT; Moon 5.5 degrees NNW of Neptune.
March 22: New Moon; Moon 1.5 degrees NNW of Mercury; Moon 5.2 degrees NNW of Uranus.
March 25: Moon 3 degrees N of Jupiter.
March 26: Moon 2 degrees SSE of Venus.
March 30: First Quarter Moon.
Sky Roundup for February
Astronomical highlights for the month of February 2012
A Short Month Just a Little Longer
The month of February this year, a leap year, has 29 days, one more to let us see the winter sky. That extra day allows us to see all of the major phases (i.e., New, Full, First and Last Quarters) of the Moon. Had there been the usual 28 days of February, we’d just miss the First Quarter this month.
For American Indians, February's full Moon was called the Full Snow Moon, since the heaviest snow usually was known to fall during this month. It was also referred to as the Full Hunger Moon, due to harsh weather conditions, making hunting difficult.
Here’s a short rundown of the planets for this short month that’s just a little longer.
Mars in Leo (the Lion) appears as a brighter and bigger orange dot in the eastern sky as Earth in its orbit begins to catch up with the Red Planet in its own orbit. Where Mars appeared to be dropping out of Leo last month, the planet this month appears now to move slowly westward, that is, back into Leo and toward the bright star Regulus. This is an effect of playing catch-up. That is, as Earth catches up to Mars, the Red Planet seems to move backward (called retrograde motion) against the backdrop of stars in the night sky. (See Chart 1, below, for Mars at mid-month just after midnight.)
Opposite Mars is brilliant Venus still close to the western horizon this month. Moving amid the stars of Aquarius (the Water-Bearer) at the start of the month (see Chart 2, below), Venus appears against the backdrop of stars in Pisces (the Fishes) by the end of the month (see Chart 3, below). Note, too, that brightest planet begins to pair with the largest planet.
Jupiter now in Aries (the Ram), also rising earlier and earlier, can be found in the western sky all month long, setting before midnight (see Chart 3 again) and looking stunning when paired with Venus later in the month.
Saturn, in Virgo (the Maiden), remains parked in that constellation and is still visible in morning twilight before sunup. But, as with Mars, Saturn will exhibit retrograde motion, too, as Earth passes Saturn, making the Ringed Planet appear to drift westward back toward the star Spica (See Chart 4, below, at month’s end).
Still as in previous months, distant Uranus in Pisces (the Fishes) is just visible before evening twilight in the western sky by mid-month. (See Chart 5.) Note that the tiny greenish dot of Uranus appears close to the brilliant large dot of Venus. (To find it in a telescope, use the red tick marks to show the location of Uranus close to Venus.) Also, note that the asteroid Ceres (now known as a dwarf planet) is also in the vicinity.
Distant Neptune is lost in the glare of the Sun.
For American Indians, February's full Moon was called the Full Snow Moon, since the heaviest snow usually was known to fall during this month. It was also referred to as the Full Hunger Moon, due to harsh weather conditions, making hunting difficult.
Here’s a short rundown of the planets for this short month that’s just a little longer.
Mars in Leo (the Lion) appears as a brighter and bigger orange dot in the eastern sky as Earth in its orbit begins to catch up with the Red Planet in its own orbit. Where Mars appeared to be dropping out of Leo last month, the planet this month appears now to move slowly westward, that is, back into Leo and toward the bright star Regulus. This is an effect of playing catch-up. That is, as Earth catches up to Mars, the Red Planet seems to move backward (called retrograde motion) against the backdrop of stars in the night sky. (See Chart 1, below, for Mars at mid-month just after midnight.)
Opposite Mars is brilliant Venus still close to the western horizon this month. Moving amid the stars of Aquarius (the Water-Bearer) at the start of the month (see Chart 2, below), Venus appears against the backdrop of stars in Pisces (the Fishes) by the end of the month (see Chart 3, below). Note, too, that brightest planet begins to pair with the largest planet.
Jupiter now in Aries (the Ram), also rising earlier and earlier, can be found in the western sky all month long, setting before midnight (see Chart 3 again) and looking stunning when paired with Venus later in the month.
Saturn, in Virgo (the Maiden), remains parked in that constellation and is still visible in morning twilight before sunup. But, as with Mars, Saturn will exhibit retrograde motion, too, as Earth passes Saturn, making the Ringed Planet appear to drift westward back toward the star Spica (See Chart 4, below, at month’s end).
Still as in previous months, distant Uranus in Pisces (the Fishes) is just visible before evening twilight in the western sky by mid-month. (See Chart 5.) Note that the tiny greenish dot of Uranus appears close to the brilliant large dot of Venus. (To find it in a telescope, use the red tick marks to show the location of Uranus close to Venus.) Also, note that the asteroid Ceres (now known as a dwarf planet) is also in the vicinity.
Distant Neptune is lost in the glare of the Sun.
If it’s clear during the nights from February 23rd to 25th, be certain to look at the grouping of the waxing crescent Moon with both Jupiter and Venus in the western sky after sunset. It should be an eye-catching sight even without binoculars or telescopes. (See Chart 6 above.)
In this short month, get in an extra day to do some extra observing.
In this short month, get in an extra day to do some extra observing.
Sky Roundup Almanac for February 2012
February 7: Full Moon.
February 14: Last Quarter Moon.
February 21: New Moon.
February 29: First Quarter Moon.
February 14: Last Quarter Moon.
February 21: New Moon.
February 29: First Quarter Moon.
Sky Roundup for January
Astronomical highlights for the month of January 2012
Just Yet, Let's Not Shelve Twenty-Twelve
It’s over! We’re doomed! The end is nigh! The world will end in 2012!
So said the Mayans. And those gullible enough to follow the hype.
Oh, how the prognosticators have given us up for lost. Please, don’t believe it.
No one knows for certain when the world will end, not the day, not the hour, let alone the Mayans. And besides, their interpretation is not what’s been popularly told. Theirs was not an end to all, but an end to a long cycle in their calendar. For them, the end of that cycle was a time to anticipate the renewal of life and a new beginning.
More than anything for 2012, this is a genuine time for us, too, to start with a fresh set of eyes and a refreshed perspective for what can be, and not for what the imaginings of others may want us to believe. Don’t be hasty, don’t be anxious. There’s plenty enough to get nervous about when the real end-of-times comes, whenever that will be.
So, relax. Grab your binocular or telescope and go outside. Take time to let your eyes adapt to the dark. And let’s start off this year right with some decent down-to-Earth observation of the night sky above.
Mars in Leo (the Lion) remains that pale orange dot seen rising earlier and earlier and still dropping slowly out of Leo in the eastern sky. (See Chart 1, below, for Mars at mid-month just after midnight.)
By midnight, Jupiter in Pisces (the Fishes), also rising earlier and earlier, can be found nearly opposite Mars and in the western sky all month long. (See Chart 2, below, for its location in the western sky.)
While gazing in the direction of West just after sunset, it will be obvious to spot brilliant Venus closing in on the west-southwestern horizon. (See Chart 3, below.)
Saturn, in Virgo (the Maiden) all last year and remains so this month, still sits near Spica, the Maiden’s brightest star, visible in morning twilight before sunup. (See Chart 4, below.) Saturn, the wizened old chap who’s traditionally interpreted as Father Time on New Year’s Eve, appears as a great look through a modest telescope. The rings of that distant, cold, slow-orbiting world are showing up better and better due to their increasing inclination as seen from our vantage on our home planet Earth.
Still as in previous months, distant Uranus in Pisces (the Fishes) and even farther Neptune in Aquarius (the Water-Bearer) are still available to be glimpsed, but are increasingly obscured in evening twilight. (Scroll well down to see last month’s charts to locate these planets, as their position in the sky hasn’t changed much.) More to the point, these two distant planets are getting close enough to the western horizon at sunset and thereafter where good observation decreases in the night sky.
Of course, let’s not forget Earth’s nearest neighbor, the Moon. The waning gibbous Moon is near Mars on Jan. 14th. (See Chart 5, below.) The Last Quarter Moon moves near Saturn in the southeastern sky by 3 a.m. on Jan. 16th (see Chart 6, below). The Moon, a day before the phase of First Quarter, also finds itself next to Jupiter on Jan 29th (see Chart 7, below).
So said the Mayans. And those gullible enough to follow the hype.
Oh, how the prognosticators have given us up for lost. Please, don’t believe it.
No one knows for certain when the world will end, not the day, not the hour, let alone the Mayans. And besides, their interpretation is not what’s been popularly told. Theirs was not an end to all, but an end to a long cycle in their calendar. For them, the end of that cycle was a time to anticipate the renewal of life and a new beginning.
More than anything for 2012, this is a genuine time for us, too, to start with a fresh set of eyes and a refreshed perspective for what can be, and not for what the imaginings of others may want us to believe. Don’t be hasty, don’t be anxious. There’s plenty enough to get nervous about when the real end-of-times comes, whenever that will be.
So, relax. Grab your binocular or telescope and go outside. Take time to let your eyes adapt to the dark. And let’s start off this year right with some decent down-to-Earth observation of the night sky above.
Mars in Leo (the Lion) remains that pale orange dot seen rising earlier and earlier and still dropping slowly out of Leo in the eastern sky. (See Chart 1, below, for Mars at mid-month just after midnight.)
By midnight, Jupiter in Pisces (the Fishes), also rising earlier and earlier, can be found nearly opposite Mars and in the western sky all month long. (See Chart 2, below, for its location in the western sky.)
While gazing in the direction of West just after sunset, it will be obvious to spot brilliant Venus closing in on the west-southwestern horizon. (See Chart 3, below.)
Saturn, in Virgo (the Maiden) all last year and remains so this month, still sits near Spica, the Maiden’s brightest star, visible in morning twilight before sunup. (See Chart 4, below.) Saturn, the wizened old chap who’s traditionally interpreted as Father Time on New Year’s Eve, appears as a great look through a modest telescope. The rings of that distant, cold, slow-orbiting world are showing up better and better due to their increasing inclination as seen from our vantage on our home planet Earth.
Still as in previous months, distant Uranus in Pisces (the Fishes) and even farther Neptune in Aquarius (the Water-Bearer) are still available to be glimpsed, but are increasingly obscured in evening twilight. (Scroll well down to see last month’s charts to locate these planets, as their position in the sky hasn’t changed much.) More to the point, these two distant planets are getting close enough to the western horizon at sunset and thereafter where good observation decreases in the night sky.
Of course, let’s not forget Earth’s nearest neighbor, the Moon. The waning gibbous Moon is near Mars on Jan. 14th. (See Chart 5, below.) The Last Quarter Moon moves near Saturn in the southeastern sky by 3 a.m. on Jan. 16th (see Chart 6, below). The Moon, a day before the phase of First Quarter, also finds itself next to Jupiter on Jan 29th (see Chart 7, below).
As one can plainly see, the untold span of the universe and the spinning Earth itself continue to run like clockwork, despite the alerts for its impending end. Don’t be guiled by the unfounded hype of shrill voices; rather, be drawn in by the quiet lure of the night sky’s own majesty.
Sky Roundup Almanac for January 2012
January 1: First Quarter Moon.
January 9: Full Moon.
January 16: Last Quarter Moon.
January 23: New Moon.
January 30: First Quarter.
January 1: First Quarter Moon.
January 9: Full Moon.
January 16: Last Quarter Moon.
January 23: New Moon.
January 30: First Quarter.
Sky Roundup for December
Astronomical highlights for the month of December 2011
The Night Before Christmas
Since 2009, Roy Kaelin's Sky Roundup for December has started with his parody of “A Visit of St. Nicholas” and that little tradition continues this year.—With apologies to Clement Clarke Moore
‘Twas the night before Christmas,
When all through his house
A stargazer was stirring, clicking his mouse;
His mounting set up in the backyard with care,
In hopes that clearing skies soon would be there.
He could’ve been nestled all snug in his bed,
But visions of nebulae danced in his head;
And grabbing a kerchief to dust a lens from its cap,
He caffeined his brain to shun a long winter’s nap--
When out on the lawn there arose such a clatter,
He sprang from his chair to see what was the matter:
Away to his set-up he flew like a flash,
Hoping his ‘scope didn’t loosen and crash.
The moon, on the breast of new-fallen snow,
Gave a luster of mid-day to objects, ya’ know:
When, what to his wandering eyes should appear,
But a case full of eyepieces amid his old gear;
Fellow geeks always bought these, so lively and quick,
He knew in a moment they’d all be heartsick.
More lenses he now owned and savored his claim,
And he whistled, and shouted, and called them by name--
“Now, Brandon! now, Nagler! now, Ethos! and Vixen!
No coma! Flat fields! Star parties I’m blitzin’;
To the top of each planet, to the top of Straight Wall,
I’ll dash to see nebulae, faraway all!”
He gathered his new gear, so pleased he might cry,
And carried all to his ‘scope, its mount to the sky,
So, up past his house-top his ‘scope aimed anew,
A case full of lenses—and such neat stuff too.
With stars all a-twinkling from heat off the roof,
The night sky unveiled its warp and its woof;
As he drew up a chair, and was turning around,
Down next to his ‘scope the ‘gazer came with a bound.
His parka lined in fur
From his head to his foot,
And his clothes came all furnished
With pockets to boot:
This new bunch of toys
He now kept near his back,
And he thrilled like a youngster
As he opened his pack;
His eyes how they twinkled!
Each eyepiece how merry--
Were just what he wanted,
Whence they came he was wary;
Ev’ry ocular gleamed
Each drawn up with a bow,
Who could’ve left them and
Left no tracks in the snow?
He thought for a bit
Of this season of year,
And thought it unlikely he’d
Earned such good cheer.
Still he was thankful
And humbled quite by it;
He vowed to do better
And stay on a diet.
He was chubby and plump--
His right jolly old self;
From too much late snacking
In spite of himself.
A wink of his eye,
And a twist of his head,
Soon gave him to know
Where each eyepiece might thread.
He spoke not a word,
But went straight to his work,
And logged all his sightings:
Then turned with a jerk,
And laying his pencil
Aside of his prose,
And giving a nod,
To his warm room he rose.
He sprang to its desk,
Jotted notes in a whistle,
And away he then flew
To look through a Plössl:
But all heard him exclaim
Ere he gazed in the night,
“Merry Christmas to all,
And to all A Clear Night.”
And to All a Clear Night
Most of the month of December keeps Midwestern folks burrowed indoors, either snow-bound or sheltered from the cold for long nights on end. For those who can afford the time and muster the attempt to venture out-of-doors, a clear night or two can reward your effort. Grab a binocular or a small scope and step outside. Here’s what to look for in the night sky this month.
Mercury dropped from view in Libra (the Scales) late last month, hidden in the glare of the Sun. By the start of this month, it’s still out of sight but becomes visible by mid-month in the morning sky back in Libra and straddling Scorpius (the Scorpion). By month’s end, the hot little world is sinking back toward the horizon in Ophiuchus (the Serpent-Handler) and is difficult to see. (See Chart 1, to show both Mercury in morning twilight at mid-month and Chart 2 for Mercury at month’s end. Scroll down for the sky charts. Clicking on the “1” shows the first chart.)
As it has emerged into the evening sky, brilliant Venus occupies the western sky after sunset, moving from Sagittarius (the Archer); by month’s end, Venus stands squarely in Capricornus (the Sea-Goat). (See Chart 3, for Venus at mid-month.)
Mars in Leo (the Lion) is still a pale orange dot rising earlier and earlier and is seen by month’s end, rising by midnight but dropping slowly out of Leo in the eastern sky. (See Chart 4 for Mars at month’s start and Chart 5 for Mars at month’s end. Note how the little red planet has moved through Leo by New Year's Eve.)
Slow-moving, majestic Jupiter in Aries (the Ram), also rising earlier and earlier, at the beginning of the month remains out all night till dawn for the whole month. By month’s end, the largest planet in our Solar System has passed into Pisces (the Fishes), always a welcome sight in a modest telescope. (See Chart 6, for its location in the eastern sky by evening twilight.)
Saturn, still in Virgo (the Maiden), sidling near to Spica, the Maiden’s brightest star, can be glimpsed well in a telescope at the month’s start in morning twilight before sunup. (See Chart 7.)
Just as in previous months, distant Uranus in Pisces (the Fishes) and even farther Neptune in Aquarius (the Water-Bearer) are still available to be glimpsed, low and toward the west-southwestern sky by midnight, and still each only as a tiny dot. (See Chart 8, with red tick marks for Uranus's location; see Chart 9, with red tick marks for Neptune's location.)
The Moon always puts in a fine appearance in any clear sky when it is visible above our horizon. Not surprisingly, the Moon in December was known by American Indians as the Cold Moon or the Long Nights Moon.
Whether viewed bright and bold, riding high on a clear winter’s night, or seen low and lazy, drifting through humid summer’s haze, the Moon peers down at its faithful observers with a variety of faces, its constant change of phase, for our delight and wonder.
Yes, its movements are predictable, and, yes, its light washes out the fainter stars, galaxies, and nebulae, but the Moon itself is still an object of endless fascination. The subtle, slow, monthly play of light and shadow across the surface of the Moon at low- to medium-magnification through a decent scope offers a level of detail not seen with any other celestial object.
Ideal as a practice subject for sky photography, for sketching its detail at the eyepiece, and for the sheer enjoyment of moongazing, our nearest celestial neighbor does not disappoint for its steadfastness as a subject worthy of observation.
The waxing gibbous Moon appears next to Jupiter in the eastern sky in early evening on Dec. 6th (see Chart 10); the Last Quarter Moon moves near Mars by midnight on Dec. 17th by 2 a.m. (see Chart 11); and, as a waning crescent below Saturn on Dec. 20th by 5 a.m. before sunrise (see Chart 12).
Not to forget the distant planets, the waxing crescent Moon appears near Neptune (see Chart 9 again) low in the western sky by 10 p.m. (CST) on Dec. 1st and the waxing gibbous Moon near Uranus, same part of the sky, two nights later, by 11 p.m. (see Chart 8 again).
When all through his house
A stargazer was stirring, clicking his mouse;
His mounting set up in the backyard with care,
In hopes that clearing skies soon would be there.
He could’ve been nestled all snug in his bed,
But visions of nebulae danced in his head;
And grabbing a kerchief to dust a lens from its cap,
He caffeined his brain to shun a long winter’s nap--
When out on the lawn there arose such a clatter,
He sprang from his chair to see what was the matter:
Away to his set-up he flew like a flash,
Hoping his ‘scope didn’t loosen and crash.
The moon, on the breast of new-fallen snow,
Gave a luster of mid-day to objects, ya’ know:
When, what to his wandering eyes should appear,
But a case full of eyepieces amid his old gear;
Fellow geeks always bought these, so lively and quick,
He knew in a moment they’d all be heartsick.
More lenses he now owned and savored his claim,
And he whistled, and shouted, and called them by name--
“Now, Brandon! now, Nagler! now, Ethos! and Vixen!
No coma! Flat fields! Star parties I’m blitzin’;
To the top of each planet, to the top of Straight Wall,
I’ll dash to see nebulae, faraway all!”
He gathered his new gear, so pleased he might cry,
And carried all to his ‘scope, its mount to the sky,
So, up past his house-top his ‘scope aimed anew,
A case full of lenses—and such neat stuff too.
With stars all a-twinkling from heat off the roof,
The night sky unveiled its warp and its woof;
As he drew up a chair, and was turning around,
Down next to his ‘scope the ‘gazer came with a bound.
His parka lined in fur
From his head to his foot,
And his clothes came all furnished
With pockets to boot:
This new bunch of toys
He now kept near his back,
And he thrilled like a youngster
As he opened his pack;
His eyes how they twinkled!
Each eyepiece how merry--
Were just what he wanted,
Whence they came he was wary;
Ev’ry ocular gleamed
Each drawn up with a bow,
Who could’ve left them and
Left no tracks in the snow?
He thought for a bit
Of this season of year,
And thought it unlikely he’d
Earned such good cheer.
Still he was thankful
And humbled quite by it;
He vowed to do better
And stay on a diet.
He was chubby and plump--
His right jolly old self;
From too much late snacking
In spite of himself.
A wink of his eye,
And a twist of his head,
Soon gave him to know
Where each eyepiece might thread.
He spoke not a word,
But went straight to his work,
And logged all his sightings:
Then turned with a jerk,
And laying his pencil
Aside of his prose,
And giving a nod,
To his warm room he rose.
He sprang to its desk,
Jotted notes in a whistle,
And away he then flew
To look through a Plössl:
But all heard him exclaim
Ere he gazed in the night,
“Merry Christmas to all,
And to all A Clear Night.”
And to All a Clear Night
Most of the month of December keeps Midwestern folks burrowed indoors, either snow-bound or sheltered from the cold for long nights on end. For those who can afford the time and muster the attempt to venture out-of-doors, a clear night or two can reward your effort. Grab a binocular or a small scope and step outside. Here’s what to look for in the night sky this month.
Mercury dropped from view in Libra (the Scales) late last month, hidden in the glare of the Sun. By the start of this month, it’s still out of sight but becomes visible by mid-month in the morning sky back in Libra and straddling Scorpius (the Scorpion). By month’s end, the hot little world is sinking back toward the horizon in Ophiuchus (the Serpent-Handler) and is difficult to see. (See Chart 1, to show both Mercury in morning twilight at mid-month and Chart 2 for Mercury at month’s end. Scroll down for the sky charts. Clicking on the “1” shows the first chart.)
As it has emerged into the evening sky, brilliant Venus occupies the western sky after sunset, moving from Sagittarius (the Archer); by month’s end, Venus stands squarely in Capricornus (the Sea-Goat). (See Chart 3, for Venus at mid-month.)
Mars in Leo (the Lion) is still a pale orange dot rising earlier and earlier and is seen by month’s end, rising by midnight but dropping slowly out of Leo in the eastern sky. (See Chart 4 for Mars at month’s start and Chart 5 for Mars at month’s end. Note how the little red planet has moved through Leo by New Year's Eve.)
Slow-moving, majestic Jupiter in Aries (the Ram), also rising earlier and earlier, at the beginning of the month remains out all night till dawn for the whole month. By month’s end, the largest planet in our Solar System has passed into Pisces (the Fishes), always a welcome sight in a modest telescope. (See Chart 6, for its location in the eastern sky by evening twilight.)
Saturn, still in Virgo (the Maiden), sidling near to Spica, the Maiden’s brightest star, can be glimpsed well in a telescope at the month’s start in morning twilight before sunup. (See Chart 7.)
Just as in previous months, distant Uranus in Pisces (the Fishes) and even farther Neptune in Aquarius (the Water-Bearer) are still available to be glimpsed, low and toward the west-southwestern sky by midnight, and still each only as a tiny dot. (See Chart 8, with red tick marks for Uranus's location; see Chart 9, with red tick marks for Neptune's location.)
The Moon always puts in a fine appearance in any clear sky when it is visible above our horizon. Not surprisingly, the Moon in December was known by American Indians as the Cold Moon or the Long Nights Moon.
Whether viewed bright and bold, riding high on a clear winter’s night, or seen low and lazy, drifting through humid summer’s haze, the Moon peers down at its faithful observers with a variety of faces, its constant change of phase, for our delight and wonder.
Yes, its movements are predictable, and, yes, its light washes out the fainter stars, galaxies, and nebulae, but the Moon itself is still an object of endless fascination. The subtle, slow, monthly play of light and shadow across the surface of the Moon at low- to medium-magnification through a decent scope offers a level of detail not seen with any other celestial object.
Ideal as a practice subject for sky photography, for sketching its detail at the eyepiece, and for the sheer enjoyment of moongazing, our nearest celestial neighbor does not disappoint for its steadfastness as a subject worthy of observation.
The waxing gibbous Moon appears next to Jupiter in the eastern sky in early evening on Dec. 6th (see Chart 10); the Last Quarter Moon moves near Mars by midnight on Dec. 17th by 2 a.m. (see Chart 11); and, as a waning crescent below Saturn on Dec. 20th by 5 a.m. before sunrise (see Chart 12).
Not to forget the distant planets, the waxing crescent Moon appears near Neptune (see Chart 9 again) low in the western sky by 10 p.m. (CST) on Dec. 1st and the waxing gibbous Moon near Uranus, same part of the sky, two nights later, by 11 p.m. (see Chart 8 again).
There are always things to see in the night sky. The Sky Roundup column is just a sample of the highlights every month. Every clear night offers another opportunity to become more familiar with our celestial neighbors. Look up and observe as often as you are able.
For now, we finish out another year, with all of its flourishes and foibles, its good times and bad. We take a look back and try to put in perspective all that’s past. Some things will make sense; other things never will.
But dwell not too much on times gone by. Time to turn aside from all that we recall and instead look ahead. As trite as it sounds, we cannot change the past. But we certainly can adjust to the present as we find it, and consign ourselves to a more certain future with a renewed effort to work hard, see clearly, and keep focused.
We live in uncertain times, as every generation before us always has. It’s likely to be another year of highs and lows, so buck up and buckle up. Let’s look forward to this same time next year when we can say we had an excellent time and enjoyed the ride. Till then, watch the skies!
For now, we finish out another year, with all of its flourishes and foibles, its good times and bad. We take a look back and try to put in perspective all that’s past. Some things will make sense; other things never will.
But dwell not too much on times gone by. Time to turn aside from all that we recall and instead look ahead. As trite as it sounds, we cannot change the past. But we certainly can adjust to the present as we find it, and consign ourselves to a more certain future with a renewed effort to work hard, see clearly, and keep focused.
We live in uncertain times, as every generation before us always has. It’s likely to be another year of highs and lows, so buck up and buckle up. Let’s look forward to this same time next year when we can say we had an excellent time and enjoyed the ride. Till then, watch the skies!
Sky Roundup Almanac for December 2011
December 2: First Quarter Moon.
December 10: Full Moon.
December 17: Last Quarter Moon.
December 21: Winter Solstice, i.e., astronomical start of Winter, 11:30 p.m. CST.
December 24: New Moon.
December 10: Full Moon.
December 17: Last Quarter Moon.
December 21: Winter Solstice, i.e., astronomical start of Winter, 11:30 p.m. CST.
December 24: New Moon.
Sky Roundup for November
Astronomical highlights for the month of November 2011
Thanksgiving Parade
Another month arrives and another holiday season comes upon us. For peoples and cultures past, this was the month to give thanks for the warm season just ended, the bountiful harvest just finished, the stocked larder just provisioned, and the flocks and herds rounded up and safely guarded.
In this country, a fine repast was prepared for family and friends, to celebrate and symbolize the significant annual milestone of mastering nature by one’s own industry and so making oneself ready to survive the onslaught of Winter.
Nowadays, most of us don’t need to farm, to hunt, or to herd. Most of us make certain we’ve simply notified the grocery store early enough to order a turkey, after it’s decided which house will hold the annual American ritual of conspicuous feasting.
During the day on Thanksgiving Day, another annual tradition, the Macy’s Day Parade is held in New York City and broadcast worldwide to announce the coming of Santa Claus and, as retailers hope, to kick off a frenzy of holiday shopping.
But there’s yet another tradition one can celebrate most of the month on any given clear night, namely, the custom of observing a parade of planets from dusk till dawn. Planets are always shining in the night sky and this month is no exception. No baton twirlers or marching bands, the quiet queue of our neighbors in space move noiselessly through the heavens, and we can glimpse most all of them, but it’ll take a little patience and persistence.
Let’s see who’s on parade this month.
Mercury (in Libra, the Scales) can only be glimpsed close to the horizon by the first of the month, as it emerges into the evening sky with Venus. (See Chart 1, below left, to show both Mercury and Venus in evening twilight at month’s start. Clicking on the “1” shows the first chart.) Both planets move close with one another till mid-month and into Sagittarius (the Archer); by month’s end, Venus remains near the top of the peaked lid of the Teapot asterism in Sagittarius while Mercury has dropped from view in the glare of the setting Sun. (See Chart 2, for Venus at month’s end.)
Mars (in Leo, the Lion) is still a pale orange dot rising well ahead of the Sun, but will grow slightly larger in angular size as it approaches opposition by next March. (See Chart 3, to show the red planet’s location in the eastern sky at 3 a.m. at month’s start. Click on the “3”.)
Just past opposition late last month, Jupiter (in Aries, the Ram) still is visible from late night and through the wee hours till dawn for the whole month, making for a fine sight at medium-to-high magnification in a modest telescope. (See Chart 4, for its location in the western sky by morning.)
Saturn (still in Virgo, the Maiden) is still too close to the Sun to be conveniently visible, but can be glimpsed in a telescope, and has emerged fully by month’s start into the morning sky. (See Chart 5.)
Distant Uranus (in Pisces, the Fishes) and even farther Neptune (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) are still available to be glimpsed, toward the west-southwestern sky by midnight, and still each only as a tiny dot. (See Chart 6, with red tick marks for Uranus's location; see Chart 7, with red tick marks for Neptune's location.)
In this country, a fine repast was prepared for family and friends, to celebrate and symbolize the significant annual milestone of mastering nature by one’s own industry and so making oneself ready to survive the onslaught of Winter.
Nowadays, most of us don’t need to farm, to hunt, or to herd. Most of us make certain we’ve simply notified the grocery store early enough to order a turkey, after it’s decided which house will hold the annual American ritual of conspicuous feasting.
During the day on Thanksgiving Day, another annual tradition, the Macy’s Day Parade is held in New York City and broadcast worldwide to announce the coming of Santa Claus and, as retailers hope, to kick off a frenzy of holiday shopping.
But there’s yet another tradition one can celebrate most of the month on any given clear night, namely, the custom of observing a parade of planets from dusk till dawn. Planets are always shining in the night sky and this month is no exception. No baton twirlers or marching bands, the quiet queue of our neighbors in space move noiselessly through the heavens, and we can glimpse most all of them, but it’ll take a little patience and persistence.
Let’s see who’s on parade this month.
Mercury (in Libra, the Scales) can only be glimpsed close to the horizon by the first of the month, as it emerges into the evening sky with Venus. (See Chart 1, below left, to show both Mercury and Venus in evening twilight at month’s start. Clicking on the “1” shows the first chart.) Both planets move close with one another till mid-month and into Sagittarius (the Archer); by month’s end, Venus remains near the top of the peaked lid of the Teapot asterism in Sagittarius while Mercury has dropped from view in the glare of the setting Sun. (See Chart 2, for Venus at month’s end.)
Mars (in Leo, the Lion) is still a pale orange dot rising well ahead of the Sun, but will grow slightly larger in angular size as it approaches opposition by next March. (See Chart 3, to show the red planet’s location in the eastern sky at 3 a.m. at month’s start. Click on the “3”.)
Just past opposition late last month, Jupiter (in Aries, the Ram) still is visible from late night and through the wee hours till dawn for the whole month, making for a fine sight at medium-to-high magnification in a modest telescope. (See Chart 4, for its location in the western sky by morning.)
Saturn (still in Virgo, the Maiden) is still too close to the Sun to be conveniently visible, but can be glimpsed in a telescope, and has emerged fully by month’s start into the morning sky. (See Chart 5.)
Distant Uranus (in Pisces, the Fishes) and even farther Neptune (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) are still available to be glimpsed, toward the west-southwestern sky by midnight, and still each only as a tiny dot. (See Chart 6, with red tick marks for Uranus's location; see Chart 7, with red tick marks for Neptune's location.)
Attending this parade is always the Moon, since its path fairly coincides with the paths of planets as seen from Earth. So, look for the waxing gibbous Moon near Neptune on Nov. 3rd (see Chart 8, with red tick marks showing Neptune’s location) and above Jupiter on Nov. 9th (see Chart 9).
The waning gibbous Moon moves beneath Mars after midnight on Nov. 19th (see Chart 10) and as a waning crescent below Saturn on Nov. 22nd before sunrise (see Chart 11).
By the way, for this month of November, American Indians knew Earth’s nearest neighbor as the Beaver Moon, for it was their custom at this time to set animal traps before swamps froze. Another custom this month instructs us to move our clocks back an hour as we move back to Standard Time. So, on Nov. 5th, be certain to change your clock, ending Daylight Saving Time.
If you’re fortunate to have family and friends to share a meal this holiday season, even if it isn’t at Thanksgiving, be thankful for their company and camaraderie. If they’re bold to venture out-of-doors, you can also invite them to sneak a peak at the celestial parade on display all month long. Show them it’s still a wide, wonderful universe for which to be thankful.
The waning gibbous Moon moves beneath Mars after midnight on Nov. 19th (see Chart 10) and as a waning crescent below Saturn on Nov. 22nd before sunrise (see Chart 11).
By the way, for this month of November, American Indians knew Earth’s nearest neighbor as the Beaver Moon, for it was their custom at this time to set animal traps before swamps froze. Another custom this month instructs us to move our clocks back an hour as we move back to Standard Time. So, on Nov. 5th, be certain to change your clock, ending Daylight Saving Time.
If you’re fortunate to have family and friends to share a meal this holiday season, even if it isn’t at Thanksgiving, be thankful for their company and camaraderie. If they’re bold to venture out-of-doors, you can also invite them to sneak a peak at the celestial parade on display all month long. Show them it’s still a wide, wonderful universe for which to be thankful.
Sky Roundup Almanac for November 2011
November 2: First Quarter Moon.
November 5: From Saturday into Sunday, fall back an hour to Standard Time, ending Daylight Saving Time.
November 10: Full Moon.
November 17: Last Quarter Moon.
November 24: New Moon.
November 5: From Saturday into Sunday, fall back an hour to Standard Time, ending Daylight Saving Time.
November 10: Full Moon.
November 17: Last Quarter Moon.
November 24: New Moon.
Sky Roundup for October
Astronomical highlights for the month of October 2011
Colors of Fall
This month brings out Fall colors of crimson, gold, and pumpkin, as we celebrate Summer’s end and Autumn’s start. Cultures from centuries past have used this time, while the harvest was underway, to take stock of warm months just ended and prepare for cold times ahead. With barns and stables cleaned, and a season's debris piled high and lit as bonfires, folks made merry at month’s end to celebrate a successful crop and a stocked larder, a well tended flock and a healthy herd.
The familiar green of Summer has given way to an anticipated palette of warm autumnal hues. But these aren’t just the well known colors of trees that’ll eventually drop their leaves; rather, they are the hues, too, of celestial objects falling from the heavens. That is, meteors blazing through our atmosphere also show us a fair rainbow of warm, bright colors as well!
Go out after midnight on any clear night or rise before dawn and simply look up. Turn to any direction and take the chance of spying a stray meteor streaking across the sky. Its flash lasts only a moment, but the eye responds well to color, and meteors do show them. Observers routinely report a flaming red head, a golden yellow train, an orangey streak, or a greenish tail.
Meteors, known lyrically as falling stars, are more than bits of stray debris; for the most part, they are particles left behind from the passage of a comet. As Earth plows through the comet's wake, the particles not only burn up, but the high speed at which they blister through our atmosphere makes the air itself glow bright and hot, and just for a moment.
One particular meteor shower is on tap this month, namely, the Orionid shower that peaks on Oct. 21st. By the way, meteor showers get their name from the constellation out of which they appear to originate; in this case, it’s the pattern of Orion (the Hunter). You’ll definitely need to rise before dawn to see this since, for the season of Autumn, Orion is visible high in the sky before sunup. By Winter, Orion will dominate the night sky after sundown.
While you're outside looking for meteors, take a chance to spy a unique feature in the Solar System, namely, the zodiacal light. This is not a phenomenon in Earth's atmosphere; rather, it is the appearance of sunlight reflecting from meteoric particles out in space along the plane of our orbit. As seen from Earth, the zodiacal light appears as a wedge of soft light rising up from the horizon along the Zodiac. It's not visible year round, but is best seen either before sunrise from late September through early October or after sunset from late March through early April.
For observers in the Northern Hemisphere, the zodiacal light has roughly the appearance of capital letter "A" with its apex tilted toward the south. With no Moon in the pre-dawn sky of early October, this is the best time to see this ephemeral pheomenon. For images of the zodiacal light, click here.
Let’s look for what else can be viewed in the sky this month.
Mercury (in Virgo, the Maiden) is lost in the glare of the Sun for the first of the month, but begins to emerge into the evening sky with Venus. Both planets move closer together for the remainder of October and are very nearly in conjunction by Hallowe’en, though their proximity to the Sun at sunset makes them dicey to see clearly. (See Chart 1. Clicking on “1” shows the first chart.)
Mars (in Cancer, the Crab) moves into Leo, the Lion, by month’s end and is still a pale orange dot rising well ahead of the Sun. (See Chart 2, to show the red planet's location. Click on the “2”.)
Like last month, Jupiter (in Aries, the Ram) remains visible from late night and through the wee hours till dawn for the whole month, hanging by mid-month in the southeastern sky with the waning gibbous Moon after midnight till dawn. (See Chart 3. Click on the “3”.)
Saturn (still in Virgo, the Maiden) is too close to the Sun to be conveniently visible for most of the month, but emerges by month’s end into the morning sky, still in the constellation Virgo where it has lingered for months. (See Chart 4.)
Faraway Uranus (in Pisces, the Fishes) and more distant Neptune (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) are challenges for a modest telescope, but each can be glimpsed with sufficient magnification as a tiny dot. (See Chart 5, with red tick marks for Uranus's location; see Chart 6, with red tick marks for Neptune's location.)
The familiar green of Summer has given way to an anticipated palette of warm autumnal hues. But these aren’t just the well known colors of trees that’ll eventually drop their leaves; rather, they are the hues, too, of celestial objects falling from the heavens. That is, meteors blazing through our atmosphere also show us a fair rainbow of warm, bright colors as well!
Go out after midnight on any clear night or rise before dawn and simply look up. Turn to any direction and take the chance of spying a stray meteor streaking across the sky. Its flash lasts only a moment, but the eye responds well to color, and meteors do show them. Observers routinely report a flaming red head, a golden yellow train, an orangey streak, or a greenish tail.
Meteors, known lyrically as falling stars, are more than bits of stray debris; for the most part, they are particles left behind from the passage of a comet. As Earth plows through the comet's wake, the particles not only burn up, but the high speed at which they blister through our atmosphere makes the air itself glow bright and hot, and just for a moment.
One particular meteor shower is on tap this month, namely, the Orionid shower that peaks on Oct. 21st. By the way, meteor showers get their name from the constellation out of which they appear to originate; in this case, it’s the pattern of Orion (the Hunter). You’ll definitely need to rise before dawn to see this since, for the season of Autumn, Orion is visible high in the sky before sunup. By Winter, Orion will dominate the night sky after sundown.
While you're outside looking for meteors, take a chance to spy a unique feature in the Solar System, namely, the zodiacal light. This is not a phenomenon in Earth's atmosphere; rather, it is the appearance of sunlight reflecting from meteoric particles out in space along the plane of our orbit. As seen from Earth, the zodiacal light appears as a wedge of soft light rising up from the horizon along the Zodiac. It's not visible year round, but is best seen either before sunrise from late September through early October or after sunset from late March through early April.
For observers in the Northern Hemisphere, the zodiacal light has roughly the appearance of capital letter "A" with its apex tilted toward the south. With no Moon in the pre-dawn sky of early October, this is the best time to see this ephemeral pheomenon. For images of the zodiacal light, click here.
Let’s look for what else can be viewed in the sky this month.
Mercury (in Virgo, the Maiden) is lost in the glare of the Sun for the first of the month, but begins to emerge into the evening sky with Venus. Both planets move closer together for the remainder of October and are very nearly in conjunction by Hallowe’en, though their proximity to the Sun at sunset makes them dicey to see clearly. (See Chart 1. Clicking on “1” shows the first chart.)
Mars (in Cancer, the Crab) moves into Leo, the Lion, by month’s end and is still a pale orange dot rising well ahead of the Sun. (See Chart 2, to show the red planet's location. Click on the “2”.)
Like last month, Jupiter (in Aries, the Ram) remains visible from late night and through the wee hours till dawn for the whole month, hanging by mid-month in the southeastern sky with the waning gibbous Moon after midnight till dawn. (See Chart 3. Click on the “3”.)
Saturn (still in Virgo, the Maiden) is too close to the Sun to be conveniently visible for most of the month, but emerges by month’s end into the morning sky, still in the constellation Virgo where it has lingered for months. (See Chart 4.)
Faraway Uranus (in Pisces, the Fishes) and more distant Neptune (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) are challenges for a modest telescope, but each can be glimpsed with sufficient magnification as a tiny dot. (See Chart 5, with red tick marks for Uranus's location; see Chart 6, with red tick marks for Neptune's location.)
More than just looking for tiny dots seen in a telescope, the practice of observing meteors doesn’t require any magnification. Just look up, look around, and enjoy the chance to catch a vivid, fiery streak across the sky. So, for this month, look for colors by day as they fall from the trees and for colors by night as they fall from the sky.
Sky Roundup Almanac for October 2011
October 3: First Quarter Moon.
October 10: Up to this date this month, the zodiacal light is visible before sunrise.
October 11: Full Moon.
October 19: Last Quarter Moon.
October 21: Peak of Orionid meteor shower.
October 26: New Moon.
October 10: Up to this date this month, the zodiacal light is visible before sunrise.
October 11: Full Moon.
October 19: Last Quarter Moon.
October 21: Peak of Orionid meteor shower.
October 26: New Moon.
Sky Roundup for September
Astronomical highlights for the month of September 2011
Remember
The hectic pace of life on our own world hits us squarely as we head into September. Every month, this brief column attempts to offer a small diversion from the swirl of the world’s frantic pace; still, the daily news reminds us of that frenzied gait events seem to take.
As we look back to our world ten years ago this month, we see how that world changed for us in these United States. Yes, the world did change, just as it did with the sudden turn of events in every generation since this country’s founding. Only more so for us for now, because we remember it first-hand. Still, we must remember the events of this and generations past to know how to live in the present and anticipate the future.
For a universe that runs like clockwork, the cosmos beyond our home planet becomes comprehensible through the science of astronomy, while events on Earth appear at times to be run by chaos. Science offers us many answers, but science in its best practice does not solve everything. Yes, it’s rational, it’s predictable, it's knowable. And its informed practice can conduct us along a knowable path, just as gravity guides planets in their orbits. But this is not to say that science alone should run our lives. More to the point, at the opposite extreme of an ordered universe, anarchy is not a governing strategy in the cosmos.
For this month, shut out the chaos by taking a moment to value the orderliness of the heavens.
Mercury (in Leo, the Lion) has emerged into the morning sky ahead of the Sun by the start of the month. (See Chart 1, below, for Mercury in morning twilight at month's start.)
Venus (also in Leo, the Lion), lost in the glare of the Sun most of the month, becomes just visible in evening twilight by month’s end.
As we look back to our world ten years ago this month, we see how that world changed for us in these United States. Yes, the world did change, just as it did with the sudden turn of events in every generation since this country’s founding. Only more so for us for now, because we remember it first-hand. Still, we must remember the events of this and generations past to know how to live in the present and anticipate the future.
For a universe that runs like clockwork, the cosmos beyond our home planet becomes comprehensible through the science of astronomy, while events on Earth appear at times to be run by chaos. Science offers us many answers, but science in its best practice does not solve everything. Yes, it’s rational, it’s predictable, it's knowable. And its informed practice can conduct us along a knowable path, just as gravity guides planets in their orbits. But this is not to say that science alone should run our lives. More to the point, at the opposite extreme of an ordered universe, anarchy is not a governing strategy in the cosmos.
For this month, shut out the chaos by taking a moment to value the orderliness of the heavens.
Mercury (in Leo, the Lion) has emerged into the morning sky ahead of the Sun by the start of the month. (See Chart 1, below, for Mercury in morning twilight at month's start.)
Venus (also in Leo, the Lion), lost in the glare of the Sun most of the month, becomes just visible in evening twilight by month’s end.
Mars (in Gemini, the Twins) moves into Cancer, the Crab, by mid-month and is still a pale orange dot rising well ahead of the Sun. By month’s end, Mars pairs with the well known star cluster, the Praesepe, making it a fine sight with good binoculars or low magnification in a modest telescope. (See Chart 2, above, for a close-up. Clicking on the "2" shows Chart 2.)
Jupiter (in Aries, the Ram) remains visible from late night and through the wee hours till dawn for the whole month, hanging for an evening in the eastern sky with the gibbous Moon by midnight at mid-month.
Saturn (still in Virgo, the Maiden) disappears in evening twilight shortly after sunset. It pairs with Venus by month’s end but the apparition is too close to the Sun to be conveniently visible.
Uranus (in Pisces, the Fishes) and more distant Neptune (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) remain aloof on the evening sky all month, far from the periodic chaos on our world.
This month we’re reminded again what happens when chaos tries to rule our world, but the cosmos beyond our home world shows us a serene, orderly arrangement, one to savor as often as we can.
Jupiter (in Aries, the Ram) remains visible from late night and through the wee hours till dawn for the whole month, hanging for an evening in the eastern sky with the gibbous Moon by midnight at mid-month.
Saturn (still in Virgo, the Maiden) disappears in evening twilight shortly after sunset. It pairs with Venus by month’s end but the apparition is too close to the Sun to be conveniently visible.
Uranus (in Pisces, the Fishes) and more distant Neptune (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) remain aloof on the evening sky all month, far from the periodic chaos on our world.
This month we’re reminded again what happens when chaos tries to rule our world, but the cosmos beyond our home world shows us a serene, orderly arrangement, one to savor as often as we can.
Sky Roundup Almanac for September 2011
September 3: First Quarter Moon.
September 11: Full Moon.
September 19: Last Quarter Moon.
September 23: Autumnal Equinox, First day of Fall, at 4:05 a.m., CDT.
September 26: New Moon.
September 11: Full Moon.
September 19: Last Quarter Moon.
September 23: Autumnal Equinox, First day of Fall, at 4:05 a.m., CDT.
September 26: New Moon.
Sky Roundup for August
Astronomical highlights for the month of August 2011
An August Month
It’s an unhurried parade of several of the larger planets this month, and a time to kick back on a warm night to take in the grandeur of the heavens. All around, the languid pace of August, when traffic thins with neighbors out of town, gives those of us patrolling the home skies to enjoy clear nights and ponder them grandly.
Quick, little Mercury (in Leo, the Lion), an exception to a leisurely pace, stays out of the way most of the month. The small, hot world is only visible briefly in the evening sky at the beginning of the month, disappears in the Sun’s glare, and then emerges into the morning sky ahead of the Sun by month’s end. Like last month, it’s still tough for observers to see in the Northern Hemisphere. (See Chart 1 for Mercury in morning twilight at month's end. Clicking the "1" shows the first chart.)
Queenly Venus (moving from Cancer, the Crab, into Leo, the Lion), usually reigning the twilight skies of morning or evening with her customary brilliance, is lost in the glare of the Sun all month.
Dry, frosty Mars (in Taurus, the Bull), appearing more as a pale orange dot, makes a dim but pleasingly grand third in an orange triad with Aldebaran, the brightest star in Taurus, and Betelguese, the brightest star in Orion, the Hunter. (See Chart 2 for Mars and orange stars. Clicking the "2" shows the second chart.) By mid-month, the cold, reddish planet passes without fanfare into Gemini, the Twins, marching toward the Sun with each passing day. By month’s end, the fourth planet from the Sun will have nearly crossed Gemini.
Quick, little Mercury (in Leo, the Lion), an exception to a leisurely pace, stays out of the way most of the month. The small, hot world is only visible briefly in the evening sky at the beginning of the month, disappears in the Sun’s glare, and then emerges into the morning sky ahead of the Sun by month’s end. Like last month, it’s still tough for observers to see in the Northern Hemisphere. (See Chart 1 for Mercury in morning twilight at month's end. Clicking the "1" shows the first chart.)
Queenly Venus (moving from Cancer, the Crab, into Leo, the Lion), usually reigning the twilight skies of morning or evening with her customary brilliance, is lost in the glare of the Sun all month.
Dry, frosty Mars (in Taurus, the Bull), appearing more as a pale orange dot, makes a dim but pleasingly grand third in an orange triad with Aldebaran, the brightest star in Taurus, and Betelguese, the brightest star in Orion, the Hunter. (See Chart 2 for Mars and orange stars. Clicking the "2" shows the second chart.) By mid-month, the cold, reddish planet passes without fanfare into Gemini, the Twins, marching toward the Sun with each passing day. By month’s end, the fourth planet from the Sun will have nearly crossed Gemini.
Like last month, slower moving, majestic Jupiter (in Aries, the Ram) remains visible before dawn throughout the month and is always an appealingly regal sight through even a modest telescope.
Stately, wizened Saturn (still in Virgo, the Maiden) ambles toward the horizon as the season progresses and stays visible for a couple hours by mid-month before setting early in the evening.
Uranus (in Pisces, the Fishes) and more distant Neptune (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) continue to occupy a dignified, though lonely, refuge in a region of sky bereft of bright stars. A big telescope is the only way to behold these twin mysterious worlds---remote and imposing---moving slowly through the outer reaches of the Solar System.
While you're considering the skies in an august way, don't forget to watch for the Perseid meteor shower, which peaks every year on August 12th. Though meteors hardly move at a leisurely stride, this well-known annual display is worth staying out late on a summer's night to catch a few falling stars, especially this year. The light of a nearly Full Moon will flood the night sky, which will cut down on meteors seen, but another shower, the Delta Aquarids, will appear to peak with the Perseids, making for a lofty ceremony of fireworks.
It’s a month to brave humid evenings, to set up your favorite scope, to relish the sounds of the night, and to let noble thoughts soar across the vault of the heavens. Find your own relaxed pace to watch the planets, scan for meteors, and contemplate the cosmos, for next month it’s back to the hectic pace of life on our own world.
Stately, wizened Saturn (still in Virgo, the Maiden) ambles toward the horizon as the season progresses and stays visible for a couple hours by mid-month before setting early in the evening.
Uranus (in Pisces, the Fishes) and more distant Neptune (in Aquarius, the Water-Bearer) continue to occupy a dignified, though lonely, refuge in a region of sky bereft of bright stars. A big telescope is the only way to behold these twin mysterious worlds---remote and imposing---moving slowly through the outer reaches of the Solar System.
While you're considering the skies in an august way, don't forget to watch for the Perseid meteor shower, which peaks every year on August 12th. Though meteors hardly move at a leisurely stride, this well-known annual display is worth staying out late on a summer's night to catch a few falling stars, especially this year. The light of a nearly Full Moon will flood the night sky, which will cut down on meteors seen, but another shower, the Delta Aquarids, will appear to peak with the Perseids, making for a lofty ceremony of fireworks.
It’s a month to brave humid evenings, to set up your favorite scope, to relish the sounds of the night, and to let noble thoughts soar across the vault of the heavens. Find your own relaxed pace to watch the planets, scan for meteors, and contemplate the cosmos, for next month it’s back to the hectic pace of life on our own world.
Sky Roundup Almanac for August 2011
August 6: First Quarter Moon.
August 13: Full Moon.
August 21: Last Quarter Moon.
August 28: New Moon.
August 13: Full Moon.
August 21: Last Quarter Moon.
August 28: New Moon.
Sky Roundup for July
Astronomical highlights for the month of July 2011
Nigh in July
The season of Summer arrived last month as expected, and, with it comes the familiar warm-weather patterns of Scorpius, Sagittarius, and Scutum, standing due south by midnight mid-month. Scorpius (the Scorpion) hosts myriad Messier objects for your viewing pleasure as does nearby Sagittarius (the Archer) and Scutum (the Shield).
Mars (in Taurus, the Bull) and Jupiter (in Aries, the Ram) are visible before dawn throughout the month. Venus (moving into Gemini, the Twins) appears too close to the Sun and near to the horizon from our vantage to be seen well. By the start of the month, Mercury (in Cancer, the Crab) has crept into the evening sky and is tough for observers to see in the Northern Hemisphere, but it pairs with the waxing crescent Moon on July 1st and 2nd.
Mars (in Taurus, the Bull) and Jupiter (in Aries, the Ram) are visible before dawn throughout the month. Venus (moving into Gemini, the Twins) appears too close to the Sun and near to the horizon from our vantage to be seen well. By the start of the month, Mercury (in Cancer, the Crab) has crept into the evening sky and is tough for observers to see in the Northern Hemisphere, but it pairs with the waxing crescent Moon on July 1st and 2nd.
Uranus (in Pisces) and more distant Neptune (in Aquarius) sit in a part of the sky not know for bright stars, and, as in previous months, can only be glimpsed with a strongly magnified telescope. In the southeastern sky before dawn, a waning gibbous Moon stands near Uranus on June 21st and near Neptune on June 17th, making it chancy to spot either distant world. Better to look for both on a moonless night.
Saturn (in Virgo, the Maiden) continues to sit right next to the double star, Porrima.
Saturn (in Virgo, the Maiden) continues to sit right next to the double star, Porrima.
For July and August, the Milky Way arches nigh across the vault of the sky. That is, from our vantage, it stretches nearly from the north horizon to the south. And it’s the best time of year to see some of the more splendid Messier objects, clusters and nebulae, scattered throughout its glittering majesty. (See the chart, below.)
In times long past, before we thought to light the night sky with streetlamps and billboards, the Milky Way no doubt was both useful and contemplative to peoples around the globe. Surprisingly bright in skies away from artificial illumination, the Milky Way would serve as a calendar to encourage sowing and harvests, or, serve as a reminder of the path for the soul to wander toward an afterlife. To see just how bright, click here to view a time-lapse of the shadows cast by the light of the Milky Way.
Here in the Midwest, of course we won’t see the Milky Way as bright as folks did long ago, but it’s still there to behold, so don’t wait too much longer to see it, or it won’t be as nigh in the sky as now.
Here in the Midwest, of course we won’t see the Milky Way as bright as folks did long ago, but it’s still there to behold, so don’t wait too much longer to see it, or it won’t be as nigh in the sky as now.
Sky Roundup Almanac for July 2011
July 1: New Moon.
July 8: First Quarter Moon.
July 15: Full Moon.
July 23: Last Quarter Moon.
July 8: First Quarter Moon.
July 15: Full Moon.
July 23: Last Quarter Moon.
Sky Roundup for June
Astronomical highlights for the month of June 2011
Observers Will Warm to June
The season’s night sky gradually turns over to the approaching season of Summer. The month of June warms us with the prospect of newer observations and warm weather fit to sit out all night with binoculars or a telescope.
The pre-dawn planetary traffic jam eases as both Mercury and Venus begin to disappear in the glare of the morning Sun by mid-month. Mars and Jupiter join in the line-up throughout the month, though all of the planets appear to move farther apart by month’s end. (See Chart 1, below.) By month’s end, Mercury creeps into the evening sky but is invisible to observers in the Northern Hemisphere.
Uranus (in Pisces) and more distant Neptune (in Aquarius) sit well apart from the line-up, and, as in previous months, can only be glimpsed with a strongly magnified telescope. A slim waning crescent Moon moves between Mars and the Pleiades (in Taurus) in the eastern sky before dawn on June 29th. (See Chart 2, below, by clicking on the "2".)
The pre-dawn planetary traffic jam eases as both Mercury and Venus begin to disappear in the glare of the morning Sun by mid-month. Mars and Jupiter join in the line-up throughout the month, though all of the planets appear to move farther apart by month’s end. (See Chart 1, below.) By month’s end, Mercury creeps into the evening sky but is invisible to observers in the Northern Hemisphere.
Uranus (in Pisces) and more distant Neptune (in Aquarius) sit well apart from the line-up, and, as in previous months, can only be glimpsed with a strongly magnified telescope. A slim waning crescent Moon moves between Mars and the Pleiades (in Taurus) in the eastern sky before dawn on June 29th. (See Chart 2, below, by clicking on the "2".)
Saturn continues to sit in Virgo, right next to the star Gamma Virginis, also known by its common name, Porrima. Most common names for stars are Arabic, but Porrima is Latin and honors a Roman goddess of prophecy. One can probably predict that something interesting is found in this part of the sky, and, by mid-month, viewing Saturn in the western sky with a modest telescope by midnight will catch Porrima, a fine white double star, in the same field of view. (See Chart 3, above, by clicking on "3".)
In addition to the ever-present planets, the familiar constellations of Spring, like Cancer (the Crab), Corvus (the Crow), and Leo (the Lion) are gradually replaced in the evening sky with the glorious star patterns of Summer, like Scorpius (the Scorpion), Sagittarius (the Archer), and Scutum (the Shield). These constellations, immersed in the starry span of the Milky Way, make them especially great to view naked-eye or with binoculars, generally due south before midnight by mid- to late-month. (See Chart 4, above, by clicking on "4".) We’ll explore these more next month after Summer has officially started.
And, one more thing to warm us: the Summer Solstice does kick in on June 21st this year at 12:16 in the afternoon for us in the Midwest. Greet the new season with a light summertime lunch.
In addition to the ever-present planets, the familiar constellations of Spring, like Cancer (the Crab), Corvus (the Crow), and Leo (the Lion) are gradually replaced in the evening sky with the glorious star patterns of Summer, like Scorpius (the Scorpion), Sagittarius (the Archer), and Scutum (the Shield). These constellations, immersed in the starry span of the Milky Way, make them especially great to view naked-eye or with binoculars, generally due south before midnight by mid- to late-month. (See Chart 4, above, by clicking on "4".) We’ll explore these more next month after Summer has officially started.
And, one more thing to warm us: the Summer Solstice does kick in on June 21st this year at 12:16 in the afternoon for us in the Midwest. Greet the new season with a light summertime lunch.
Sky Roundup Almanac for June 2011
June 1: New Moon; Mercury, Venus, Mars, and Jupiter in line up before 5:00 a.m.
June 8: First Quarter Moon.
June 15: Full Moon.
June 23: Last Quarter Moon.
June 21: Summer Solstice, 12:16 p.m., First Day of Summer!
June 29: Waning crescent Moon between Mars and Pleiades at 4:00 a.m.
June 8: First Quarter Moon.
June 15: Full Moon.
June 23: Last Quarter Moon.
June 21: Summer Solstice, 12:16 p.m., First Day of Summer!
June 29: Waning crescent Moon between Mars and Pleiades at 4:00 a.m.
Sky Roundup for May
Astronomical highlights for the month of May 2011
May Planets Are Bloomin’ Pretty
With all of the rain last month, the old adage of April showers bringing May flowers is again proved correct. Already in yards and gardens across the Midwest, tulips and bluebells have bloomed and magnolia trees are in full blossom. Just an explosion of flora within the past week as the rains have let up.
Not to be outdone, the planets in the sky, like flowers on the ground, begin to open up with a new season of celestial finery for all to see every clear morning all this month.
It’s still a celestial traffic jam early in the morning in May. The first week of the month finds the planets Mercury and Venus paired closely while Mars and Jupiter crowd each other closer to the horizon. Uranus and more distant Neptune sit apart from the grouping and can only be glimpsed with a strong telescope, which might be problematic even in morning twilight. A very slim waning crescent Moon joins the morning parade of planets on May 1st and 2nd. (See Chart 1, below.)
Not to be outdone, the planets in the sky, like flowers on the ground, begin to open up with a new season of celestial finery for all to see every clear morning all this month.
It’s still a celestial traffic jam early in the morning in May. The first week of the month finds the planets Mercury and Venus paired closely while Mars and Jupiter crowd each other closer to the horizon. Uranus and more distant Neptune sit apart from the grouping and can only be glimpsed with a strong telescope, which might be problematic even in morning twilight. A very slim waning crescent Moon joins the morning parade of planets on May 1st and 2nd. (See Chart 1, below.)
As weather permits, look for the these planets to shift around one another in the pre-dawn sky throughout the month.
Famously ringed Saturn pairs with the bright star Spica in Virgo (the Maiden), just as where it has been visible for the last several months. It rises well after evening twilight, stays out all night long and all month long, and then sets by dawn. It pairs with the waxing gibbous Moon on May 13th and 14th in the western sky after midnight. (See Chart 2, by clicking on "2".)
Famously ringed Saturn pairs with the bright star Spica in Virgo (the Maiden), just as where it has been visible for the last several months. It rises well after evening twilight, stays out all night long and all month long, and then sets by dawn. It pairs with the waxing gibbous Moon on May 13th and 14th in the western sky after midnight. (See Chart 2, by clicking on "2".)
And, then, another neat planetary grouping in the morning by mid-month. Before the Sun rises, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter are found in a tight patch of pre-dawn sky all within the constellation of Pisces (the Fishes), similar to last month. And, like last month’s grouping, it’s likely tough to see if you don't have an uncluttered horizon. They're just visible, but better with optical aid, since they appear so close to the Sun that morning and on other mornings this month. (See Chart 3, by clicking on "3".)
And, again, like last month at month's end, on May 29th the waning crescent Moon joins this remarkable grouping, close to the eastern horizon, just ahead of the Sun. (See Chart 4, by clicking on "4".)
Like a row of pretty and unusual flowers making a rare springtime appearance together in the same garden, the planets put on a bloomin' show all month in May.
Like a row of pretty and unusual flowers making a rare springtime appearance together in the same garden, the planets put on a bloomin' show all month in May.
By the way, the first week of May this year is recognized as Astronomy Week and May 7th is Astronomy Day, a celebration of astronomy for the masses since 1973. Around the nation, schools, planetariums, museums, libraries, and nature centers host various outdoor and night-sky activities devoted to the advancement of the science of astronomy. In a host of other nations, too, similar day-long celebrations are held. To check for activities in your area, go to this link hosted by The Astronomical League or to this link sponsored by Astronomy Magazine or to this link for Sky and Telescope Magazine.
Sky Roundup Almanac for May 2011
May 1: Mercury, Venus, Mars, and Jupiter in tight grouping in pre-dawn sky.
May 3: New Moon.
May 7: Astronomy Day.
.May 10: First Quarter Moon.
May 15: Mercury, Venus, Mars, and Jupiter in tight grouping in pre-dawn sky.
May 17: Full Moon.
May 24: Last Quarter Moon.
Sky Roundup for April
Astronomical highlights for the month of April 2011
April's Not for Fools
This is the month for rain and jokes. No doubt we’ve heard the expression, “April showers bring May flowers.” Unless we’re experiencing a drought or a heat wave (and we’re not), that expression is usually true. Of course, cloudy, rainy weather doesn’t let us see the night sky.
And, on April 1st, it’s April Fools Day, a customary time to play practical jokes, or to get away with fibbing to someone, and then making it all good by saying “April Fool” or something to that effect. No one wants to be a fool or to be called one. But it’s all in good fun.
Well, if it doesn’t rain in your location, don’t be a fool and miss things in the night sky this month.
Brightly ringed Saturn still shines in Virgo (the Maiden), just as where it has been visible for the last several months. It rises after evening twilight, stays out all night long and all month long, and then sets by dawn. It reaches opposition on Apr. 3rd, which means that it appears its brightest as it is positioned in the sky opposite the Sun, hence the name of the apparition. It pairs with the Full Moon on Apr. 17th after midnight. (See Chart 1, below.)
And, on April 1st, it’s April Fools Day, a customary time to play practical jokes, or to get away with fibbing to someone, and then making it all good by saying “April Fool” or something to that effect. No one wants to be a fool or to be called one. But it’s all in good fun.
Well, if it doesn’t rain in your location, don’t be a fool and miss things in the night sky this month.
Brightly ringed Saturn still shines in Virgo (the Maiden), just as where it has been visible for the last several months. It rises after evening twilight, stays out all night long and all month long, and then sets by dawn. It reaches opposition on Apr. 3rd, which means that it appears its brightest as it is positioned in the sky opposite the Sun, hence the name of the apparition. It pairs with the Full Moon on Apr. 17th after midnight. (See Chart 1, below.)
But, then, look at this. By month’s end, it’s a celestial traffic jam in morning twilight. Before the Sun rises, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Uranus are found in a narrow swath of sky all within the constellation of Pisces (the Fishes). It’s likely tough to see, since the grouping appears so close to the Sun that morning.
Add in Neptune, next door in Aquarius, and you have all the planets as seen from Earth, save Saturn. On Apr. 30th, the Moon joins this remarkable grouping, close to the horizon, just ahead of the Sun. (See Chart 2, above, by clicking on "2". Red tick marks point inward to the location of Neptune.)
Add in Neptune, next door in Aquarius, and you have all the planets as seen from Earth, save Saturn. On Apr. 30th, the Moon joins this remarkable grouping, close to the horizon, just ahead of the Sun. (See Chart 2, above, by clicking on "2". Red tick marks point inward to the location of Neptune.)
Don't be a fool; look up and be cool.
Sky Roundup Almanac for April 2011
April 3: New Moon; Saturn at opposition, rising as the Sun sets.
April 11: First Quarter Moon.
April 17: Full Moon.
April 24: Last Quarter Moon.
Sky Roundup for March
Astronomical highlights for the month of March 2011
Another Kind of Madness
Like clockwork every March, the airwaves crackle with crazed announcers calling the plays and relaying the action on basketball courts across the country.
If it’s the month of March, it must be time for March Madness, or, the barmy scramble of teams in the National Collegiate Athletic Association to garner first place. From the First Four to the Final Four, the enthusiasm runs wild all month long (and even into April). And don't forget that the high schools are in on the madness, too.
But there’s another kind of madness that this month brings. It comes not with raucous shouting, but with quiet resolve.
It doesn’t involve wagered bets, because the outcome is not unknown. It’s not a meteorological madness, where one might anticipate warm weather as the thermometer climbs higher every day toward Spring.
And it doesn’t really last all month long. Most of this nutty feat only best takes place when there isn’t a Full Moon in the sky. And perhaps only for one night.
While fanatical sports enthusiasts will sit inside all month glued to their TV screens or radios for the NCAA finals, the devoted sky enthusiast will spend an all-nighter outside glued to his telescope’s eyepiece, reaching his goal to complete a Messier marathon. Is that zany or what?
It’s a certain special lunacy to hope for clear weather, plan for a night with no moon, set up your favorite telescope, brave the elements, and then spend all night trying to spot all 110 celestial wonders once catalogued by a Parisian astronomer. In a nutshell, that’s a Messier marathon.
As most serious amateur astronomers know, Charles Messier was a French comet-hunter of the late 1700’s who, from his observatory near Paris, logged numbers of uncertain objects in a quest to find comets. At the time, this was not crazy to do.
While fanatical sports enthusiasts will sit inside all month glued to their TV screens or radios for the NCAA finals, the devoted sky enthusiast will spend an all-nighter outside glued to his telescope’s eyepiece, reaching his goal to complete a Messier marathon. Is that zany or what?
It’s a certain special lunacy to hope for clear weather, plan for a night with no moon, set up your favorite telescope, brave the elements, and then spend all night trying to spot all 110 celestial wonders once catalogued by a Parisian astronomer. In a nutshell, that’s a Messier marathon.
As most serious amateur astronomers know, Charles Messier was a French comet-hunter of the late 1700’s who, from his observatory near Paris, logged numbers of uncertain objects in a quest to find comets. At the time, this was not crazy to do.
Not all of the objects he recognized at first when he observed them, so he kept track of their location. That way, he would not mistake them for a rogue comet during subsequent observations of the night sky.
In time, other astronomers puzzled out the significance of the celestial objects that Messier observed. Most Messier objects are clusters of stars, that is, galaxies, globular clusters, and open clusters. Others are various nebulae, that is, so-called planetary nebulae, emission nebulae, or supernova remnants. All are insanely fun to try and spot.
It’s also fun to gather a crowd, like bats in a belfry, to do your observing. Usually a more experienced marathoner can help the novices make the best use of their time locating the fainter or more diffuse objects.
In time, other astronomers puzzled out the significance of the celestial objects that Messier observed. Most Messier objects are clusters of stars, that is, galaxies, globular clusters, and open clusters. Others are various nebulae, that is, so-called planetary nebulae, emission nebulae, or supernova remnants. All are insanely fun to try and spot.
It’s also fun to gather a crowd, like bats in a belfry, to do your observing. Usually a more experienced marathoner can help the novices make the best use of their time locating the fainter or more diffuse objects.
To that end and during this month, several organizations have plans to get together and attempt a Messier marathon, weather permitting. It may sound insane, but most all-night observing sessions will likely take place on a moonless night, which this year means during the first week of March.
For example, for those in Illinois, check here for details on time and location of a marathon at the Jim Edgar Panther Creek State Fish and Wildlife Area, sponsored by the Sangamon Astronomical Society. This appears to be one of the better organized, nearby sites, weather permitting.
For example, for those in Illinois, check here for details on time and location of a marathon at the Jim Edgar Panther Creek State Fish and Wildlife Area, sponsored by the Sangamon Astronomical Society. This appears to be one of the better organized, nearby sites, weather permitting.
If you're planning to make some good use of your observation, the Astronomical League might like to hear from you. You can send your Messier observations to that organization if you follow these common-sense rules.
Perhaps you can’t make it to a location or you get clouded out this year. Not to worry, so don’t go round the bend. Just look here for prospective dates of future madness with a list of Messier marathons for the next 40 years!
Besides staying out all night for star clusters and nebulae, of course don’t forget to go batty with the planets and Moon this month:
Venus, in the constellation of Capricornus (the Sea-Goat) shines brilliantly above the southeast horizon before dawn, but is slipping closer to the Sun from our earthly vantage. It pairs with the waning crescent Moon in morning twilight on first day and last days in this month of springtime. (See Chart 1 for Mar. 1st; Chart 2 for Mar. 31st.) It’d be lunacy to miss those pairings.
Perhaps you can’t make it to a location or you get clouded out this year. Not to worry, so don’t go round the bend. Just look here for prospective dates of future madness with a list of Messier marathons for the next 40 years!
Besides staying out all night for star clusters and nebulae, of course don’t forget to go batty with the planets and Moon this month:
Venus, in the constellation of Capricornus (the Sea-Goat) shines brilliantly above the southeast horizon before dawn, but is slipping closer to the Sun from our earthly vantage. It pairs with the waning crescent Moon in morning twilight on first day and last days in this month of springtime. (See Chart 1 for Mar. 1st; Chart 2 for Mar. 31st.) It’d be lunacy to miss those pairings.
Mars remains maddeningly lost in the glare of the Sun all this month, while early in the month Uranus has disappeared from evening twilight and also has become hidden by the Sun’s light. That more distant world re-emerges into morning twilight by month’s end but cannot be seen in the Sun’s glare.
Stealthy, little Mercury is also lost in the Sun’s light early in the month, after which it creeps into evening twilight where it pairs with the ponderous planet Jupiter by the first week of this month. The smallest planet joins the largest planet, that’s wild! Adding to the wackiness in the western sky, the waxing crescent Moon joins in on Mar. 6th just above the western horizon at sunset. (See Chart 3, below, by clicking on "3".)
Stealthy, little Mercury is also lost in the Sun’s light early in the month, after which it creeps into evening twilight where it pairs with the ponderous planet Jupiter by the first week of this month. The smallest planet joins the largest planet, that’s wild! Adding to the wackiness in the western sky, the waxing crescent Moon joins in on Mar. 6th just above the western horizon at sunset. (See Chart 3, below, by clicking on "3".)
During evening twilight from Mar. 14th to 18th just above the western horizon, look for the small, hot, fleet-footed world as it slips past and up to the right of the large, bright, weighty one. (See Chart 4, below, by clicking on "4".) One would be loopy to pass on this passage.
Brightly ringed Saturn still shines in Virgo (the Maiden), just as where it has been visible for the last several months. It rises after evening twilight, stays out all night long and all month long, and then sets by dawn. It pairs with the waning gibbous Moon on the first day of Spring at midnight. (See Chart 5, below, by clicking on "5".) It’d be silly to miss this.
Distant Neptune crosses into the morning twilight just before mid-month but is difficult to see. By month’s end, though, it sidles past Venus, now in Aquarius (the Water-Bearer), before sunrise and toward the east-southeast.
On Mar. 27th, this distant, dim, bluish world can likely be glimpsed in the same low-power field of view with the closer, brighter, whiter world when the two appear one-half degree apart. Now there’s an insane apparition not often seen: Earth’s closest planetary neighbor paired with its farthest! (See Chart 6, below, by clicking on "6" and noting where red ticks locate distant Neptune near Venus.) Crazy!
On Mar. 27th, this distant, dim, bluish world can likely be glimpsed in the same low-power field of view with the closer, brighter, whiter world when the two appear one-half degree apart. Now there’s an insane apparition not often seen: Earth’s closest planetary neighbor paired with its farthest! (See Chart 6, below, by clicking on "6" and noting where red ticks locate distant Neptune near Venus.) Crazy!
And just to make things even crazier this month, Daylight Saving Time begins on Sunday, March 13th at 2:00 a.m. Be sure to set your clock ahead one hour, or you’ll have a maddening start to your morning the next day.
And if that isn't enough to make you nutty, look for a larger-than-usual Full Moon on Mar. 19th.
Lunar phases recur on the same dates just about every 18 years; in addition, as seen from Earth the Moon's closest approach (perigee) and farthest distance (apogee) can also coincide with full lunar phases, making the Full Moon appear smaller or larger than usual. This month is a big one.
By the way, if it feels as if the sap is rising and you’re getting giddy with the arrival of warmer weather, don’t forget, too, that Spring arrives this month on March 20th with the Vernal Equinox, when the Sun as seen from our vantage appears to cross the celestial equator to head higher in the sky during this next season.
This month is full of starry sights, galactic goodies, and planetary pairings for those committed to their passion for observing. Make no half-baked plans to go out and look. Get into the madness of March!
By the way, if it feels as if the sap is rising and you’re getting giddy with the arrival of warmer weather, don’t forget, too, that Spring arrives this month on March 20th with the Vernal Equinox, when the Sun as seen from our vantage appears to cross the celestial equator to head higher in the sky during this next season.
This month is full of starry sights, galactic goodies, and planetary pairings for those committed to their passion for observing. Make no half-baked plans to go out and look. Get into the madness of March!
Sky Roundup Almanac for March 2011
March 4: New Moon.
March 5: A good night for a Messier Marathon, weather permitting.
March 12: First Quarter Moon.
March 19: Full Moon, largest in 18 years due to lunar cycles; i.e., perigee coincides with Full Moon.
March 20: Vernal Equinox, the first day of Spring, at 6:21 p.m. CDT.
March 26: Last Quarter Moon.
Sky Roundup for February
Astronomical highlights for the month of February 2011
Airy February
The massive snowstorm sweeping the nation is packing a punch, so much so that the newsies have called it “snowmageddon” or the “snowpocalypse” or the “blizzaster” but it’s just closer to being a big blizzard. That's not to diminish the havoc a huge storm can wreak, but we should exercise common sense for safety and warmth during our travels in it and keep its significance in perspective.
After all, this is Winter in the Midwest, and one has to expect big storms from time to time. Of course, the snowstorm won’t last all month; it’ll blow through soon enough. In the wake of this fast-moving storm, though, it is the deep cold that is deadlier.
The frigid air, typical of a dense dome of atmosphere invading from the Arctic after a stormy spell, generally settles in quickly and can bring clear, cold, starry skies. Often, observers will welcome this as the best time to view the night sky, though the clarity comes at a price with the dangerous cold.
Of course, observers use common sense to dress warmly and limit one’s exposure. While good intentions push us to get in some diligent observation, the frosty reality seeps in to chill the bones sooner than we want. Don’t overdo it.
Know that commercial telescopes, as some are presently built, do not stand up to the cold for extended time outside. For example, lubricants tend to get sluggish and congeal; so, an oiled rack-and-pinion focuser may stick. Certain plastics can get brittle in extreme cold, so the occasional carrying handle can snap in frigid weather.
All this is not to discourage one from observing; rather, a simple recitation of things to watch for is helpful. So, to take advantage of the clear skies that cold, blustery weather can bring, have a look at some of the better celestial wonders in Winter.
Most every observer looks forward to Orion and the Winter Triangle of Betelgeuse (in Orion), Sirius (in Canis Major), and Procyon (in Canis Minor). (See Chart 1, below, in the slideshow.)
After all, this is Winter in the Midwest, and one has to expect big storms from time to time. Of course, the snowstorm won’t last all month; it’ll blow through soon enough. In the wake of this fast-moving storm, though, it is the deep cold that is deadlier.
The frigid air, typical of a dense dome of atmosphere invading from the Arctic after a stormy spell, generally settles in quickly and can bring clear, cold, starry skies. Often, observers will welcome this as the best time to view the night sky, though the clarity comes at a price with the dangerous cold.
Of course, observers use common sense to dress warmly and limit one’s exposure. While good intentions push us to get in some diligent observation, the frosty reality seeps in to chill the bones sooner than we want. Don’t overdo it.
Know that commercial telescopes, as some are presently built, do not stand up to the cold for extended time outside. For example, lubricants tend to get sluggish and congeal; so, an oiled rack-and-pinion focuser may stick. Certain plastics can get brittle in extreme cold, so the occasional carrying handle can snap in frigid weather.
All this is not to discourage one from observing; rather, a simple recitation of things to watch for is helpful. So, to take advantage of the clear skies that cold, blustery weather can bring, have a look at some of the better celestial wonders in Winter.
Most every observer looks forward to Orion and the Winter Triangle of Betelgeuse (in Orion), Sirius (in Canis Major), and Procyon (in Canis Minor). (See Chart 1, below, in the slideshow.)
While these are typical to look for, the nebulae and open clusters in this vicinity don’t lose their wonder to view.
The Great Nebula, aka M42, in Orion (the Hunter) is always worth a cold-weather set-up. Its intricate, wispy look appears the result of stellar winds blowing gaseous matter throughout its depth and breadth. (See Chart 2, below, in the slideshow.)
The Cone Nebula, aka NGC 2264, in Monoceros (the Unicorn) is also worth a look, all aglow in pink when imaged as an emission nebula. (See Chart 3, below, in the slideshow.)
The Great Nebula, aka M42, in Orion (the Hunter) is always worth a cold-weather set-up. Its intricate, wispy look appears the result of stellar winds blowing gaseous matter throughout its depth and breadth. (See Chart 2, below, in the slideshow.)
The Cone Nebula, aka NGC 2264, in Monoceros (the Unicorn) is also worth a look, all aglow in pink when imaged as an emission nebula. (See Chart 3, below, in the slideshow.)
The relatively nearby Rosette Nebula, aka NGC 2244, is often a challenge but appears as an airy, billowy showpiece when captured well by experienced astrophotography. (See Chart 4, below, in the slideshow.)
By contrast, the open clusters, M41 and M47, when seen close-up in Canis Major are tight, fine jewel-like collections of distant stars in a modest telescope. (See Chart 5 for M41 and Chart 6 for M47 in the slideshow.)
Closer to home, let’s see how the planets appear in the frigid air of February:
Mars stays lost in the glare of the Sun all this month. And, though Mercury emerged from that same glare before sunrise last month, it dips back closer to the vicinity of the Sun, remaining invisible most of the month.
Venus, in the constellation of Sagittarius (the Archer) still shines brilliantly above the southeast horizon before dawn. It pairs with the waning crescent Moon on the last day of this short month. (See Chart 7 in the slideshow.)
Closer to home, let’s see how the planets appear in the frigid air of February:
Mars stays lost in the glare of the Sun all this month. And, though Mercury emerged from that same glare before sunrise last month, it dips back closer to the vicinity of the Sun, remaining invisible most of the month.
Venus, in the constellation of Sagittarius (the Archer) still shines brilliantly above the southeast horizon before dawn. It pairs with the waning crescent Moon on the last day of this short month. (See Chart 7 in the slideshow.)
High in the southwest pre-dawn sky, one can see famously ringed Saturn still in Virgo (the Maiden), just as it has been visible the last several months. It continues to make its way to the western horizon all month long, and worth braving the chill of morning for a long look. (See Chart 8 in the slideshow.)
In the early evening sky, Jupiter, still a bright showpiece, moves with distant, dim Uranus, both in Pisces (the Fishes) toward the western horizon. Both set mid-month by 8 p.m. locally.
Even more distant Neptune has disappeared into evening twilight and is not visible.
Though it’s a short month, full of gusty weather if you live in the Midwest, the few morning and evenings that may show clear skies are worth the effort to set up in the frigid, blowing cold of airy February.
In the early evening sky, Jupiter, still a bright showpiece, moves with distant, dim Uranus, both in Pisces (the Fishes) toward the western horizon. Both set mid-month by 8 p.m. locally.
Even more distant Neptune has disappeared into evening twilight and is not visible.
Though it’s a short month, full of gusty weather if you live in the Midwest, the few morning and evenings that may show clear skies are worth the effort to set up in the frigid, blowing cold of airy February.
Sky Roundup Almanac for February
February 2: New Moon.
February 11: First Quarter Moon.
February 18: Full Moon.
February 24: Last Quarter Moon.
February 18: Full Moon.
February 24: Last Quarter Moon.
Sky Roundup for January
Astronomical highlights for the month of January 2011
Oh, Thank Heaven for Twenty-Eleven
The title here is not a deliberate offshoot of the slogan for a popular convenience-store chain. It’s likely the expression one might hear throughout this New Year, especially when fun astronomical events happen. You can look here every month for a new listing of astronomically enjoyable highlights throughout this New Year.
Let’s hope we have much good to anticipate in the year that starts the second decade of the new millennium. That’s right, the previous year of 2010 capped the first decade; we now proceed to the next, starting with 2011.
So let’s look at the sky for the first month of the New Year.
Mars stays lost in the glare of the Sun at sunset.
Mercury emerges from that same glare before sunrise. Seen within the large constellation of Ophiuchus (the Serpent-Handler), the small hot world nearest the Sun joins its planetary neighbors in morning twilight. It passes the slim waning crescent Moon on New Year’s Day, and the day after, by dawn. (See Chart 1, below, showing a view to the southeast before dawn in early January.)
Let’s hope we have much good to anticipate in the year that starts the second decade of the new millennium. That’s right, the previous year of 2010 capped the first decade; we now proceed to the next, starting with 2011.
So let’s look at the sky for the first month of the New Year.
Mars stays lost in the glare of the Sun at sunset.
Mercury emerges from that same glare before sunrise. Seen within the large constellation of Ophiuchus (the Serpent-Handler), the small hot world nearest the Sun joins its planetary neighbors in morning twilight. It passes the slim waning crescent Moon on New Year’s Day, and the day after, by dawn. (See Chart 1, below, showing a view to the southeast before dawn in early January.)
Higher in the pre-dawn sky, one can see famously ringed Saturn in Virgo (the Maiden).
Venus, in the constellation of Libra (the Scales) stands with a brilliant light above the horizon before dawn. Even though it is seen in the eastern sky, it reaches its greatest distance, as seen from Earth, west of the Sun, within the first week of January, hence this apparition is called Venus’s greatest western elongation.
Jupiter, still a bright showpiece in the early evening sky, moves with distant, dim Uranus, both in Pisces (the Fishes) toward the western horizon. Both set by midnight.
Even more distant Neptune, still positioned between Aquarius (the Water-Bearer) and Capricornus (the Sea-Goat), sets by 10 p.m. locally. (See Chart 2, above, showing a view to the southwest before midnight by mid-month. Click on the "2" to show the second chart. The red tick marks help to pinpoint the location of Neptune.)
Venus, in the constellation of Libra (the Scales) stands with a brilliant light above the horizon before dawn. Even though it is seen in the eastern sky, it reaches its greatest distance, as seen from Earth, west of the Sun, within the first week of January, hence this apparition is called Venus’s greatest western elongation.
Jupiter, still a bright showpiece in the early evening sky, moves with distant, dim Uranus, both in Pisces (the Fishes) toward the western horizon. Both set by midnight.
Even more distant Neptune, still positioned between Aquarius (the Water-Bearer) and Capricornus (the Sea-Goat), sets by 10 p.m. locally. (See Chart 2, above, showing a view to the southwest before midnight by mid-month. Click on the "2" to show the second chart. The red tick marks help to pinpoint the location of Neptune.)
Sky Roundup Almanac for January 2011
January 4: New Moon.
January 12: First Quarter Moon.
January 19: Full Moon.
January 26: Last Quarter Moon.
January 12: First Quarter Moon.
January 19: Full Moon.
January 26: Last Quarter Moon.
Sky Roundup for December
Astronomical highlights for the month of December 2010
The Night Before Christmas
This segment made its debut last year in this space, a stargazer’s parody of “A Visit of St. Nicholas.”
With apologies to Clement Clark Moore.
With apologies to Clement Clark Moore.
‘Twas the night before Christmas,
When all through his house
A stargazer was stirring, clicking his mouse;
His mounting set up in the backyard with care,
In hopes that clearing skies soon would be there.
He could’ve been nestled all snug in his bed,
But visions of nebulae danced in his head;
And grabbing a kerchief to dust a lens from its cap,
He caffeined his brain to shun a long winter’s nap--
When out on the lawn there arose such a clatter,
He sprang from his chair to see what was the matter:
Away to his set-up he flew like a flash,
Hoping his ‘scope didn’t loosen and crash.
The moon, on the breast of new-fallen snow,
Gave a luster of mid-day to objects, ya’ know:
When, what to his wandering eyes should appear,
But a case full of eyepieces amid his old gear;
Fellow geeks always bought these, so lively and quick,
He knew in a moment they’d all be heartsick.
More lenses he now owned and savored his claim,
And he whistled, and shouted, and called them by name--
“Now, Brandon! now, Nagler! now, Ethos! and Vixen!
No coma! Flat fields! Star parties I’m blitzin’;
To the top of each planet, to the top of Straight Wall,
I’ll dash to see nebulae, faraway all!”
He gathered his new gear, so pleased he might cry,
And carried all to his ‘scope, its mount to the sky,
So, up past his house-top his ‘scope aimed anew,
A case full of lenses—and such neat stuff too.
With stars all a-twinkling from heat off the roof,
The night sky unveiled its warp and its woof;
As he drew up a chair, and was turning around,
Down next to his ‘scope the ‘gazer came with a bound.
His parka lined in fur
From his head to his foot,
And his clothes came all furnished
With pockets to boot:
This new bunch of toys
He now kept near his back,
And he thrilled like a youngster
As he opened his pack;
His eyes how they twinkled!
Each eyepiece how merry--
Were just what he wanted,
Whence they came he was wary;
Ev’ry ocular gleamed
Each drawn up with a bow,
Who could’ve left them and
Left no tracks in the snow?
He thought for a bit
Of this season of year,
And thought it unlikely he’d
Earned such good cheer.
Still he was thankful
And humbled quite by it;
He vowed to do better
And stay on a diet.
He was chubby and plump--
His right jolly old self;
From too much late snacking
In spite of himself.
A wink of his eye,
And a twist of his head,
Soon gave him to know
Where each eyepiece might thread.
He spoke not a word,
But went straight to his work,
And logged all his sightings:
Then turned with a jerk,
And laying his pencil
Aside of his prose,
And giving a nod,
To his warm room he rose.
He sprang to its desk,
Jotted notes in a whistle,
And away he then flew
To look through a Plössl:
But all heard him exclaim
Ere he gazed in the night,
“Merry Christmas to all,
And to all A Clear Night.”
When all through his house
A stargazer was stirring, clicking his mouse;
His mounting set up in the backyard with care,
In hopes that clearing skies soon would be there.
He could’ve been nestled all snug in his bed,
But visions of nebulae danced in his head;
And grabbing a kerchief to dust a lens from its cap,
He caffeined his brain to shun a long winter’s nap--
When out on the lawn there arose such a clatter,
He sprang from his chair to see what was the matter:
Away to his set-up he flew like a flash,
Hoping his ‘scope didn’t loosen and crash.
The moon, on the breast of new-fallen snow,
Gave a luster of mid-day to objects, ya’ know:
When, what to his wandering eyes should appear,
But a case full of eyepieces amid his old gear;
Fellow geeks always bought these, so lively and quick,
He knew in a moment they’d all be heartsick.
More lenses he now owned and savored his claim,
And he whistled, and shouted, and called them by name--
“Now, Brandon! now, Nagler! now, Ethos! and Vixen!
No coma! Flat fields! Star parties I’m blitzin’;
To the top of each planet, to the top of Straight Wall,
I’ll dash to see nebulae, faraway all!”
He gathered his new gear, so pleased he might cry,
And carried all to his ‘scope, its mount to the sky,
So, up past his house-top his ‘scope aimed anew,
A case full of lenses—and such neat stuff too.
With stars all a-twinkling from heat off the roof,
The night sky unveiled its warp and its woof;
As he drew up a chair, and was turning around,
Down next to his ‘scope the ‘gazer came with a bound.
His parka lined in fur
From his head to his foot,
And his clothes came all furnished
With pockets to boot:
This new bunch of toys
He now kept near his back,
And he thrilled like a youngster
As he opened his pack;
His eyes how they twinkled!
Each eyepiece how merry--
Were just what he wanted,
Whence they came he was wary;
Ev’ry ocular gleamed
Each drawn up with a bow,
Who could’ve left them and
Left no tracks in the snow?
He thought for a bit
Of this season of year,
And thought it unlikely he’d
Earned such good cheer.
Still he was thankful
And humbled quite by it;
He vowed to do better
And stay on a diet.
He was chubby and plump--
His right jolly old self;
From too much late snacking
In spite of himself.
A wink of his eye,
And a twist of his head,
Soon gave him to know
Where each eyepiece might thread.
He spoke not a word,
But went straight to his work,
And logged all his sightings:
Then turned with a jerk,
And laying his pencil
Aside of his prose,
And giving a nod,
To his warm room he rose.
He sprang to its desk,
Jotted notes in a whistle,
And away he then flew
To look through a Plössl:
But all heard him exclaim
Ere he gazed in the night,
“Merry Christmas to all,
And to all A Clear Night.”
The Moon, on the Breast of New-Fallen Snow
Our nearest celestial favorite, the Earth's own longest dance partner, the Moon, reprises one of its better routines as it dances among the stars all this month.
Look for the night of December 20th as it starts a special one for lunar observing. On this night, weather permitting, the Full Moon rides high in the winter sky and casts its bright glance at the face of our home planet. If you're observing anywhere in the upper Midwest, the light of the Moon will make Earth's face shine all the brighter if you've had recent snowfall.
And on the breast of that new-fallen snow, the light of the Full Moon on December 20th will make it glisten and sparkle. In the wee hours of the following morning, the Moon waltzes into the shadow of its dance partner, and the face of the Moon itself may gleam a ruddy hue as the Full Moon glides into full eclipse to complete its graceful turn.
For a fuller accounting of details, visit here to see the extent of this lunar eclipse. Most in North America will be able to witness this fine phenomenon.
The Moon slips fully into the leading shadow, the penumbra, of Earth by a half-hour after midnight for the middle of the country.
Mid-eclipse, when the Moon is fully immersed in the umbra, the darkest part of Earth's shadow, occurs by about 2:15 a.m. on December 21, which is also the date of the solstice this year, the astronomical start of Winter.
The eclipse ends by about 4 a.m. when the Moon begins to emerge from the trailing portion of the penumbra.
What to expect of the color of the Moon on entering the umbra isn't entirely predictable. The Moon's hue could range from a dark crimson to a bloody red to a bright copper. But on a Winter's night, the sight of a ruddy eye in the sky staring across a snowy landscape offers distinct prospects for creative photography and a visual treat.
By the way, just one side note to this wintry season. No doubt we will hear much on changing weather and the prospects for changing climate. The two are related, yes, inextricably linked, even as the influence of one on the other continues to be hotly debated. No doubt, too, weather influences climate, just as climate is the sum total of weather for a wide region over a long period of time.
Of course in the Midwest, it's not at all unusual to have snow in the late Fall and early Winter, as localized weather per se for any given season is not indicative of either a warming or cooling climate on Earth. No doubt weather and climate are intertwined, but our wintry blasts and icy storms are typical for this part of the country. This is simply seasonal. It's only when the seasons stack in favor of a long-term trend when the weather folks take note.
That this season's pattern of cold weather could mimic past cold seasons is fodder for meteorologists' forecasts. Every year's worth of data adds to the historical record while extremes of localized weather slightly skews those historical averages. Let's continue to collect the data and give it the gimlet eye when we interpret it, so we're certain what the data really mean. In the meantime, new-fallen snow is a welcome sight for any young child at Christmastime.
Now here's a quick year-end round-up of other fun things to expect in the night sky this month.
Mercury and Mars are lost in the glare of the Sun all month long, while Venus has emerged as a showpiece in morning twilight, rising ahead of the Sun. Look for it in the southeast in Virgo (the Maiden). The waning crescent Moon pairs with the brilliant planet on December 2nd.
Saturn with its famous bright, icy rings also still stands in Virgo, as it has for recent months. Always worth a look through a good telescope.
Mighty Jupiter, the Solar System's largest planet, rising earlier and earlier these past months, now sets by midnight, escorting his mythic father, Uranus, to a wintertime slumber as well. A First Quarter Moon lights the way for both on the evening of December 12th.
More distant Neptune turns in about an hour before the latter two for his own Winter's nap, and can only be glimpsed in a large telescope.
One last note on this month's lunar eclipse. Of course, it'll be a treat, weather permitting, to watch as the Moon's fully lighted face gradually changes to one of the traditional hues of Christmas.
More to the point, with that bright face of the night sky blushing through its celestial dance, look for onlookers as well, namely, star clusters like both the Hyades and the Pleiades in Taurus (the Bull), the Beehive Cluster in Cancer (the Crab), and the Messier open cluster, M35, to the left of the Moon's red face and the Crab Nebula, M1, to its right.
Bundle up, brave the weather, and enjoy the spectacle of a slow Christmas waltz danced out-of-doors.
Sky Roundup Almanac for December 2010
December 5: New Moon.
December 13: First Quarter Moon.
December 21: Full Moon (total lunar eclipse seen in North America); Winter Solstice comes at 7:38 p.m. CST.
December 27: Last Quarter Moon.
Mid-eclipse, when the Moon is fully immersed in the umbra, the darkest part of Earth's shadow, occurs by about 2:15 a.m. on December 21, which is also the date of the solstice this year, the astronomical start of Winter.
The eclipse ends by about 4 a.m. when the Moon begins to emerge from the trailing portion of the penumbra.
What to expect of the color of the Moon on entering the umbra isn't entirely predictable. The Moon's hue could range from a dark crimson to a bloody red to a bright copper. But on a Winter's night, the sight of a ruddy eye in the sky staring across a snowy landscape offers distinct prospects for creative photography and a visual treat.
By the way, just one side note to this wintry season. No doubt we will hear much on changing weather and the prospects for changing climate. The two are related, yes, inextricably linked, even as the influence of one on the other continues to be hotly debated. No doubt, too, weather influences climate, just as climate is the sum total of weather for a wide region over a long period of time.
Of course in the Midwest, it's not at all unusual to have snow in the late Fall and early Winter, as localized weather per se for any given season is not indicative of either a warming or cooling climate on Earth. No doubt weather and climate are intertwined, but our wintry blasts and icy storms are typical for this part of the country. This is simply seasonal. It's only when the seasons stack in favor of a long-term trend when the weather folks take note.
That this season's pattern of cold weather could mimic past cold seasons is fodder for meteorologists' forecasts. Every year's worth of data adds to the historical record while extremes of localized weather slightly skews those historical averages. Let's continue to collect the data and give it the gimlet eye when we interpret it, so we're certain what the data really mean. In the meantime, new-fallen snow is a welcome sight for any young child at Christmastime.
Now here's a quick year-end round-up of other fun things to expect in the night sky this month.
Mercury and Mars are lost in the glare of the Sun all month long, while Venus has emerged as a showpiece in morning twilight, rising ahead of the Sun. Look for it in the southeast in Virgo (the Maiden). The waning crescent Moon pairs with the brilliant planet on December 2nd.
Saturn with its famous bright, icy rings also still stands in Virgo, as it has for recent months. Always worth a look through a good telescope.
Mighty Jupiter, the Solar System's largest planet, rising earlier and earlier these past months, now sets by midnight, escorting his mythic father, Uranus, to a wintertime slumber as well. A First Quarter Moon lights the way for both on the evening of December 12th.
More distant Neptune turns in about an hour before the latter two for his own Winter's nap, and can only be glimpsed in a large telescope.
One last note on this month's lunar eclipse. Of course, it'll be a treat, weather permitting, to watch as the Moon's fully lighted face gradually changes to one of the traditional hues of Christmas.
More to the point, with that bright face of the night sky blushing through its celestial dance, look for onlookers as well, namely, star clusters like both the Hyades and the Pleiades in Taurus (the Bull), the Beehive Cluster in Cancer (the Crab), and the Messier open cluster, M35, to the left of the Moon's red face and the Crab Nebula, M1, to its right.
Bundle up, brave the weather, and enjoy the spectacle of a slow Christmas waltz danced out-of-doors.
Sky Roundup Almanac for December 2010
December 5: New Moon.
December 13: First Quarter Moon.
December 21: Full Moon (total lunar eclipse seen in North America); Winter Solstice comes at 7:38 p.m. CST.
December 27: Last Quarter Moon.
Sky Roundup for November
Astronomical highlights for the month of November 2010
Many a Thankful Night
Is it a usual phrase, that when you run out of things to say, then talk about the weather? Well, OK, for the most part, the weather across the Midwest has been delightful this Autumn. And that's good news for nighttime observers, so why not mention it?
With the exception of a big, wide storm last month (nicknamed “the bomb” in the weather media, due to the relatively large size and record-low pressure for a system centered in Canada), most recent nights last months were very good for observing.
Let’s hope that this trend continues through November; alas, though, this is the Midwest and it will likely turn cold soon enough. And that’s not saying nothing.
Enough of the banter for now on day-to-day conditions. As the typical weather of November can become fairly raw by Thanksgiving, you thankfully have a decent chance to observe the familiar planets. So get looking!
Mercury and Mars stay lost in the glare of the Sun at sunset.
Venus emerges into morning twilight by mid-November, when it rises just ahead of the Sun, to join Saturn in the pre-dawn sky. (See Chart 1, below, for Venus’s morning apparition by mid-month.)
Jupiter, shining brightly, continues to march grandly ahead of Pisces (the Fishes), starting early and parading till past midnight. By the wee hours, Jupiter has set. (See Chart 2, below, for Jupiter’s location during those wee hours.)
Saturn also has emerged from the Sun’s glare and appears in Virgo (the Maiden) in morning twilight, climbing higher with each passing day. (See Chart 1 again.)
Is it a usual phrase, that when you run out of things to say, then talk about the weather? Well, OK, for the most part, the weather across the Midwest has been delightful this Autumn. And that's good news for nighttime observers, so why not mention it?
With the exception of a big, wide storm last month (nicknamed “the bomb” in the weather media, due to the relatively large size and record-low pressure for a system centered in Canada), most recent nights last months were very good for observing.
Let’s hope that this trend continues through November; alas, though, this is the Midwest and it will likely turn cold soon enough. And that’s not saying nothing.
Enough of the banter for now on day-to-day conditions. As the typical weather of November can become fairly raw by Thanksgiving, you thankfully have a decent chance to observe the familiar planets. So get looking!
Mercury and Mars stay lost in the glare of the Sun at sunset.
Venus emerges into morning twilight by mid-November, when it rises just ahead of the Sun, to join Saturn in the pre-dawn sky. (See Chart 1, below, for Venus’s morning apparition by mid-month.)
Jupiter, shining brightly, continues to march grandly ahead of Pisces (the Fishes), starting early and parading till past midnight. By the wee hours, Jupiter has set. (See Chart 2, below, for Jupiter’s location during those wee hours.)
Saturn also has emerged from the Sun’s glare and appears in Virgo (the Maiden) in morning twilight, climbing higher with each passing day. (See Chart 1 again.)
Uranus, Jupiter’s mythic father, still lurks in the background of Jupiter, and is still just visible as a tiny dot nearby with a big binocular or modest power in a small telescope. (See Chart 3, above, for location of Uranus inside the red tick marks.)
Neptune still sits between Aquarius (the Water-Bearer) and Capricornus (the Sea-Goat) and requires a good star chart to locate precisely. Only large telescopes will show the faint disk of this distant world. (See Chart 4, above, for location of Neptune inside the red tick marks.)
Neptune still sits between Aquarius (the Water-Bearer) and Capricornus (the Sea-Goat) and requires a good star chart to locate precisely. Only large telescopes will show the faint disk of this distant world. (See Chart 4, above, for location of Neptune inside the red tick marks.)
Be thankful for the nights to observe. Watch the skies!
Sky Roundup Almanac for November 2010
November 5: New Moon.
November 13: First Quarter Moon.
November 21: Full Moon.
November 28: Last Quarter Moon.
Sky Roundup Almanac for November 2010
November 5: New Moon.
November 13: First Quarter Moon.
November 21: Full Moon.
November 28: Last Quarter Moon.
Sky Roundup for October
Astronomical highlights for the month of October 2010
Rise Up, Hunter Moon
Last month we saw an uncommon occurrence: not only the Harvest Moon (which is not uncommon) but its occurrence on the same day as the Autumnal Equinox. The Harvest Moon is usually the Full Moon closest to, or on, the date of the first day of Fall. It’s a nice coincidence when the Full Moon phase does occur on that date, and it will again.
Owing to its complex motions, the phase of the Full Moon will again occur on the Autumnal Equinox in 19 years. This is the Metonic cycle (after Meton, the Athenian Greek, who recognized its occurrence). This cycle says that phases of the Moon can repeat on given dates every 19 years. The repetition is not exact in time, but it is quite close for an accurate calendar to be constructed that can be corrected periodically.
In folklore about the Moon, the months of the year all have nicknames for the phase of the Full Moon that occurs in that month. Some of these names come from native (or American Indian) names attributed to the Moon; others comes from colonial America or are artifacts of nomenclature from European medieval calendars.
In America, the previous month of September was the Harvest Moon; in Celtic folklore, this month of October is the Harvest Moon. The next month of November will be the Beaver Moon, when traps are set to catch winter game; in medieval times, next month would bring us the Cold Moon.
In this month of October we in America typically know the Full Moon as the Hunter Moon, which occurs one month after the Harvest Moon. After the harvest was complete, the light of the rising Moon in October apparently allowed frontiersman to hunt nighttime game to add to the provisions already socked away for the coming winter. Nowadays, most grocery stores provide ample provender, negating the need to scout additional supplies in the wild.
The astronomical reason for the Hunter Moon is the same as that of the Harvest Moon. At this time of year in the Northern Hemisphere, the path of the rising Full Moon in Autumn makes a shallow angle to the horizon, which makes the Moon appear to rise fairly soon after sunset.
That is, there’s no long climb for the Moon to get above the horizon; rather, the Moon skirts just below the below the horizon for several successive evenings, so the times of Autumn moonrise are shorter than at other times of the year. And so, more folks are aware of the rising Moon at this time of the year.
Even with the presence of the Hunter Moon, the sky still has a few worthwhile celestial objects to hunt up.
For example, several distant clusters of stars in Fall are worth finding even with the Hunter Moon in the sky. In the constellation of Perseus (the Champion), the Double Cluster (also known NGC 884 and NGC 869) climbs into the Autumn sky and makes for a fine showpiece at low power in a small or modest telescope.
And the Andromeda Galaxy is just as compelling to search for, even on a moonlit night. (See Chart 1, below, for a location of the Double Cluster and the Andromeda Galaxy, and Chart 2, which shows a magnified view of the Double Cluster.)
Owing to its complex motions, the phase of the Full Moon will again occur on the Autumnal Equinox in 19 years. This is the Metonic cycle (after Meton, the Athenian Greek, who recognized its occurrence). This cycle says that phases of the Moon can repeat on given dates every 19 years. The repetition is not exact in time, but it is quite close for an accurate calendar to be constructed that can be corrected periodically.
In folklore about the Moon, the months of the year all have nicknames for the phase of the Full Moon that occurs in that month. Some of these names come from native (or American Indian) names attributed to the Moon; others comes from colonial America or are artifacts of nomenclature from European medieval calendars.
In America, the previous month of September was the Harvest Moon; in Celtic folklore, this month of October is the Harvest Moon. The next month of November will be the Beaver Moon, when traps are set to catch winter game; in medieval times, next month would bring us the Cold Moon.
In this month of October we in America typically know the Full Moon as the Hunter Moon, which occurs one month after the Harvest Moon. After the harvest was complete, the light of the rising Moon in October apparently allowed frontiersman to hunt nighttime game to add to the provisions already socked away for the coming winter. Nowadays, most grocery stores provide ample provender, negating the need to scout additional supplies in the wild.
The astronomical reason for the Hunter Moon is the same as that of the Harvest Moon. At this time of year in the Northern Hemisphere, the path of the rising Full Moon in Autumn makes a shallow angle to the horizon, which makes the Moon appear to rise fairly soon after sunset.
That is, there’s no long climb for the Moon to get above the horizon; rather, the Moon skirts just below the below the horizon for several successive evenings, so the times of Autumn moonrise are shorter than at other times of the year. And so, more folks are aware of the rising Moon at this time of the year.
Even with the presence of the Hunter Moon, the sky still has a few worthwhile celestial objects to hunt up.
For example, several distant clusters of stars in Fall are worth finding even with the Hunter Moon in the sky. In the constellation of Perseus (the Champion), the Double Cluster (also known NGC 884 and NGC 869) climbs into the Autumn sky and makes for a fine showpiece at low power in a small or modest telescope.
And the Andromeda Galaxy is just as compelling to search for, even on a moonlit night. (See Chart 1, below, for a location of the Double Cluster and the Andromeda Galaxy, and Chart 2, which shows a magnified view of the Double Cluster.)
Mercury emerges briefly into morning twilight just ahead of the Sun but the apparition is not well placed for us as the planet disappears back into the glare of the Sun by the end of the month.
Venus stays hidden all month and does not re-appear until November, when it rises just ahead of the Sun in the morning sky.
Mars and Saturn stay lost in the glare of the Sun. Saturn does emerge in Virgo, the Maiden, in morning twilight by month’s end, climbing higher with each passing day.
Jupiter retains its regal position in Pisces (the Fishes) all night long and all month long, now past opposition from the previous month, but still shining brightly. (See Chart 3, above.)
Uranus, Jupiter’s mythological father, still shadows his son all month long, and is just visible as a tiny dot nearby with a big binocular or modest power in a small telescope. In a very large telescope, one might glimpse several of its moons. (See Chart 4, above, which shows a sampling of a large telescope’s field of view looking at Uranus at mid-month in the wee hours of the morning.)
Neptune all month long sits between Aquarius (the Water-Bearer) and Capricornus (the Sea-Goat) and requires a good star chart to locate precisely. Only large telescopes will show the faint disk of this distant world. (See Chart 5, above, for its location within the red tick marks.)
All of these monthly favorites can be hunted up and glimpsed even with the presence of the Hunter Moon.
Sky Roundup Almanac for October 2010
October 7: New Moon.
October 14: First Quarter Moon.
October 22: Full Moon.
October 30: Last Quarter Moon.
Venus stays hidden all month and does not re-appear until November, when it rises just ahead of the Sun in the morning sky.
Mars and Saturn stay lost in the glare of the Sun. Saturn does emerge in Virgo, the Maiden, in morning twilight by month’s end, climbing higher with each passing day.
Jupiter retains its regal position in Pisces (the Fishes) all night long and all month long, now past opposition from the previous month, but still shining brightly. (See Chart 3, above.)
Uranus, Jupiter’s mythological father, still shadows his son all month long, and is just visible as a tiny dot nearby with a big binocular or modest power in a small telescope. In a very large telescope, one might glimpse several of its moons. (See Chart 4, above, which shows a sampling of a large telescope’s field of view looking at Uranus at mid-month in the wee hours of the morning.)
Neptune all month long sits between Aquarius (the Water-Bearer) and Capricornus (the Sea-Goat) and requires a good star chart to locate precisely. Only large telescopes will show the faint disk of this distant world. (See Chart 5, above, for its location within the red tick marks.)
All of these monthly favorites can be hunted up and glimpsed even with the presence of the Hunter Moon.
Sky Roundup Almanac for October 2010
October 7: New Moon.
October 14: First Quarter Moon.
October 22: Full Moon.
October 30: Last Quarter Moon.
Sky Roundup for September
Astronomical highlights for the month of September 2010
Shine On, Harvest Moon
Just over a hundred years ago, a catchy vaudeville tune, “Shine on, Harvest Moon”, debuted and became a pop standard for many decades thereafter, right into the 21st century, featured as it was by recording artists and its inclusion in popular movies.
A look back at how we once saw the Moon
The lyrics start out with a forlorn lament of a loveless Winter, Spring, and Summer but end in anticipation of a cheery Autumn, if only with a little romantic help from the Harvest Moon. The cover for the original sheet music (seen at right) sets the scene for the song’s upbeat ending, showing two pining lovers, together at last, silhouetted by the rising light of that familiar orange orb.
While the cover was prepared in the design style of the day, the publisher of the sheet music captured several classic images reminiscent of the approaching season. Perhaps no actual attempt was made to be astronomically correct; after all, they were trying to sell sheet music. Rather, it may be more likely that the publisher was aware enough of the change of seasons to include those images that best describe it.
While the cover was prepared in the design style of the day, the publisher of the sheet music captured several classic images reminiscent of the approaching season. Perhaps no actual attempt was made to be astronomically correct; after all, they were trying to sell sheet music. Rather, it may be more likely that the publisher was aware enough of the change of seasons to include those images that best describe it.
While the cover was prepared in the design style of the day, the publisher of the sheet music captured several classic images reminiscent of the approaching season. Perhaps no actual attempt was made to be astronomically correct; after all, they were trying to sell sheet music. Rather, it may be more likely that the publisher was aware enough of the change of seasons to include those images that best describe it.
As Summer draws to its astronomical close this month, we see the iconic signs of its passing. If you live in or near rural parts of the Midwest, you’ll see the start of the corn harvest by the end of this month. While farmers no longer arrange harvested corn in shocks as shown in the sheet music cover (---they arranged it in shocks to dry or cure the corn---), many homes still decorate with them to represent the season. Even the famed candy corn, popular at Hallowe’en, has the iconic shape of the curing corn shock.
From the less romantic side of things, the science of astronomy makes clear the beginning of the season, whether we like it or not, and its start does not necessarily match the weather from day to day. Indeed, our modern calendar appears to mark the start of seasons after we are well into the weather that typifies them.
For example, the astronomical start of Summer (as the Summer Solstice) shows the Sun at its highest in the Northern Hemisphere, though that season's weather already is fairly warm by that date. On older calendars, that date actually marked the middle of the season, as in William Shakespeare’s “A Midsummer Night’s Dream.”
Similarly, Autumn begins this month, specifically on September 22, at 10:09 p.m. CDT, which marks the astronomical start of the season, the Autumnal Equinox. But by the feel of the weather, it may make more sense that the date ought to be the mid-point of the season.
However, since at this point in Earth’s orbit, the rotational axis of Earth makes a right angle to an imaginary line joining the center of Earth and the center of the Sun, this is actually Autumn’s beginning.
As seen across the Midwest at harvest time and typical of this season, too, is often the rising Moon, large and orange near the horizon, just like the cover of the sheet music. From our sky perspective, the music publisher got it right.
The Moon can appear large due to the angle at which we see it. If near the horizon, the Moon appears close to objects along the horizon, such as trees, houses, fence posts, and even corn shocks. Seen near these landmarks in the foreground, the Moon appears huge in the background; away from these familiar landmarks, we have no point of reference, so the Moon appears small. In reality, the Moon does not change size; it’s just an illusion of large size that everyone sees.
The Moon can also appear orange due to the air around us. Near the horizon, we spy the Moon at a shallow angle, and, through more of the atmosphere, which filters out most of its reflected light except for longer wavelengths at the red end of the spectrum, making that orb look orange from our perspective.
You can easily find any number of websites that may feature copyrighted photo galleries of a large, orange Moon. In Autumn, we’re more accustomed to seeing the Moon large and orange because it seems to dawdle along the horizon. In actuality, the low angle of its orbit to the horizon makes the Moon appear to glide low over treetops as it rises.
So, of course, the best-known sign of the approaching season of Autumn indeed is the title "Harvest Moon". That’s the name given to the Moon that occurs nearest to the Autumnal Equinox. At the time that the Harvest Moon song was first popular, it was a quaint notion that farmers relied on that light of the rising Moon to finish their harvest for the day. Nowadays, farmers finish in the field more efficiently with modern machinery, but it’s not an old-fashioned notion that Earth’s nearest astronomical neighbor still influences our daily life.
The Moon can certainly influence what we see this month, since it shines next to most of the planets. On September 10th, a slim, waxing crescent hugs the horizon just below Venus, Mars, Saturn, all in the constellation Virgo (the Maiden). Of course, Venus is far brightest of the trio. At the start of the month, Mars and Saturn are barely visible in early evening twilight as one will need a telescope of modest magnification to spot either of them at all. (See Chart 1, below. Saturn is very close to the western horizon.)
As Summer draws to its astronomical close this month, we see the iconic signs of its passing. If you live in or near rural parts of the Midwest, you’ll see the start of the corn harvest by the end of this month. While farmers no longer arrange harvested corn in shocks as shown in the sheet music cover (---they arranged it in shocks to dry or cure the corn---), many homes still decorate with them to represent the season. Even the famed candy corn, popular at Hallowe’en, has the iconic shape of the curing corn shock.
From the less romantic side of things, the science of astronomy makes clear the beginning of the season, whether we like it or not, and its start does not necessarily match the weather from day to day. Indeed, our modern calendar appears to mark the start of seasons after we are well into the weather that typifies them.
For example, the astronomical start of Summer (as the Summer Solstice) shows the Sun at its highest in the Northern Hemisphere, though that season's weather already is fairly warm by that date. On older calendars, that date actually marked the middle of the season, as in William Shakespeare’s “A Midsummer Night’s Dream.”
Similarly, Autumn begins this month, specifically on September 22, at 10:09 p.m. CDT, which marks the astronomical start of the season, the Autumnal Equinox. But by the feel of the weather, it may make more sense that the date ought to be the mid-point of the season.
However, since at this point in Earth’s orbit, the rotational axis of Earth makes a right angle to an imaginary line joining the center of Earth and the center of the Sun, this is actually Autumn’s beginning.
As seen across the Midwest at harvest time and typical of this season, too, is often the rising Moon, large and orange near the horizon, just like the cover of the sheet music. From our sky perspective, the music publisher got it right.
The Moon can appear large due to the angle at which we see it. If near the horizon, the Moon appears close to objects along the horizon, such as trees, houses, fence posts, and even corn shocks. Seen near these landmarks in the foreground, the Moon appears huge in the background; away from these familiar landmarks, we have no point of reference, so the Moon appears small. In reality, the Moon does not change size; it’s just an illusion of large size that everyone sees.
The Moon can also appear orange due to the air around us. Near the horizon, we spy the Moon at a shallow angle, and, through more of the atmosphere, which filters out most of its reflected light except for longer wavelengths at the red end of the spectrum, making that orb look orange from our perspective.
You can easily find any number of websites that may feature copyrighted photo galleries of a large, orange Moon. In Autumn, we’re more accustomed to seeing the Moon large and orange because it seems to dawdle along the horizon. In actuality, the low angle of its orbit to the horizon makes the Moon appear to glide low over treetops as it rises.
So, of course, the best-known sign of the approaching season of Autumn indeed is the title "Harvest Moon". That’s the name given to the Moon that occurs nearest to the Autumnal Equinox. At the time that the Harvest Moon song was first popular, it was a quaint notion that farmers relied on that light of the rising Moon to finish their harvest for the day. Nowadays, farmers finish in the field more efficiently with modern machinery, but it’s not an old-fashioned notion that Earth’s nearest astronomical neighbor still influences our daily life.
The Moon can certainly influence what we see this month, since it shines next to most of the planets. On September 10th, a slim, waxing crescent hugs the horizon just below Venus, Mars, Saturn, all in the constellation Virgo (the Maiden). Of course, Venus is far brightest of the trio. At the start of the month, Mars and Saturn are barely visible in early evening twilight as one will need a telescope of modest magnification to spot either of them at all. (See Chart 1, below. Saturn is very close to the western horizon.)
By mid-month, the famous ringed planet has bowed out and is lost in evening twilight. By the end of the month, Mars starts to go the way of Saturn.
Less than two weeks later, on September 23rd, the Full Moon can be spotted above Jupiter and Uranus in Pisces (the Fishes) all through the night. Of the two, faraway Jupiter by far outshines more distant Uranus, which will require a good telescope’s high magnification just to spot it as a tiny greenish dot. (See Chart 2, above. Note the reddish tick marks to help pinpoint the location of Uranus.)
If you use low power, such as in a large binocular, look at Jupiter and then look for Uranus nearby as both of these distant planets will be very nearly in the same field of view!
In September, Jupiter appears brightest and in its most favorable apparition when it reaches opposition (that is, when it appears opposite the Sun in the sky) this month. Finding Jupiter is easy in the eastern sky as it rises earlier every evening and is the brightest object in the sky all night long (besides the Moon) after Venus sets.
For this month, Mercury remains in the glare of the Sun, emerges into morning twilight my mid-month, but is not well-placed for observing at all until the end of September.
For the Moon itself, it’s always an appealing subject, when one can watch the change of phases throughout the month. No matter where one lives, in the city, in the suburbs, or in the country, the Moon, when visible on clear nights, commands the evening sky. And in some urban areas where often only the Moon can be seen, it’s worth taking time to observe it.
Look at the pictures (below) of typical lunar profiles. Observe a usual 6 day-old Moon (first image), the waxing crescent, and you’ll catch the terminator, that shadowed divide between light and dark on the Moon, highlighting craters and mountains in bold relief.
Zoom in with medium magnification, say, greater than 60-power, and scan the deep valleys and sheer crater walls.
Look later for the gibbous phases before and after Full Moon, namely, waxing at 9 days (second image) and waning at 18 days (third iamge), and note the change of perspective simply by shifting the Sun’s light across ancient landscapes.
Less than two weeks later, on September 23rd, the Full Moon can be spotted above Jupiter and Uranus in Pisces (the Fishes) all through the night. Of the two, faraway Jupiter by far outshines more distant Uranus, which will require a good telescope’s high magnification just to spot it as a tiny greenish dot. (See Chart 2, above. Note the reddish tick marks to help pinpoint the location of Uranus.)
If you use low power, such as in a large binocular, look at Jupiter and then look for Uranus nearby as both of these distant planets will be very nearly in the same field of view!
In September, Jupiter appears brightest and in its most favorable apparition when it reaches opposition (that is, when it appears opposite the Sun in the sky) this month. Finding Jupiter is easy in the eastern sky as it rises earlier every evening and is the brightest object in the sky all night long (besides the Moon) after Venus sets.
For this month, Mercury remains in the glare of the Sun, emerges into morning twilight my mid-month, but is not well-placed for observing at all until the end of September.
For the Moon itself, it’s always an appealing subject, when one can watch the change of phases throughout the month. No matter where one lives, in the city, in the suburbs, or in the country, the Moon, when visible on clear nights, commands the evening sky. And in some urban areas where often only the Moon can be seen, it’s worth taking time to observe it.
Look at the pictures (below) of typical lunar profiles. Observe a usual 6 day-old Moon (first image), the waxing crescent, and you’ll catch the terminator, that shadowed divide between light and dark on the Moon, highlighting craters and mountains in bold relief.
Zoom in with medium magnification, say, greater than 60-power, and scan the deep valleys and sheer crater walls.
Look later for the gibbous phases before and after Full Moon, namely, waxing at 9 days (second image) and waning at 18 days (third iamge), and note the change of perspective simply by shifting the Sun’s light across ancient landscapes.
Some observers might think that seeing the same set of landscapes month after month would get tiresome or boring. But the play of light and shadow across the lunar surface never ceases to fascinate.
Shine on, Harvest Moon!
Sky Roundup Almanac for September 2010
September 1: Last Quarter Moon.
September 8: New Moon.
September 14: First Quarter Moon.
September 21: Jupiter reaches opposition and is visible in eastern sky after sunset.
September 22: Autumnal Equinox, first day of Fall, at 10:09 p.m. CDT.
September 23: Full Moon.
Shine on, Harvest Moon!
Sky Roundup Almanac for September 2010
September 1: Last Quarter Moon.
September 8: New Moon.
September 14: First Quarter Moon.
September 21: Jupiter reaches opposition and is visible in eastern sky after sunset.
September 22: Autumnal Equinox, first day of Fall, at 10:09 p.m. CDT.
September 23: Full Moon.
All almanac events corrected as needed to Central Daylight Time, March to November,
and, to Central Standard Time, November to March.
Comments or questions? Please contact Roy Kaelin at roy@roykaelin.com.
and, to Central Standard Time, November to March.
Comments or questions? Please contact Roy Kaelin at roy@roykaelin.com.